论制约中国城市化进程的根本因素

作者认为,制约我国城市化进程的根本因素不是户籍制度,而是作为传统工业化体制内核的经济制度。建立政府间接调控的、一元化与市场化的工业化体制,是加快我国城市化进程的根本出路。     

Not ‘one of us’: understanding how non-engaged youth feel about politics and political leadership

The modern election campaign is a well-oiled machine. Campaigns are won by the smallest of margins. Strategists provide incentives for specific market segments, and potential voters are identified well before the writ is dropped. However, few questions are asked in those same war rooms when certain groups stay home – namely young people. Young people are largely ignored at election time, and in turn, those under 30 ignore elections. Drawing on 20 focus groups conducted in Canada in 2014, this paper compares politically engaged and less engaged communities of young people to learn how they feel about politics and political leaders. This effort builds a better understanding of why some communities of young people are less interested and engaged in politics which is vital to our understanding of turnout decline among youth, as it is these communities of young people who have almost entirely tuned out of political affairs.     

Advocacy Tactics and Policy Outcomes of Sex Offender Rights Organizations

Social movement organizations for sex offender rights work to reduce harm to registrants and their family members by influencing sex offender registration and community notification policies. This study draws on two theories of social movement organizations—organizational emergence and political opportunities—to investigate the capacity (i.e., structure, resources, knowledge and skills) of these organizations to bring about policy changes. Data were gathered using in-depth, telephone interviews with 19 leaders of state-level advocacy organizations in the United States. Two types of strategies emerged, distinguishing organizations as proactive or reactive in their approach to policy change. Proactive organizations contribute to policy amendment, development or adoption, whereas reactive organizations focus on blocking policy. These two types of organizations have similar tactical repertoires; however, more proactive organizations report the use of networking and coalition building and media stories, and more reactive organizations report the use of legislative testimony and research and policy analysis tactics. This study informs social work policy and practice by highlighting effective and ineffective tactics used by highly stigmatized advocacy organizations.     

论2014年《蒙特利尔议定书》对1963年《东京公约》的修订

鉴于对航空器安全及机上人员财产安全的关切和对遏止机上非循规与扰乱行为的关注,经数年努力,修订1963年《东京公约》(即《关于在航空器上犯罪和犯有某些其他行为的公约》)的《蒙特利尔议定书》于2014年4月在国际民航组织主持召开的国际航空法外交会议上审议通过。该议定书在适用范围规则、刑事管辖权规则与飞行安保员规则等三方面对《东京公约》作出重要变更,其努力值得肯定。然而,对议定书与《东京公约》的对比分析和对议定书约文本身的详细考察均显示,议定书对《东京公约》的几项主要修订尚欠成熟,且存在不容忽视的问题与缺陷,势必影响其目的的实现。《蒙特利尔议定书》对《东京公约》的修订并未取得令人满意的效果,其生效前景也不容乐观。     

农民工随迁子女与城市居民收入差距研究———基于改进后的Ｏａｘａｃａ—Ｂｌｉｎｄｅｒ 分解

已有农民工随迁子女研究集中于学校教育这一场域内部,而尚未涉及已迈进劳动力市场的随迁子女。通过对南京“城乡居民社会调查”数据的分析,发现已工作的随迁子女的社会经济状况好于无随迁经历的农民工,但是同城市居民相比仍有明显差距。使用改进后的Ｏａｘａｃａ—Ｂｌｉｎｄｅｒ 分 解方法,进一步探讨了人力资本、社会资本和户籍身份歧视对这一收入差距的影响,结果显示,人力 资本的差异是形成二者收入差距的主要原因,其次为户籍身份歧视和社会资本差异。     

广东省外来人口的定居性与流动性初步分析

根据人口普查资料,文章分析了广东省外来人口在居住地的时间分布情况,描述了不同人口属性和不同社会、经济特征的外来人口在居住时间上的差别,并且描述了在居住地出生"外来人口"的一些特征,最后利用Logistic回归对影响外来人口居住时间长短的多种因素做综合分析。在描述分析的基础上,论文最后指出,必须正视大量的外来人口实际上已经转变为长期定居人口的事实,并解决其产生的相关社会问题。     

中国儿童的出生登记:现状、问题与政策建议

本文利用有关文献和对各级相关部门工作人员的访谈资料以及相关统计数据,分析了中国儿童出生登记的相关法律法规、政策和登记程序;考察了儿童出生登记的状况、存在问题和后果;探讨了阻碍中国出生登记的因素;并提出了促进儿童出生登记、保护儿童权益的政策建议。     

工业化力度、人口流动行为与户籍改革

本文分析了户籍制度保护二元劳动力市场的前提条件 ,通过实证研究论证了工业化乏力和劳动力市场素质门槛是限制农村劳动力进城就业的根本原因。基于人口流动行为的分析 ,阐明了户籍制度改革可能使部分率先富裕起来的农民入住集镇或中小城市 ,但并不能根本改变民工在城乡间或城市间的“钟摆式”流动特征 ,难以达到促进城市化从而促进就业转换及扩大就业的目标 ,最后是政策含义。     

城镇化与户籍制度改革过程中的计划生育政策定位问题探讨

论文回顾了 2 0世纪 90年代以来 ,中国各级政府推进城镇化和改革户籍制度的一系列政策 ,分析了在这些政策中的计划生育政策定位问题 ,介绍了在这一过程中对违反计划生育政策人员的处理对策和一些新的改革动向 ,最后对一些问题提出一点建议     

我国户籍制度的历史考察

户籍制度是我国历史上的一项重要的社会制度,历代统治者都非常重视。户籍制度包括登记制度和管理制度两个方面。户籍的登记和管理始于西周,到秦汉时期初具规模,唐宋以后日臻完善,使该制度表现出明显的地域性、等级性、世袭性和社会治安功能。