例外：论小津安二郎

通过考察电影导演小津安二郎作品的特殊光晕（aura）,解释他何以能够凭保守的姿态赢得普遍的赞美。希望在解读了小津电影的根本情节、主要色彩和精神结构后,能够回答这么一个问题：小津何以不再可能？     

'Polyphonic' welfare: Luhmann's systems theory applied to modern social work

This article applies a series of concepts from Niklas Luhmann's systems theory in an analysis of modern welfare organisations. The point of departure is that social help in late modern welfare states has become 'polycentric' in that 'help' is today being defined by various different agents: public, voluntary and private care providers. Empirically, this article investigates re-housing work with homeless people, a kind of social work which involves several different welfare organisations. The case study shows how these organisations define themselves by making internal constructions of their surroundings, and how their self-enclosed nature creates a certain 'insensitivity' towards one another. How to coordinate and translate within this 'polyphony' of incomparable observations and values represents a major managerial challenge for present-day social workers.     

Gender differences in social workers’ assessments and help-giving strategies towards single parents

The study investigates Swedish male and female social workers’ assessments and help-giving strategies towards single parents applying for income support. The study was carried out with the help of a vignette distributed as a mail questionnaire. Results show that social workers tend to conform to assessments and help-giving strategies that are consistent with expectations linked to their own gender role.     

Parent‐Adolescent Communication About Sex: Retrospective Reports by Latino College Students

Latina female (n= 97) and Latino male (n= 69) college students (M age = 21.4 years) completed self‐report surveys regarding family of origin experiences, including sexual communication with parents while growing up. Latino parents of this comparatively highly educated sample tended to use direct rather than indirect strategies for communicating about sexuality with their children. Young women reported higher levels of sexual communication with mothers while growing up than did young men, and respondents reported less communication with fathers than mothers. Among young women, sexual communication with mother was positively associated with non‐Mexican origin and negatively associated with having older brothers living at home. In contrast, maternal education was positively associated with mother‐son communication about sex. Paternal education and the absence of older brothers positively predicted communication with both sons and daughters. The analyses provide novel information regarding sexual communication in Latino families and suggest directions for future research.     

Choice of the primary analysis in longitudinal clinical trials

Missing data, and the bias they can cause, are an almost ever‐present concern in clinical trials. The last observation carried forward (LOCF) approach has been frequently utilized to handle missing data in clinical trials, and is often specified in conjunction with analysis of variance (LOCF ANOVA) for the primary analysis. Considerable advances in statistical methodology, and in our ability to implement these methods, have been made in recent years. Likelihood‐based, mixed‐effects model approaches implemented under the missing at random (MAR) framework are now easy to implement, and are commonly used to analyse clinical trial data. Furthermore, such approaches are more robust to the biases from missing data, and provide better control of Type I and Type II errors than LOCF ANOVA. Empirical research and analytic proof have demonstrated that the behaviour of LOCF is uncertain, and in many situations it has not been conservative. Using LOCF as a composite measure of safety, tolerability and efficacy can lead to erroneous conclusions regarding the effectiveness of a drug. This approach also violates the fundamental basis of statistics as it involves testing an outcome that is not a physical parameter of the population, but rather a quantity that can be influenced by investigator behaviour, trial design, etc. Practice should shift away from using LOCF ANOVA as the primary analysis and focus on likelihood‐based, mixed‐effects model approaches developed under the MAR framework, with missing not at random methods used to assess robustness of the primary analysis. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

管窥石湾陶瓷艺术

石湾陶瓷艺术品类繁盛,在实用功能中蕴涵着石湾陶瓷艺术对生命价值的追求,在百姓日常生活场景中再现着石湾陶瓷艺术对生活的解读;在各类历史典故和民间传说中表达着石湾陶瓷艺术的价值判断和对日常生活的超越。     

一种求解双目标线性规划的方法及其在上海市土地使用和交通方面的应用

本文介绍了一种求解双目标线性规划(SBLP)的方法.根据上海市土地使用与交通的现状建立了一个拟动态的模型(BOLT),并用该方法加以求解。根据得到的解对上海市土地使用与交通相互作用的情况进行了分析。     

论文艺复兴时期人文主义与科学精神的塑造

文艺复兴时期的人文主义重视世俗生活和人的现实享乐,把对财富的拥有看作享受的根本基础,驱动了新航路的开辟,为近代科学精神的塑造奠定了实践基础。人文主义唤起了人们探求人自身和客观世界的奥秘,用理性的眼光观察世俗的社会生活,用求证试验的方法验证真理。人文主义否认权威;追求知识,捍卫真理,从而塑造了科学精神。     

20世纪三四十年代西北地区宗教生活的变迁

20世纪三四十年代,随着民族危机的加深和国民政府开发西北战略的实施,西北地区民众的宗教生活也发生了某些变化,具体表现为佛教信仰衰而复振,基督教信仰趋于兴盛,伊斯兰教活动与时俱进,道教信仰的衰落与留存;民间诸神信仰并行不悖。这从一个侧面反映了当时西北地区民众的精神状态和社会生活方式的变迁。     

论陆九渊《易》说中的社会人事观

南宋著名哲学家、“心学”思想体系创立者陆九渊,虽没有对《周易》这部奇特玄妙的经典进行过全面的阐解,但曾就《周易》经传及相关《易》理发表过许多精辟的见解。文章选取陆九渊《易》说中与社会人事观有关的内容进行评析,由此可体现其《易》说中“明体”之外“达用”的一面。