The Roles Played by the Staff and Workers’ Representative Congress in the Formation of Work Regulations

Article 4 of the Labor Contract Law lays down the right of the Staff and Workers’ Representative Congress (SWRC) to deliberate on the formulation of (intra-enterprise) work regulations, but this has become a “soft” law in judicial practice. The judicial criteria for judging the validity of work regulations are in essence determined by the judge’s judgment on their reasonableness. As an important embodiment of Chinese politics, economics and culture, the transformation of the SWRC that accompanied the market economy has not negated its value as an indigenous traditional resource. The SWRC does not just enjoy deliberative rights in the formation of regulations, as clearly specified in constitutional law, but also has rights under the law in local legislation and practice. Hence the system of work regulations is neither a unilateral decision on the part of management nor a contract, but rather an autonomous norm developed through the SWRC mechanism. Given the mandatory nature of Article 4 of the Labor Contract Law, regulations will only be valid after they have gone through a democratic process. The further development of the theory of normative system formation should endow the SWRC with greater rights and integrate it smoothly with the collective contract system to standardize collective labor relations.     

论实质意义上侵权法的确定与立法展望

《侵权责任法》的颁布对实质意义上侵权法的影响,包括对实质意义上侵权一般法的影响和对侵权特别法效力判断的影响。《侵权责任法》是绝对一般法。实质意义上的侵权一般法包括适用《民法通则》和《侵权责任法》两种情形。原有司法解释中侵权责任规范的效力取决于所解释的《民法通则》条文的效力。侵权特别法的效力判断分为法律整体判断模式和引致条款判断模式。如果行政法规上的侵权责任规范与《侵权责任法》有冲突,应该适用《侵权责任法》。侵权一般法在未来可能发生的变化,侵权特别法未来的立法空间和立法技术应该区分法律整体判断模式和引致条款判断模式。     

韩诗之变与苏诗的变中之变--论苏轼对韩愈诗歌的承传创变与宋代新诗格的确立

从艺术创新的角度考察苏轼对韩愈诗歌的承传创变,揭示韩诗之变与苏诗"变中之变"的关捩点皆"以文为诗".作为诗歌革故鼎新的一大法门,"以文为诗"在苏轼手中得到了新拓展.苏轼对韩诗承袭因革的背后尚有深层的诗学意义.有别于丰神韵度的唐诗,典型意义的宋诗是一种以思理筋骨见长的新诗格,新诗格在苏、黄手中得以定型确立;而这,与他们借鉴韩愈的"以文为诗"有一定的艺术关系.     

论专利制度的基本功能

促进科学技术进步和经济社会发展是专利法的终极目标,也是专利制度的主要功能。但是,在我国,专利制度功能的基本构成却常为人们所忽视。创新经济学认为：创新不断扩散,是技术创新社会经济效益的根本来源。《专利法》第26条规定的发明公开制度作为授予专利权的条件之一,对促进技术创新的扩散具有重要价值,体现了专利制度的终极目标。它教导该领域的普通技术人员实施发明（教导功能）,体现了发明人真正做出了发明创造（占有功能）,促进了技术信息和权利信息的传播（信息传播功能）,从而实现增进人类知识积累的专利法目标。从制度功能来看,实现专利制度基本功能的重要载体是专利文献。     

论WTO《SPS协定》“适用地区”条款及我国的对策

WTO《实施卫生与植物卫生措施协定》(Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosani-tary Measures,简称SPS协定)第六条"适应地区条件"将地区划分为"疫病非疫区"和"低度流行区",由于该条在解释上留有一定的弹性并且国际社会缺乏统一的规范文件,致使适用时出现了许多问题。该条规定的价值取向是既要保护本国或地区内的人员或动植物免受其他地区病虫害之威胁,又要促进成员方国际贸易的发展。要同时实现这两种目标,建立病虫害非疫区并赋予成员方根据其适当保护水平之需要确定合适的贸易地区之权利不失为一种可行的办法。我国应以SPS委员会的各项相关制度为根据,加强与相关国际组织的联系,积极研究我国主要农产品进出口成员之卫生和植物卫生状况和适当保护水平,在此基础上完善对病虫害非疫区或低度流行区承认的法律制度,促进我国对外贸易的发展。     

表见合伙之价值评判——兼析新《合伙企业法》第76条

2007年6月1日开始实施的新《合伙企业法》是一部非常有效地法律,但其最大缺陷是仍然没有规定表见合伙制度。表见合伙与表见代理、与民事欺诈是有明显区别的,不能用表见代理与民事欺诈解决实践中的表见合伙纠纷。新《合伙企业法》第76条的规定让人困惑,像似表见合伙,实则不然。建立表见合伙制度更有利于保障交易公平和安全,彰显善意第三人的利益,充分救济善意第三人的权利。因此,我国应当建立表见合伙制度。     

Understanding sex: the right to legal capacity to consent to sex

This article addresses the right to legal capacity to consent to sex of people with intellectual disabilities. Article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities guarantees the right to legal capacity on an equal basis in all areas of life. This article discusses sex as an area of life in which people with intellectual disabilities are frequently not being granted legal capacity on an equal basis. The article examines current capacity to consent to sex law in Ireland, England and Wales in light of Article 12. It proposes an ‘agreement model’ as a potential alternative that would be Article 12 compliant.     

语篇教学——大学英语阅读教学方法

立足于语篇理论又结合了当代多种研究成果的语篇教学法,以宏观的视野进行教学,从整体入手、再到局部、最后又回归整体,在大学英语阅读教学中具有明显的优势。恰当地应用语篇教学法,有利于提高学生获取完整信息的能力和语言交际的能力。在大学英语阅读教学中,语篇教学法注重把握语篇体裁,激活背景知识,融词句于篇章,精心设置问题,进行综合训练等各个教学环节。语篇教学法对教师提出了更高的要求,教师需要不断地从实践中学习。     

The WHO/WTO Study on Trade and Public Health: A Critical Assessment

This article provides a brief critical examination of a 2002 report jointly issued by the World Health Organization and the World Trade Organization on WTO law and public health. The author argues that the report is in many respects misleading as to the content of WTO law, as interpreted by the Appellate Body of the WTO, its final court. In particular, the WHO/WTO report systematically understates or underestimates the margins of regulatory autonomy that WTO member states have to make regulations that protect public health.