Reexamining the ethnic hierarchy of locational attainment: Evidence from Los Angeles

Because of a lack of data, the locational attainment literature has not incorporated documentation status into models examining group differences in neighborhood quality. I fill this void by using the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey, which permits the identification of undocumented respondents, allowing a reexamination of the ethnic structure of locational attainment in this important immigrant-receiving city. Results first suggest that while undocumented Latinos live in the poorest quality communities, blacks live in neighborhoods that are similar to native-born Latinos and better than foreign-born Asians and Latinos. Second, the effects of education are strongest for blacks, allowing the highly educated an opportunity to reside in communities that are of better quality than educated Latinos and Asians. Thus, undocumented Latinos replace blacks at the bottom of the locational attainment hierarchy, allowing educated blacks in Los Angeles to reside in better neighborhoods than blacks in the nation at large.     

哈尔滨市乳业集群发展程度评价

哈尔滨市是乳业发展较具优势的地区,乳业发展基础雄厚,已经形成了乳业集群。对哈尔滨市乳业集群发展程度的研究是为了进一步提高哈尔滨市乳业集群发展水平,因此本文运用区位商法对哈尔滨市乳业集群集聚度进行测定和评价,据此来衡量哈尔滨市乳业集群发展程度。测算的结果表明,哈尔滨市乳业集群集聚度较高,乳业集群发展已经达到一定水平,但同时也存在着产业链条上的某些环节发展不均衡的问题。     

我国医药制造业的区域差异与空间集聚

基于省际面板数据,采用区位产值指数、地区专业化指数及空间分离指数,并把2001-2010这10年分成2001-2004、2004-2007及2007-2010三个时间段,分析了中国医药制造业的区域差异和空间集聚状况。研究结果表明,东部地区总体的专业化水平高于西部地区低于中部地区,而且各地区间的专业化水平差异较大,尤其是东部各省市与中西部的比较;另外,地区专业化水平在三个时段呈现“低-高-低”的特点,十年间整个医药制造业的空间集聚程度也表现出“扩散-集聚-扩散”的规律。最后,给出了相应的政策建议。     

英汉语方位句与存在句/领属句的句法结构分析

Freeze等学者认为自然语言的方位句和存在句/领属句有相同的底层结构,最终的句法结构取决于到底是对象论元还是方位成分移位成为句子主语。Harley认为,方位句和存在句/领属句不一样,前者的介词含语义成分LOC,后者的语义成分含HAVE,并非所有的语言都有HAVE,有HAVE的语言才允许双宾构式。Harley认为BE＋HAVE形成have,但没有研究BE＋LOC形成什么。本文论证英语的BE形成系动词be,BE没有和LOC结合,后者包含在介词中,英语无单纯的LOC,汉语的动词＂在＂是LOC的体现,是BE＋LOC形成的静态动词;动词＂到＂是BECOME＋LOC形成的肇始动词。     

20世纪五六十年代新中国处理边界争端的原则与实践

近代遗留下来的中国边界领土争端大致可以分为"位置性边界争端"和"领土性边界争端"。针对不同的边界问题,新中国政府制订了相应的原则与办法。60年代初,国际关系的紧张与中国边疆局势的动荡促使中共领导人加快了解决边界问题的步伐,中国相继与缅甸等6国解决了边界问题。中国政府在边界谈判过程中所贯彻的原则性与灵活性,保障了这一时期边界问题的顺利解决,体现出中国领导人尽快解决边界争端的意愿。从国家长远利益来看,在中国对外战略从"一边倒"转向"两条线"的60年代,陆地边界问题的和平解决,为中国赢得了较为安定的边疆局势。     

Hurdles or walls? Nativity,citizenship, legal status and Latino homeownership in Los Angeles

Homeownership is directly and indirectly linked with many positive child, adult, and community-level outcomes. Prior research offers strong evidence that nativity and immigrants’ citizenship status shapes U.S. homeownership, but relatively little work has explored how immigrants’ legal status is connected with homeownership. This study draws from locational attainment and classic assimilation theories to develop hypotheses about sources of intra-Latino heterogeneity in homeownership. Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey data are used to contrast four distinct groups of Latinos: U.S. born natives, naturalized citizens, authorized non-citizens, and unauthorized non-citizens. Logistic regression results indicate baseline and residual variation in Latino homeownership based on immigrant citizenship and legal status. Of these, unauthorized non-citizens are the least likely to own their home. The results provide support for all three theoretical models, particularly the place stratification perspective. The results also point to the need for more housing studies that jointly examine citizenship and legal status.     

理解区位基尼系数：局限性与基准分布的选择

 区位基尼系数虽然广泛用于度量产业的空间集聚,但很少有文献分析其应用的局限性和使用不同基准分布的影响。本文首先系统分析了区位基尼系数的三个主要缺陷：（1）受企业规模影响;（2）受地理单元设定的影响;（3）受产业分类影响。之后,本文分析了使用不同基准分布计算区位基尼系数所存在的经济意义上的差异,以及因此可能产生的理解偏差;同时,讨论了几种国内研究尚未使用过的比较有意义的基准分布形式。最后,本文以中国2004年制造业数据为例,解释了上述提出的问题。