Virgins,Terrorists, and Ten Children: Immigrants' Humorous Play with Ethnic Stereotypes in Bonding with Danes in the Workplace

Drawing on fieldwork in a multi‐ethnic workplace (an industrial kitchen in Denmark), this article explores immigrants' self‐directed ethnic humor in collegial relationships with Danes as it spontaneously develops and plays out in everyday work settings. Approaching ethnic humor from a symbolic interactionist perspective rather than adopting the dominant conflict approach, this article emphasizes the bonding functions of ethnic humor. The article argues that immigrants' engagement in playful behavior with ethnic stereotypes in interactions with Danes is a form of “impression management” in which they defuse ethnic stereotypes and dissociate themselves from them by building joking relationships in the workplace with Danes. A video abstract is available at https://tinyurl.com/esholdt .     

A port in a storm: Spontaneous volunteering and grassroots movements in Amsterdam. A resilient approach to the (European) refugee crisis

This article seeks to expand knowledge about spontaneous volunteering in Amsterdam during the European refugee crisis in the winter of 2015–16. As formal institutions, which relied on a top–down command and control approach, were unable to handle the relatively large number of refugees who arrived in a short period of time, grassroots social movements based on bottom–up participation emerged. Grassroots volunteers were not only politically engaged, protesting against the strict refugee reception policy, but they also became involved in the crisis response, showing a great deal of flexibility. Although the social movements struggled with their organizational structures, they were able to adapt their missions and structures to changing circumstances. To achieve a resilience‐based response to future refugee influxes, this article advocates for formal response organizations to dismantle their static, top–down approach, and for social movements to find a balance between participation and professionalism. If institutionalized refugee response organizations adapt to the dynamics of local conditions, they could create the conditions for resilient solutions in the crisis context.     

关于热力学自发过程定义及判据的讨论

自发过程是化学热力学一个极为重要的基本概念,但是各教材对其定义历来不尽一致,对自发过程判据的阐述也不十分清楚,给教学带来了一定困难。鉴于此,讨论了迄今为止几种自发过程定义的优缺点,分析了造成自发过程定义不统一的主要原因,讨论了熵判据可作为自发过程判据的条件。     

哈耶克的国家理论

F .V .哈耶克认为 ,人类进步是自生自发的过程。试图通过计划安排人类生活的做法不仅会压抑个人自由和阻碍社会进步 ,而且还会导向暴政。所以国家正当行为只应是防阻他者对自由的强制。哈耶克的社会国家理论除了在认识论方面内藏悖论外 ,还未能指出自由或权利关系往往同构于当下制度结构。他对国家干预和分配正义的反感 ,表明他实际上认同于完全的自由市场构造。     

泰戈尔短篇小说的诗化特征

泰戈尔短篇小说独特的风格中最为鲜明的东西就是其中的诗化特征。本文全面阐述这一特征,并提出印度诗学中的“味论”加以说明。从而证明泰戈尔的短篇小说不仅在语言和激情方面而且在创作准则和理论基础上都与诗歌攸切相关。     

哈耶克"自生自发秩序"概念评析

基于“自由”与“一般规则”二元模式阐释了哈耶克的“自生自发秩序”理论,认为过去以“自由”、“一般规则”与“竞争”三元模式理解哈耶克“自生自发秩序”有失偏颇,并进而对“自生自发秩序”概念展开了评析。     

Giving Memory a Hand: Instructing Children to Gesture Enhances their Event Recall

To investigate the influence of different kinds of gesture on children’s memory, 60 6- to 7-year-old children participated in an event conducted by the experimenters (“visiting the pirate”) and were interviewed to assess memory for the event approximately 2 weeks later. Children were assigned to 1 of 4 conditions; in 3 conditions, gesture was possible (gesture-instructed, gesture-modelled, gesture-allowed) whereas in the fourth condition (gesture-not allowed), children’s hands were constrained. The amount of gesture engaged in was limited but was greatest in the gesture-instructed condition. Children in the gesture-instructed condition, who were asked to gesture during the interview, recalled more than did those in the other conditions. Further, relative to children in the gesture-modelled and gesture-allowed conditions, children in the gesture-instructed condition conveyed significantly more information in gesture that had not also been reported verbally. Although further research is necessary to understand the underlying mechanism, the findings suggest that instructing children to gesture as well as verbally recall an experience has cognitive and communicative benefits. Elizabeth Stevanoni and Karen Salmon are affiliated with the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. We thank the children, parents, teachers and principals at the participating schools, St Michaels and Villa Maria Primary Schools, and acknowledge Kay Pegg for help with data collection.     

城镇化发展的"市县模式":湖北省个案

湖北省荆门市农民进城买房定居的案例说明,以地市级城市和县级城关镇为关键环节的农民自发城镇化发展模式具有相当强的生命力,“市县模式”应该成为中国特色城镇化发展的可选之路。为积极稳妥地推进以“市县模式”为核心的城镇化进程,一方面需要增强城镇的人口吸纳能力,保障进城买房定居农民的生存发展权;另一方面必须坚持农村土地家庭承包责任制不动摇,为进城买房农民提供一个稳定的大后方和补给线。     

自为的主体抑或自觉的主体:对新闻策划论战的知识社会学透视

10年前,我国新闻学界和业界曾掀起过一场有关"新闻策划"的激烈论战,学者们为了论证新闻策划是否能够成立,甚至争论到了新闻的内涵.然而几乎所有人都无视新闻策划背后的社会现实问题.随着市场经济制度的建立,为了获得利益,媒体在两个方面高度注重新闻策划:其一是通过公关的新闻活动策划来直接获益;其二是通过策划选题的方式进行深度报道以吸引受众.这是一场意义深远的范式转型.然而由于知识主体仅仅将新闻学看作是一门规范性、对策性或应用性的学科,割断了新闻学与社会其他要素之间的关联,因此使这场讨论的意义大打折扣.只有吸取10年前那场论战的深刻教训,我们才能由一个自为的研究主体转变成为一个自觉的研究主体.     

青岛市青年自组织发展现状及制度保障

近年来,青岛市各类青年自组织发展较快,这些组织在满足青年的精神生活需要、对外交往需要、促进青年就业、促进社会和谐等方面发挥着重要作用。但青年自组织的发展也面临着登记条件过高、资源匮乏、品牌意识淡薄、组织发展不稳定、外部沟通缺乏等困难。解决青年自组织所面临的困难,关键在于为其创造良好的制度环境,具体包括完善相关立法与政策、确立分类管理体制、转变双重管理制度、降低法人登记条件等。