Middle School Children's Perceptions on Welfare and Poverty: An Exploratory, Qualitative Study

This study was undertaken to determine how middle school children assess the effects of welfare reform on their daily lives. The study consisted of thirty interviews with children and their mothers recruited from a middle school in a large, metropolitan area. From the children's perspective, multiple jobs and evening/night hours interfered with the child-parent relationship. Other consequences included grades going down and not getting to school on time. All the children stated that mothers should work, but most children felt mothers should only work when their children are in school. Welfare and poverty were issues about which children were teased at school.     

'Polyphonic' welfare: Luhmann's systems theory applied to modern social work

This article applies a series of concepts from Niklas Luhmann's systems theory in an analysis of modern welfare organisations. The point of departure is that social help in late modern welfare states has become 'polycentric' in that 'help' is today being defined by various different agents: public, voluntary and private care providers. Empirically, this article investigates re-housing work with homeless people, a kind of social work which involves several different welfare organisations. The case study shows how these organisations define themselves by making internal constructions of their surroundings, and how their self-enclosed nature creates a certain 'insensitivity' towards one another. How to coordinate and translate within this 'polyphony' of incomparable observations and values represents a major managerial challenge for present-day social workers.     

区域经济一体化对世界福利及多边贸易体制的影响

随着经济的全球化,在以GATT和WTO为代表的多边贸易自由化不断深化的同时,区域经济一体化组织层出不穷。而区域经济一体化对于世界福利和多边贸易是有利有弊的。因此,在政策制定上要扬长避短,既限制其不利的影响,同时又要积极发挥它的积极作用。     

Effects of Medicaid managed care policies on mental health service use among a national probability sample of children in the child welfare system

Children in the child welfare system are dependent upon Medicaid to finance services for their considerable mental health needs. This study examines the effects of Medicaid policies on mental health service use among a national probability sample of children in the child welfare system. Data for this study came from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, the Caring for Children in Child Welfare study, and the Area Resource File. Weighted multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate effects of policy variables on children's use of mental health services, controlling for child-level covariates and county-level health resources. Children in counties with behavioral carve-outs under Medicaid managed care had lower odds of inpatient mental health service use. Medicaid managed care enrollment and variations in type of provider reimbursement did not affect use of mental health services. Older age, greater need for mental health services, and higher levels of caregiver education were associated with increased odds of service use. Restrictions on use of inpatient mental healthcare caused by behavioral carve-outs may disproportionately affect children in the child welfare system who have high rates of such use. Careful adoption of carve-outs is necessary to assure appropriate care for these children.     

“与贸易有关的投资措施”经济学分析

通过文献梳理发现,作为有益于东道国发展的政策,与贸易有关的投资措施对东道国经济发展的作用因不同国家和不同市场条件而异.东道国特别是发展中国家应该高度重视与贸易有关的投资措施研究,并采用相应的外资政策.     

美国与英国公益性科技管理体系研究

从国家科技管理机构、科研体系及公共科研成果转化三个方面分析美国和英国的公益性科技管理制度及其发展变化.随着经济全球化和知识自由流动的发展,科学技术在国家经济发展与社会进步方面的作用越来越大,政府在科技管理上的职能与地位也随之发生变化,总的来说是由原来的主要资助者和实施者转变为催化者和促进者.     

Family Cap and Nonmarital Fertility: The Racial Conditioning of Policy Effects

Using an experimental design, this research examines the effect of the nation's first family cap on the births, abortions, and contraception use of over 8,000 women receiving public assistance in New Jersey. The family cap denies additional cash benefits to children conceived while the mother is receiving public assistance. Our research shows that a targeted welfare benefit manipulation does influence fertility behavior; however, the effect is conditioned by race. We find that Black women in the experimental group have a 21% lower birth rate and a 32% higher abortion rate than Black women in the control group. We do not find a birth effect for Hispanic or White women. We discuss the policy implications of the effects of a segmented family cap.     

福利多元主义视角下的社区福利

随着经济体制的改革,“单位人”向“社区人”转变,社区福利成为社会成员普遍性的需求。但目前我国的社区福利存在着行政化、非专业化等一系列问题,社区内缺少成熟的、有活力的社会团体,严重影响了社区居民对于福利的可及性和可得性。本文尝试从福利多元主义的视角,在福利服务领域引入非营利组织,并重点讨论政府的角色转变以及与这些志愿组织和社会团体的合作关系。     

生态运动与绿色主义福利思想：生态健康科学与新型公共卫生框架

人与自然、社会与自然关系既是经典的理论议题,又是紧迫重大的现实政策问题.本文从生态运动入手,系统介绍作为生态运动理论基础的绿色福利主义,并以生态健康科学为基本理论视角,简要探讨新型现代公共卫生政策框架及其革命性的现实、理论与政策涵义.     

福利资源的开发:由资金资源向人力资源的转变

福利需求是多元化的需求 ,除了物质上的需求外 ,还有制度、心理、服务等方面的需求 ,所以 ,福利资源也具有多元性。过去我们只注意在资金上开发福利资源 ,忽视其他资源的利用 ,特别是忽视了人力资源的开发 ,使我国社会福利和保障事业的发展受到限制。因此 ,如何将人力资源转变成有效的福利资源 ,是我国今后福利事业发展的重大课题。