新形势下如何上好工科专业基础课

为了适应世界和国内的新形势,工科专业基础课的教师应更新传统的教育观念,将学生培养成为具有较高素质的创新型人才。为此,要在教学诸多方面做出创新的努力。首先要把握当代中国大学生的特点,建立新型的师生关系;在此基础上教会学生正确的学习方法,提高他们学习的主动性;同时采用多种教学方法,激发学生的学习热情,培养他们多方面的能力。只有这样,才能上好专业基础课,担当起教师应负的责任。     

建构与解构:民族女工性别化技能研究

“性别化技能”的核心含义是不同性别学习接受不同技能,由此形成的男女能力差异是造成性别不平等的直接原因。本文分析研究了少数民族女工性别化技能建构与解构的逻辑机理,认为性别技能是由家庭、社区、学校、工作单位、社会传媒等结构性力量与女工个体性因素相互作用所建构,其历史成因是民族习俗与父权制的安排,现实动因则是资本对父权红利、性别租金的追逐,而创造相同、维护差异、习得新技能则是民族女工解构性别技能的主要策略与路径。     

Potenzialanalyse im Transformationsprozess: strategisch ausgerichtet und dialogisch angelegt

Potential analysis in a transformation – a strategic and dialogic approach in leadership development. The author describes the integration of ?potential analysis“ in a transformation process. It shows how corporate change and management development strategies can be related, and how the process of “potential analysis“ was conducted in such a way as to contribute to corporate change. The article presents the different instruments which were used and emphasizes the importance of an open dialogue between managers and board members.     

The effect of category choice on the odds ratio and several measures of association in case-control studies

In many case-control studies the risk factors are categorized in order to clarify the analysis and presentation of the data. However, inconsistent categorization of continuous risk factors may make interpretation difficult. This paper attempts to evaluate the effect of the categorization procedure on the odds ratio and several measures of association. Often the risk factor is dichotomized and the data linking the risk factor and the disease is presented in a 2 x 2 table. We show that the odds ratio obtained from the 2x2 table is usually considerably larger than the comparable statistic that would have been obtained had a large number of outpoints been used. Also, if 2 x 2, 2 x 3, or 2 x 4 tables are obtained by using a few outpoints on the risk factor, the measures of association for these tables are usually greater than the measure that would have been obtained had a large number of cntpoints been used. We propose an odds ratio measure that more closely approximates the odds ratio between the continuous risk factor and disease. A corresponding measure of association is also proposed for 2 x 2, 2x3, and 2x4 tables.     

A study of the Gamma-Pareto (IV) distribution and its applications

ABSTRACT

Pareto distributions and their close relatives and generalizations provide very flexible families of heavy-tailed distributions that may be used to model income distributions as well as a wide variety of other social and economic distributions. On the other hand, gamma distribution has a wide application in various social and economic spheres such as survival analysis, to model aggregate insurance claims, and the amount of rainfall accumulated in a reservoir etc. Combining the above two heavy-tailed distributions, using the technique by Alzaatreh et al. (2012 Alzaatreh, A., Famoye, F., Lee, C. (2012). Gamma-Pareto distribution and its applications. J. Modern Appl. Stat. Methods. 11:78–94.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]), we define a new distribution, namely Gamma-Pareto (IV) distribution, hereafter called as GPD^(IV) distribution. Various properties of the GPD^(IV) are investigated such as limiting behavior, moments, mode, and Shannon entropy. Also some characterizations of the GPD^(IV) distribution are mentioned in this paper. Maximum likelihood method is proposed for estimating the model parameters. For illustrative purposes, real data sets are considered as applications of the GPD^(IV) distribution.     

On entropy of a Pareto distribution in the presence of outliers

ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper is obtaining the amount of information there exists in the Pareto distribution in the presence of outliers. For the sake of this purpose, Shannon entropy, ?-entropy, Fisher information, and Kullback–Leibler distance are computed. Furthermore, a section has been devoted to compare these quantities in these two cases of the Pareto distribution (with outliers and the homogenous case). At the end of this paper, two actual examples, which are related to insurance companies, are brought. A brief summary of which is done in this work is also reported.     

Unternehmensbewertung bei wertabhängiger und autonomer Finanzierungspolitik unter Berücksichtigung einer Kursgewinnbesteuerung

The German tax reform in 2009 entails the general taxation of realized capital gains. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of a differentiated taxation of dividend payments and capital gains on discounted cash flow valuations. We develop explicit und practical useful valuation formulas for the free cash flow approach in case of financing based on market values and the adjusted present value approach in case of autonomous financing. Furthermore it is shown how the required risk-adjusted cost of equity can be derived from a modified Tax-CAPM. Finally we discuss how the particularities resulting from the new German tax law can be taken into account in discounted cash flow valuations.     

艺术符号对语言符号言说困境的超越——苏珊·朗格的艺术符号美学解读

语言符号之所以难以言说情感,决定于它具有线条性、历史文化性和概括性特点;艺术符号因与情感形式具有逻辑上的类似,它可以呈现感情和情绪活动的本质和结构.造型艺术符号直接作用于人的感官,给人以感性刺激,所传达的情感比语言符号宽泛含蓄得多;乐音的运动形式因与人的内在情感运动有着惊人的相似,音响艺术符号最适于表达人内心不可言说的动态的情感世界;语言艺术符号虽不具有直接的现实性,但它也可以将本身不具形体、难以捕捉的心理活动转化为使人能够感知的艺术形象,而且还可以创造出现实生活中不可能有的新奇景象.