Sample size calculation for method validation using linear regression

In this article, we present a method for sample size calculation for studies involving both the intercept and slope parameters of a simple linear regression model. Some methods have been proposed in the literature to determine the adequate sample size. However, they are usually based on the line slope only. We propose a method based on the F statistic that involves both the intercept and the slope parameters of the model. The validation process is conducted by fitting a simple linear regression model and by testing a zero intercept and unity slope hypothesis. Compared to a traditional method and using Monte Carlo simulations, encouraging results attest for the clear superiority of the proposed method. The article ends with a real-life example showing the value of the new method in practice.     

Single and multiple error state-space models for signal extraction

We compare the results obtained by applying the same signal-extraction procedures to two observationally equivalent state-space forms. The first model has different errors affecting the states and the observations, while the second has a single perturbation term which coincides with the one-step-ahead forecast error. The signals extracted from both forms are very similar but their variances are drastically different, because the states for the single-source error representation collapse to exact values while those coming from the multiple-error model remain uncertain. The implications of this result are discussed both with theoretical arguments and practical examples. We find that single error representations have advantages to compute the likelihood or to adjust for seasonality, while multiple error models are better suited to extract a trend indicator. Building on this analysis, it is natural to adopt a ‘best of both worlds’ approach, which applies each representation to the task in which it has comparative advantage.     

参考利率期限调整思路比较与重构

2008版SNA建议采用期限调整参考利率核算FISIM流动性转换，金融危机期间多项非合意核算结果推升了参考利率期限调整的必要性。鉴于国民经济核算专家提出的期限调整参考利率思路尚难兼顾“稳定性”、“实践性”与“国际可比性”要求，ISWGNA建议继续开展参考利率期限调整思路研究。本文阐述期限调整参考利率法基本原理，演绎参考利率期限调整思路的多种情形，归纳现有参考利率期限调整思路的分歧问题，并基于追溯演变历程、细分实施效果，提出新的参考利率期限调整思路——均衡缺口期限调整思路。使用我国数据的检验显示，均衡缺口期限调整思路不仅增强了“稳定性”，提升了“实践性”与“国际可比性”，更是鼓励金融机构的FISIM生产方式由风险积累变为宏观审慎，由此降低流动性风险积累成系统性风险的可能性。     

Teachers as risk and resource factors in minority students’ school adjustment: an integrative review of qualitative research on acculturation

ABSTRACT

The present study is embedded in the contextual approach of acculturation research. It examines teachers’ attitudes and behaviors, teachers’ expectations as well as their teaching practices as risk and resource factors in minority students’ school adjustment. The study applies the method of content analysis and uses a deductively developed and inductively enriched system of categories. The results of the study provide an integrative review of qualitative research on the role teachers play in the acculturation process of minority youth and their adjustment outcomes in the school context.     

服务型政府建设中行政人权利人格与权力人格冲突及调适

行政人权利与权力的矛盾导致行政人的两种人格维度即权利人格与权力人格的矛盾冲突,具体表现为行政人权利人格与义务人格的冲突、行政人职权与其公民权的冲突。这种冲突会导致行政人员的行政行为与服务型政府建设目标相背离,因此必须进行调适。     

Marital Conflict and Children's Emotional Security in the Context of Parental Depression

Evidence has emerged for emotional security as an explanatory variable linking marital conflict to children's adjustment. Further evidence suggests parental psychopathology is a key factor in child development. To advance understanding of the pathways by which these family risk factors impact children's development, the mediational role of emotional security for children with parents who have potentially clinical levels of depression compared to children whose parents have lower levels of symptomatology was examined (i.e., moderated mediation). Participants included 297 families assessed annually for 3 years. Paternal depression moderated pathways, such that marital conflict was associated with greater child emotional insecurity 2 years later in the context of paternal depression. Testing alternative pathways, emotional insecurity mediated relations between maternal depression and externalizing problems.     

Pragmatic Thinking about Self,Society, and Natural Environment: Mead,Carson, and Beyond

An interactionist approach provides a relevant point of view on human—natural environment relations. This essay draws on an interactionist approach from a Meadian, pragmatic, social constructionist perspective. In the context of grounded distinctions for interpreting “natural environment,” this discussion considers instances of human intervention and levels of responses, for example, individual, social, cultural, historical, and utopian, as variant, even conflicting, reconstructions of the foundational relationship of human—natural environment interaction. Incorporating a pragmatic model derived from Rachel Carson, the work at hand focuses on knowledge and ethical claims, as discourse and action shift from preventing to mitigating and adjusting environmental outcomes.     

同步发电机稳态和暂态信号的高精度检测系统

介绍了大型同步发电机稳态和暂态运行信号的快速精密检测系统。该系统能实时动态显示不同发电机稳态运行信息，在对电机暂态运行进行声光报警的同时，能将电机故障信息保存到扩展RAM区，供PC机进行数据分析和处理，而且具有很高的可靠性和实用性，系统总精度可达0．1％。文中给出了系统的主要软硬件结构图和部分单元的硬件电路，实现了汇编、C与Fortran的多语言混合编程。     

新纳税申报表“收入类调整项目”重点问题分析

新纳税申报表需要企业对收入类项目进行纳税调整，收入的确认、视同销售收入、不征税收入是收入类调整项目的三个方面，企业执行的会计制度不同，税收政策的改变，造成了会计和税法的差异，在企业所得税汇算清缴时，需要在纳税申报表上进行调整，把企业的会计利润调整成企业的应纳税所得额。     

Family Structure and Patterns and Psychological Adjustment to Immigration in Israel

Abstract

The research examines the relationship of family structure (couple-based or single-parent, with or without a grandparent) and family patterns (role division, decision making, and quality of marriage) with the psychological adjustment (satisfaction, and emotional state) of immigrants. The sample included 236 new immigrants from the former Soviet Union and Ethiopia who came to Israel between 1990 and 2001. The findings indicate that the couple-based structure adapts better than the other family structures. The single-parent structure had a very low rate of adjustment. Presence of a grandparent was found to contribute to the adjustment of the single-parent family, but hinder the adjustment of couple-based families. The discussion addresses family resilience among immigrants and highlights the special difficulties of the single- parent family.