经理收入的ISM分析(英文)

以经理的收入与经理的经营业绩相一致为假设,确定和分析了影响企业经理收入的个人、企业和外部环境因素。依据这些因素间存在的逻辑关系,运用解析结构模型(ISM)方法进行了定量处理,建立了影响经理收入因素的多级递阶结构模型。通过模型,得出企业因素对经理收入起着决定性作用,为建立有效的经理激励机制提供了理论和实际依据。     

非英语专业学生在英语学习中情感障碍特征分析

外语教学和外语学习的成功取决于诸多因素 ,其中情感因素越来越受到研究者和外语教师们的重视。笔者以 2 88名非英语专业本科生为对象 ,通过问卷调查 ,从焦虑、自信和动机三个方面来分析非英语专业大学生在英语学习中情感障碍特征及其表现 ,以便为探索能降低学生情感障碍的教学方法提供依据     

高校数字馆藏建设与开发

主要介绍了高校数字化馆藏建设的途径和方法 ,并对数字馆藏建设中数字化资源的深层次开发 ,如何处理知识产权及馆藏数字化与图书馆建设的关系提出了看法     

从助学贷款看对大学生的信用教育

高校存在着大学生助学贷款难这一现象 ,主要原因是大学生信用的缺失 ,因此必须对大学生加强信用教育。     

建构主义学习理论与CAI外语教学模式

指出从认知发现理论发展而来的建构主义是计算机辅助教学(CAI)的理论基础。阐释了建构主义所倡导的以学习者为中心的学习原理及建构主义的主要特征(情境、合作与交流、意义建构)及其对CAI外语教学具有重要的理论指导意义。从而指出以现代教育理论为基础,采用改善传统教学环境与内容的现代教育手段与模式会成为外语教学改革的新突破。     

论基础教育的均衡发展与政府责任

基础教育的均衡发展 ,是契合时代特征的一种全新的教育理念和教育发展观 ,我们应站在战略的高度来认识基础教育均衡发展的重要意义。针对我国基础教育非均衡发展的现状 ,我们认为 ,政府对推进基础教育的均衡发展应负有主要的责任。     

Reconsidering the Evolution of Nonlinguistic Communication: The Case of Laughter

Nonlinguistic communication is typically proposed to convey representational messages, implying that particular signals are associated with specific signaler emotions, intentions, or external referents. However, common signals produced by both nonhuman primates and humans may not exhibit such specificity, with human laughter for example showing significant diversity in both acoustic form and production context. We therefore outline an alternative to the representational approach, arguing that laughter and other nonlinguistic vocalizations are used to influence the affective states of listeners, thereby also affecting their behavior. In the case of laughter, we propose a primary function of accentuating or inducing positive affect in the perceiver in order to promote a more favorable stance toward the laugher. Two simple strategies are identified, namely producing laughter with acoustic features that have an immediate impact on listener arousal, and pairing these sounds with positive affect in the listener to create learned affective responses. Both depend on factors like the listener's current emotional state and past interactions with the vocalizer, with laughers predicted to adjust their sounds accordingly. This approach is used to explain findings from two experimental studies that examined the use of laughter in same-sex and different-sex dyads composed of either friends or strangers, and may be applicable to other forms of nonlinguistic communication.     

尽快建立我国信用体系问题的思考

阐明了信用体系的作用及其涵义。分析了由于旧的体制和传统观念等因素的影响,我国的信用体系残缺不全,信用丧失现象随处可见的种种表现、危害及其成因。针对市场经济的发展和中国加入WTO之后所面对的现实,强调了当前在我国尽快建立信用体系的重要性和迫切性;提出了借鉴国外的先进经验,建立起具有中国特色的信用体系的具体对策。     

Approach and Positive Affect in Toddlerhood Predict Early Childhood Behavior Problems

The aim of the study was to examine the moderating role of positive affect on the relation between approach behaviors and adjustment outcomes. One hundred eleven toddlers participated in a laboratory assessment of approach and positive affect at 24 months. Behavior problems were reported by a parent in the fall of the child's kindergarten year. Results supported our hypotheses that children who displayed high approach and high positive affect in both non‐threat and low‐threat contexts were rated as higher in externalizing behavior problems. On the other hand, for children showing low positive affect, increases in approach in a moderate‐threat context lowered the risk of developing internalizing behavior problems. Implications for these findings are discussed, including methodological considerations of differences among eliciting contexts and advantages of separating positive affect and approach.     

Parameter Estimation of Autoregressive Models Using the Iteratively Robust Filtered Fast-τ Method

Utilizing time series modeling entails estimating the model parameters and dispersion. Classical estimators for autocorrelated observations are sensitive to presence of different types of outliers and lead to bias estimation and misinterpretation. It is important to present robust methods for parameters estimation which are not influenced by contaminations. In this article, an estimation method entitled Iteratively Robust Filtered Fast? τ(IRFFT) is proposed for general autoregressive models. In comparison to other commonly accepted methods, this method is more efficient and has lower sensitivity to contaminations due to having desirable robustness properties. This has been demonstrated by applying MSE, influence function, and breakdown point criteria.