Use of the Correlation Coefficient with Normal Probability Plots

The use of the correlation coefficient is suggested as a technique for summarizing and objectively evaluating the information contained in probability plots. Goodness-of-fit tests are constructed using this technique for several commonly used plotting positions for the normal distribution. Empirical sampling methods are used to construct the null distribution for these tests, which are then compared on the basis of power against certain nonnormal alternatives. Commonly used regression tests of fit are also included in the comparisons. The results indicate that use of the plotting position p_i = (i - .375)/(n + .25) yields a competitive regression test of fit for normality.     

Multiple Comparison Procedures: The Practical Solution

A practicing statistician looks at the multiple comparison controversy and related issues through the eyes of the users. The concept of consistency is introduced and discussed in relation to five of the more common multiple comparison procedures. All of the procedures are found to be inconsistent except the simplest procedure, the unrestricted least significant difference (LSD) procedure (or multiple t test). For this and other reasons the unrestricted LSD procedure is recommended for general use, with the proviso that it should be viewed as a hypothesis generator rather than as a method for simultaneous hypothesis generation and testing. The implications for Scheffé's test for general contrasts are also discussed, and a new recommendation is made.     

“后新儒学”对传统儒学实践观的省察

通过对牟宗三道德形而上哲学的反思,"后新儒学"认为当今儒学发展的关键在于其实践观的转变。传统的实践观内缩于心性修养和道德形而上的探求,主要偏向于道德的维度。"后新儒学"融摄马克思主义和船山哲学,提出以社会历史生活为总归的新的实践观,此种实践观旨在克服儒家传统实践观的缺陷,真正进入生活世界。     

“四史”教育融入高校思政课教学的五维逻辑进路

历史照亮过去，历史启迪未来。以党史、新中国史、改革开放史、社会主义发展史为核心内容的“四史”教育，是以历史为基础的思想政治教育。从党史、新中国史、改革开放史、社会主义发展史中挖掘思想政治理论课教育资源，对高校传承红色基因、落实立德树人根本任务具有重要的指导意义。以庆祝中国共产党成立100周年为契机，将“四史”教育融入高校思想政治理论课教学，必须遵循相应的逻辑理路：树立正确党史观、坚定理想信念的价值追求是融入的逻辑立场；强化大历史观、理解党的伟大贡献是融入的逻辑方法；坚持内在统一性、把握“四史”教育的整体性逻辑是融入的基本前提；抓住侧重点、精准对接各门大学生思想政治理论课程是融入的逻辑核心；坚持实践逻辑、引导大学生从“四史”中汲取智慧和力量是融入的根本遵循。     

Separating psychological momentum from strategic momentum: Evidence from men’s professional tennis

In dynamic contests, strategic momentum and psychological momentum potentially coexist, which makes it difficult to distinguish between the two. We employ the setting of professional tennis, which allows us to separate psychological from strategic momentum. In tennis, converting a break point potentially triggers both strategic momentum—due to a change in the relative position of the players—and psychological momentum—due to a change in the perception of the players. To distinguish between these two momentum types, we employ exogenously given interruptions. Interruptions are predicted to affect psychological momentum negatively, while leaving strategic momentum unaffected. Using 4930 game-by-game observations from 141 Grand Slam men’s single matches, we show that the breaking players’ probability of winning a game increases after converting a break point, which provides evidence for momentum. Moreover, we show that this momentum effect is negatively affected by an interruption. Thus, psychological momentum seems to be the main trigger leading to a performance increase after a converted break point.     

Fiscal transparency and tax ethics: does better information lead to greater compliance?

By relying on WVS data and using multilevel mixed modeling, the paper tests the hypothesis that access to larger flows of information about government fiscal accounts and financial transactions increases citizens’ willingness to pay taxes. By supporting such an hypothesis, our analysis suggests that in the presence of more information, the implicit contract between the government and taxpayers displays less stringent incentives and participation constraints and causes part of the contract, namely tax morale, to be enhanced. This finding supports the implementation of fiscal transparency policies, whose possible design is discussed.     

美国“三重奏”大学生帮扶项目的实施、效果与启示

自1965年起,美国联邦政府逐渐建立起“三重奏”大学生帮扶项目体系,可视为是对以家庭第一代大学生为代表的低社会经济地位青年文化资本和社会资本储备不足问题的回应。作为该项目体系的三个初始子项目,“攀登极限”“人才发掘”“学生支持服务”主要通过提供学业辅导,帮助准备入学考试,提供各类资助信息并协助学生完成申请程序,提供参与文化活动机会等方式发挥作用。研究表明,“三重奏”体系有效提升了参与学生的录取率、保留率和毕业率。为进一步推进中国高等教育公平,借鉴美国经验,我们应重视对家庭第一代大学生的非经济支持,前置其介入时间并保持连续性,并注意发挥高等学校的主导性作用。     

马克思主义新世界观的天才萌芽--读《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》

作为包含着马克思主义新世界观的天才萌芽的第一个文件，《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》吸引了国内外众多学者的研究目光。《提纲》第一条作为全文的总论，集中体现了马克思主义哲学的伟大变革；第二条不仅是马克思主义认识论革命性变革的成果，同时具有重要的历史观意义；第三条探讨了人与环境、教育的相互关系；第四至十条可以看做是对新唯物主义历史观的论述和对费尔巴哈哲学的彻底批判；第十一条彰显着马克思主义哲学的本质特征和马克思人生的真实写照。     

道家文化对大学生心理健康教育的辅助作用--以老子“和”为中心

老子之“和”是一整体系统，“冲气”、“相和”、“和光”、“至和”等是这一系统的发展状态。由于“和”系统充满了辩证思维，因此通过具体内容与形式的现代阐释，对于当前大学生心理健康教育具有重要的辅助作用，对构建其本土化体系也有一定的借鉴意义。     

“教化”的流转--以《列女传》的传播为例

《列女传》所树立的鲜明女性教化形象,在历代传播中被筛选和改编,通过音乐、画像、戏剧说唱等方式,加上旌表的利益诱惑,使儒家教义通俗易懂,渗透到各个阶层的女性日常生活当中。这种刻在心灵深处的内在烙印和精神操控,比起外在的法制制度具有更大的隐蔽性和持久的压迫性。现代女性已经不是任人安顿和教化的“第二性”,而是有她们自主的抉择。