高等师范生在由应试教育向素质教育过渡中的困惑和思考

随着应试教育向素质教育的过渡,师范的基础性和教育的重要性越发突出。但在此过渡期中,由于各种原因,师范生产生了许多困惑。本文在正视困惑的基础上,积极思考,力求透视症结所在,并提出了5条改革的措施。     

略论唐代的科举,任官制度与书法艺术

唐代为科举制度初行期,作为新生事物有其活力,其某些情况与做法（如进士科行卷等）属空前绝后;而唐代任官须经考核始实授,其中包括书法。唐代又是书法艺术发展的高峰期,代表了特有的时代风尚与士人健康的文化心理。书法与科举、任官密切相关,而科举、任官制度则有力推动了书法艺术的发展。     

South Africa's 'Rainbow People', National Pride and Happiness

Since the first free elections were held in April 1994, South Africans are popularly known as the 'rainbow people'. The paper inquires whether South Africans who experienced pride in their nation in the first years of democracy also perceived a greater sense of subjective well-being. It is proposed that national pride in post-apartheid South Africa might be fused with or work through self-esteem to lift levels of happiness. The paper traces the history of the new integrating civil religion of the rainbow people and the acceptance of the rainbow as a political symbol of unity among the diverse people of South Africa immediately after the 1994 elections and two years later. The proposed link between national pride and happiness was explored with data from two independent national surveys, the 1995 South African World Values Survey conducted by Markinor and a June 1996 MarkData syndicated omnibus survey. The study found that the appeal of the rainbow as political symbol was inclusive of all groups in society and that feelings of national pride and support for the rainbow ideal were positively associated with subjective well-being. As indicated by intensity and frequency measures, the majority of South Africans were proud of their country and could name a national achievement that inspired pride. Better-off South Africans tended to be happier and more satisfied with life but less proud, while the poor were less happy but fiercely proud of their country. Results suggest that belief in South Africa's 'rainbow nation' ideal may have assisted in boosting happiness during the transition to a stable democracy, thereby preventing alienation among the losers under the new political dispensation. Supporters of the ideal of the rainbow nation were more optimistic than others about the future of their country.     

基于文献计量学的煤工尘肺研究热点分析

探究近20年来我国煤工尘肺研究发展脉络与研究热点。以中国知网(CNKI)收录的2000—2020年1 485篇煤工尘肺相关研究文献为数据源,运用CiteSpace对作者、发文机构、关键词绘制可视化知识图谱,同时根据知识图谱回顾相关文献内容。结果显示,煤工尘肺研究自2000年以来发文量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,煤工尘肺相关研究呈现趋冷的状态;研究热点内容为发病机制、治疗、诊断和流行病学研究。基于煤工尘肺研究热点内容及发展脉络,建议应继续加强煤工尘肺发病机制及诊疗措施研究,同时立足于患者的实际生活,致力于全方位全周期地提高患者生活质量。     

英语教师业务素质结构分析及评价模型

要解决英语教学中存在的"费时低效"的问题,提高教师素质是关键。教师素质,就是教师在教育教学活动中表现出来的,决定其教育教学效果,对学生身心发展有直接而显著影响的心理品质的总和。英语教师业务素质内涵应包括语言交际能力、教学监控能力、教学理论水平及自我学习能力等四方面的内容。引入模糊计算并通过应用实例,可以实现对英语教师业务素质的定量评价。     

论民主政治与中国情境

民主政治已经成为全球治理中不可逆转的趋势之一。民主是指对谁应行使公共权力的解答,民主政治的核心在于人民能够公开看到自己政府的各项活动,对关系到自身的政府决策有真正和积极的参与。民主政治是由人民对政府的支持、人民的选举与决定、人民的代表、人民的平等、人民的意见、人民的不服从等要素构成的。当民主政治运用到中国时,我们又需要在尊重民主共性的基础上,充分探求其符合中国国情的特殊性。     

老舍文化视野中的市民世界及其精神内涵

老舍以市民世界畸型的心灵为切入点,深入剖析国民性格的积习和痼疾,开掘其历史文化渊源,并以理性之光寻找中西文化的"熔点"以重铸国民的理想人格,显示了他对国家民族命运的忧思和对未来理想社会的构想。     

英语教学中培养自信、激发兴趣、实现师生互动的手段

自信心是学生进行学习、生活,也是进行创造性学习工作的最重要的心理条件。兴趣是调动学生积极性、探求知识的内动力。只有发挥学生的主体作用,恰当实施兴趣教学,使"要我学"变为"我要学",才能提高课堂效率,达到较好的教学效果。     

从编辑角度看90年代《上海文学》

从90年代文学与编辑面临的文化语境、编辑的多重文化身份及编辑行为、编辑批评等三方面考察90年代《上海文学》,可以看出其独立的文化身份和文学立场,以及敏锐的编辑批评视域。