论现代汉语新兴结构“X帝”

X帝结构由词根X和名词性后置类词缀帝组成。文章分别从X帝中词根X的构成情况、X帝中帝的性质、该结构的语义特征、识解策略和帝类后缀的生成机制等角度进行综合分析,指出类后缀帝是对传统帝字含义的发展和创新。X帝结构格式简单、选择性强,具有较高的能产性。该结构目前正处在一个从临时构成的语法词向语义凝固的词汇词变化的过程中。X帝结构突显了一种主观性的语义表达,主观性和主观化是其生成机制。     

Control at work: a generalized resource factor for the prevention of musculoskeletal symptoms?

During the last two decades two potent groups of predictors for work-related musculoskeletal problems have been identified: physical work load and poor psychosocial working conditions. However, little is known about their combined effects. In this study the buffering effect of control at work with respect to the negative effects of psychological demands and physical work load on musculoskeletal problems is examined. All study variables were sampled from 431 people working in geriatric nursing homes in Germany by means of questionnaires. Main effects and interactions were tested with multiple regression analysis. The results showed that control buffered the effects of high psychological demands, but not of high physical work load; the buffering effect of control was observed only when physical work load was low. The combined effects of demands and physical work load were over-additive. Thus, the power of different predictors for musculoskeletal symptoms depended on the level of other predictors. This suggests that the efficiency of certain strategies for the prevention of musculoskeletal problems is likely to depend on the level of risk factors, with different strategies being appropriate for different levels of risk.     

Monitoring Process Mean and Variability with One Non-central Chi-square Chart

Traditionally, an X-chart is used to control the process mean and an R-chart to control the process variance. However, these charts are not sensitive to small changes in process parameters. A good alternative to these charts is the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control chart for controlling the process mean and variability, which is very effective in detecting small process disturbances. In this paper, we propose a single chart that is based on the non-central chi-square statistic, which is more effective than the joint X and R charts in detecting assignable cause(s) that change the process mean and/or increase variability. It is also shown that the EWMA control chart based on a non-central chi-square statistic is more effective in detecting both increases and decreases in mean and/or variability.     

Inference and prediction for the burr type x model based on records

Based on record values, the maximum likelihood, minimum variance unbiased and Bayes estimators of the one parameter of the Burr type X distribution are computed and compared. The Bayesian and non-Bayesian confidence intervals for this parameter are also presented. A Bayesian prediction interval for the sth future record is obtained in a closed form. Based on simulated record values, numerical computations and comparisons between the different estimators are given     

“既X也Y”结构的衍生机制与动因

既X也Y结构是在既X又Y结构的类化作用下产生的。其中Y与X的语义关系可以是平列、递减或递增,而既X又Y结构中Y与X的语义关系可以是平列、递增或转折。历时研究材料显示,既X又Y结构的类化作用及表达上的语义空缺是既X也Y结构产生的重要机制和动因。在后来的发展过程中,既X也Y和既X又Y结构的实际使用情况呈现既交叉又互补的特征。     

Bivariate control charts for testing x data patterns

A new control chart, called the θ chart, for monitoring the mean of a process with bivariate quality characteristics is proposed. It can identify a rotation, shift or alternation between the subgroups of the process mean. The conventional application of X² chart to identify a sudden shift of the process mean is also expanded to identify a change of the process mean or a change of the process dispersion. Furthermore, when used together, the θ and X² charts could provide further insight into the process.     

“3＋X”下政治教学模式探索

"3 X"提出了新的高考模式及其命题指导思想的转变,给思想政治课教学带来新的机遇和挑战.本文探讨如何适应现代教学体制,更加有效地组织好本学科教学,促进学生全面发展,培养学生的创新意识和实践能力,提高综合素质.     

生态语言视阈下“吧”族外来词的模因属性分析

吧族外来词是现代汉语的新生词汇,它们时尚新颖,生命力强。从模因论的视角来看,吧族外来词作为强势语言模因的简洁性、非常规性和劝说性等特点,促进了生态视阈下的语言多样性。从生态语言学的视角分析吧族外来词的模因属性,吧族外来词的适用范围不应超出它的生态范畴,应合理估计它们作为强势模因的力度,避免因滥用这些词汇而造成不良的语言生态效应。     

“将（把）X进行到底”句式的功能拓展及流行原因探析

“将（把）X进行到底”句式,近些年突破了既有的局限,功能大为拓展,用法丰富,广为流行。究其原因,该句式的语用特色是其突破、流行的内在条件,媒体的影响和大众情趣的时尚化是其流行的社会原因,求新尚异的愿望是其流行的心理基础。对这种现象应正确对待。     

Better approximate confidence intervals for a binomial parameter

This paper discusses five methods for constructing approximate confidence intervals for the binomial parameter Θ, based on Y successes in n Bernoulli trials. In a recent paper, Chen (1990) discusses various approximate methods and suggests a new method based on a Bayes argument, which we call method I here. Methods II and III are based on the normal approximation without and with continuity correction. Method IV uses the Poisson approximation of the binomial distribution and then exploits the fact that the exact confidence limits for the parameter of the Poisson distribution can be found through the x² distribution. The confidence limits of method IV are then provided by the Wilson-Hilferty approximation of the x². Similarly, the exact confidence limits for the binomial parameter can be expressed through the F distribution. Method V approximates these limits through a suitable version of the Wilson-Hilferty approximation. We undertake a comparison of the five methods in respect to coverage probability and expected length. The results indicate that method V has an advantage over Chen's Bayes method as well as over the other three methods.