Crisis perceptions,relationship, and communicative behaviors of employees: Internal public segmentation approach

This study examines when and why employees engage in external communicative behaviors during the periods of a corporate crisis. Combining a cross-situational factor (i.e., pre-crisis relationship quality) and a situational factor (i.e., crisis-specific perceptions), this study segments internal publics to understand employees’ motivations of becoming advocates for or adversaries of their organization. The results of an online survey demonstrated that employees’ pre-crisis relationship to their organization plays a critical role in encouraging them to advocate for their company; meanwhile, their crisis-perception—whether they feel fewer constraints in solving a crisis—is more likely to make them share negative information externally. Segmented groups of employees with high levels of both relationship and activeness are most likely to engage in both positive and negative external communication behaviors. Theoretical and practical implications for public relations and internal crisis communication are suggested.     

Beliefs underlying stress reduction and depression help-seeking among college students: An elicitation study

Objective: This study illustrates how a theory-based approach can identify college students’ beliefs about stress reduction activities and help-seeking for depression. These beliefs are the basis for intervention design. Participants: A sample of 53 undergraduate students at a public university in the Midwest participated in this research during March 2016. Methods: An open-ended belief elicitation survey was administered online. Beliefs were identified through qualitative thematic analyses. Results: Exercise was students’ most preferred stress reduction activity. Beliefs about exercise emphasized physical benefits yet also not having time for exercise. Beliefs about help-seeking for depression emphasized treatment efficacy, support from others, stigma, and time constraints. Conclusions: Whereas beliefs about positive outcomes inform educational and motivational messages, beliefs about time constraints underscore the need to also consider structural factors that can help students find time to attend to their well-being.     

Patterns of alcohol use and marijuana use among students at 2- and 4-year institutions

Objective: The objective of this study was to understand substance use patterns of alcohol, marijuana, and simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use among 2- and 4-year college students. Participants: Participants were 526 young adults aged 18–23 (n?=?355 4-year students; n?=?171 2-year students) recruited from February 2015 to January 2016 who were participating in a larger longitudinal study. Methods: Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify past-month classes of alcohol, marijuana, and SAM use. Results: Among both 2- and 4-year students, a four-class solution yielded the best-fitting model, with 2-year classes tending to include greater marijuana use and less alcohol use and 4-year classes tending to include heavy alcohol use. Demographic characteristics were largely similar across classes. Conclusions: Classes of alcohol, marijuana, and SAM use differed by education status. Screening and prevention efforts for 4-year students may need to be tailored for the needs of 2-year students.     

Interlopers in class: A duoethnography of working‐class women academics

This article introduces the concept of the interloper for examining classed and gendered dislocation. Focusing on academia, which we view as a classed and gendered field, we draw on Bourdieu and feminist standpoint theory to account for how we, as women of working‐class origin, have experienced ‘breaches' through which we have come to understand ourselves in classed and gendered terms. Coming from different cultural backgrounds, we also reflect on how understandings of class are context‐specific. We employ a duoethnographic method which emphasizes the value of subjective experiences for organizational and social analyses. The article shows how the concept of the interloper may shed light on the dynamic, relational character of constructions of class and gender; the maintenance work that is performed; and how a sense of permanent inbetweenness characterizes our ongoing movement between the fields of the family and academia.     

从"写实"到"主义"——论张道藩的国家文艺思想

在20世纪的中国,写实主义文艺的重心曾经从"写实"本身的"主义"转移到政治的某种"主义",张道藩的国家文艺思想,即令"写实主义"服役于"三民主义",演成三民主义的写实主义.其形成带有现实的政治考量,即因应抗战建国和批评普罗文艺的需要,而其实施则暴露出政治目标与人文内涵的冲突.张道藩对三民主义文艺思想的建构和阐释显得中正、平衡、和谐,虽倡导有力的国家文艺,却又试图最大限度地尊重自由和人权,遂使其三民主义的国家文艺思想温和无力,最终走向自我消解.     

理论与实践关系的复杂性思考 --兼评惟实践主义倾向

本文认为在我国理论界和实际工作者中存在着一种片面强调实践的重要性、忽视或不能全面理解理论对实践的能动作用的惟实践主义倾向,从理论与实践关系复杂性的角度并列举了其四种表现:( 1)只承认实践检验理论,不承认理论检验实践;( 2 )对理论来源于实践作简单片面的理解;( 3 )把理论创新简单化、庸俗化;( 4)把理论联系实际简单化、庸俗化。作者还探讨了一些深层理论问题。     

气候资源的权力与权利：基于公共财产属性的构造

气候资源不是《宪法》、《物权法》上明确列举的国家所有权客体,也不具有权利客体的特征。气候资源与国家所有权客体在权利归属、表现形态、使用方式、存在目的上存在较大差异,乃是一种公共财产。基于公共信托理论,国家是公共财产的受托人,对气候资源行使诸如气候资源规划权、保护区设立权、纠纷裁决权及开发利用行政许可权等管理权。因为气候资源不是国家所有权客体,源自气候资源国家管理权的民事主体对气候资源开发利用的权利乃是特许物权。气候资源特许物权具有公私兼容的性质,既具有公法性,又具有私法性。     

大学生群体行为突变机理分析及对策研究

本文基于行为科学和突变理论,从大学生群体行为突变的影响因素着手,诠释了学生群体行为从渐变到突变的非线性过程,阐述了大学生群体行为突变的机理。本文认为,为更好地引导大学生,要切实落实人本管理理念,实行灵活调动、有退有进、有增有减的学生群体行为管理,同时应实现现有的状态管理向过程管理的转化,定性管理向以系统思想为指导的定量管理与定性管理相结合的转变。此外,要加强对大学生群体的心理疏导和人文关怀。     

语用逻辑及其在计算机语言和人工智能中的应用

文章扼要阐明了语用逻辑的研究对象、内容和主要特点,并介绍了这一领域的国内外研究现状。在此基础上．文章侧重描述了计算机语言作为浯用语言的逻辑特征,包括对计算机语言的语法分析和语义分析。最后,本文通过研究如何在prolog语言中使用IL分析方法表明丁语用逻辑在人工智能中的应用.     

W18Cr4V钢制造齿轮铣刀的热处理工艺

首先介绍W18Cr4V钢所含合金元素及其主要作用。随后重点分析W18Cr4V高速钢制造盘形齿轮铣刀的热处理工艺。掌握高速钢的热处理工艺方法,对于提高刀具的耐用度及加工质量具有现实意义。采用不同的热处理工艺参数,能得到不同的性能,同时也可满足不同工作条件和性能要求以及应用场合。