Monotonicity of power in games with a priori unions

Power indices are commonly required to assign at least as much power to a player endowed with some given voting weight as to any player of the same game with smaller weight. This local monotonicity and a related global property however are frequently and for good reasons violated when indices take account of a priori unions amongst subsets of players (reflecting, e.g., ideological proximity). This paper introduces adaptations of the conventional monotonicity notions that are suitable for voting games with an exogenous coalition structure. A taxonomy of old and new monotonicity concepts is provided, and different coalitional versions of the Banzhaf and Shapley–Shubik power indices are compared accordingly.      

生命意义的追寻——以白兰为例解读《红字》中的追寻母题

19世纪美国作家霍桑的代表作《红字》中A的象征,无论是从白兰的言行举止中对它的新解,还是评论家联系这本小说和霍桑本人的关系对它的新解,红A字都有着与“通奸”（Adultery）截然不同的解释。本文从A字代表白兰情人的（Anhur）名字的首字母这一点出发,分析了白兰一生中关于此事的经历,从来到美洲离开美洲再返回美洲,在这一过程中她追寻美国自由之梦、人性的解放和精神家园的回归,这个过程也就是她生命意义追寻的过程。     

《现代汉语词典》多义词处理指瑕

《现代汉语词典》作为一部权威性、规范性语文词典,其使用对象是语言学习者,其任务是尽量全面地反映现代汉语词汇的状貌,所以从收词、释义、用例等各个方面都要求科学严谨。本文将我们在使用《现汉》过程中发现的问题提出来,希望能对词典的进一步完善有所裨益     

论《河湾》中萨林姆的双重角色

V·S·奈保尔《河湾》中的萨林姆既充当故事的主人公和叙述者,既参与情节的发展,并独立于故事之外,本文对双重角色加以论述。     

Clustering Binary Oligonucleotide Fingerprint Vectors for DNA Clone Classification Analysis

We considered the problem of clustering binarized oligonucleotide fingerprints that attempts to identify clusters. Oligonucleotide fingerprinting is a powerful DNA array based method to characterize cDNA and rRNA libraries and has many applications including gene expression profiling and DNA clone classification. DNA clone classification is the main application for the problem considered in this paper. Most of the existing approaches for clustering use normalized real intensity values and thus do not treat positive and negative hybridization signals equally. This is demonstrated in a series of recent publications where a discrete approach typically useful in the classification of microbial rRNA clones has been proposed. In the discrete approach, hybridization intensities are normalized and thresholds are set such that a value of 1 represents hybridization, a value of 0 represents no hybridization, and an N represents unknown, which is also called a missing value. A combinatorial optimization problem is then formulated attempting to cluster the fingerprints and resolve the missing values simultaneously. It has been examined that missing values cause much difficulty in clustering analysis and most clustering methods are very sensitive to them. In this paper, we turned a little back to the traditional clustering problem, which takes in no missing values but with the revised goal to stabilize the number of clusters and maintain the clustering quality. We adopted the binarizing scheme used in the discrete approach as it is shown to be typically useful for the clone classifications. We formulated such a problem into another combinatorial optimization problem. The computational complexity of this new clustering problem and its relationships to the discrete approach and the traditional clustering problem were studied. We have designed an exact algorithm for the new clustering problem, which is an A* search algorithm for finding a minimum number of clusters. The experimental results on two commonly tested real datasets demonstrated that the A* search algorithm runs fast and performs better than some popular hierarchical clustering methods, in terms of separating clones that have different characteristics with respect to the given oligonucleotide probes.Supported by NSERC and CFI.Supported by NSERC.Supported partially by NSERC, CFI, and NNSF Grant 60373012.     

上市公司并购的流动性溢价效应分析--以佛山照明为例

在我国国有企业资产重组中,招标定价是关键问题,而上市公司的国有股或法人股出售这种并购行为可能会带来较显著的剩余收益,其并购定价中存在着溢价效应;尤其是流动性资产数量较大的公司,其招标定价将远远高于每股净资产,此种现象被称为"流动性溢价效应".本文以佛山照明1997-2002年财务数据为研究样本分析研究了这种流动性溢价现象的存在性,在此基础上构建了较完整的线性并购定价模型.研究结果表明国有股或法人股整体出让的合理定价不能仅仅以市价、净资产、市盈率等财务指标为评价标准,还应考虑正常收益、资产流动性、公司规模及流通股比例等多种因素.     

Guidelines for Use of the Approximate Beta‐Poisson Dose–Response Model

For dose–response analysis in quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA), the exact beta‐Poisson model is a two‐parameter mechanistic dose–response model with parameters and , which involves the Kummer confluent hypergeometric function. Evaluation of a hypergeometric function is a computational challenge. Denoting as the probability of infection at a given mean dose d, the widely used dose–response model is an approximate formula for the exact beta‐Poisson model. Notwithstanding the required conditions and , issues related to the validity and approximation accuracy of this approximate formula have remained largely ignored in practice, partly because these conditions are too general to provide clear guidance. Consequently, this study proposes a probability measure Pr(0 < r < 1 | , ) as a validity measure (r is a random variable that follows a gamma distribution; and are the maximum likelihood estimates of α and β in the approximate model); and the constraint conditions for as a rule of thumb to ensure an accurate approximation (e.g., Pr(0 < r < 1 | , ) >0.99) . This validity measure and rule of thumb were validated by application to all the completed beta‐Poisson models (related to 85 data sets) from the QMRA community portal (QMRA Wiki). The results showed that the higher the probability Pr(0 < r < 1 | , ), the better the approximation. The results further showed that, among the total 85 models examined, 68 models were identified as valid approximate model applications, which all had a near perfect match to the corresponding exact beta‐Poisson model dose–response curve.     

网络环境下的平台服务及其管理问题

通过对1999-2009的11718个被收购公司样本进行分组比较后发现掏空程度高的样本组公司业绩更差。全体样本被收购前的掏空程度显著高于被收购后的掏空程度,说明这些上市公司被收购后的掏空行为得到了收敛。掏空程度最低的样本组被收购时给股东带来的财富效应是负的,而掏空程度最高的样本组被收购后给股东带来的财富效应是正的。通过回归分析,发现控制权与现金流权的分离度越大,掏空对业绩的负面影响更大;大股东受到的制衡度越小,掏空对业绩的负面影响越小;被收购前如果董事长与总经理两职合一,那么被收购后因改善掏空而获得的财富效应将弱化;目标公司在被收购前的控制权与现金流权的分离度越大,目标公司被收购时获得的财富效应越小。     

Variables related to psychiatric sick leave taken by Spanish secondary school teachers

Abstract

This study analyses the relationships of certain sociodemographic, organizational, and personality variables with psychiatric sick leave taken by Spanish secondary school teachers. The sample comprised 200 teachers (84 men and 116 women) divided into two groups. The first group was composed of 100 teachers who had suffered from psychiatric disorders requiring sick leave. The second was a matched control group composed of 100 teachers with no history of psychiatric disorders. Both groups shared the same organizational variables (same centre, town, number of students, etc). Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine any relationships and the risk and protection factors for psychiatric sick leave. It is concluded that the most significant variables related to psychiatric sick leave included competitiveness and hostility, as defined by Type A Behaviour Pattern, emotional exhaustion as a factor of burnout, and job dissatisfaction.     

虚拟4A：广告学专业实务课程课堂教改探索

“虚拟4A”课堂实战训练模式力图扭转实务课定位模糊、教学质量低的现状,对接理论教育和业界实践,突显广告学作为应用型专业服务于行业发展的基本属性,将为广大教育资源和行业资源双重欠缺的高校提供可资借鉴的教改思路。