别有姻缘非关情——薛宝钗结局再考证

《红楼梦》未完为中国文化史不可弥补的损失,但主要人物结局前八十回皆有所示,关于薛宝钗之结局,学界基本有两种观点,一是宝玉出家后,宝钗孀居,孤独终老,二是宝钗改嫁贾雨村。细考文本,宝钗结局是在宝玉出家后改嫁贾雨村,但这并非从此人生顺遂,甚至是"好风送我上青云",贾雨村在复杂的政治斗争中失败后几经沉浮,最终失败,宝钗又一次失去依靠,此次打击更甚,在穷困孤独中度过余生。宝钗的悲剧寄托了作者的虚无思想与深刻感伤。     

罗尔斯程序正义思想研究——以《正义论》为中心

程序正义是罗尔斯正义理论的核心。在1971年出版的《正义论》中,罗尔斯将程序正义分为完善的程序正义、不完善的程序正义和纯粹的程序正义三种不同类型,以程序正义、尤其是纯粹的程序正义作为正义原则证成与实现的基础,使程序正义取得决定实体正义的优先地位。但在后正义论时期,罗尔斯的正义理论发生了"去程序化"转向,从单纯重视程序正义转向程序正义与实体正义并重。     

Forensic Interviews for Child Sexual Abuse Allegations: An Investigation into the Effects of Animal-Assisted Intervention on Stress Biomarkers

The use of therapy animals during forensic interviews for child sexual abuse allegations is a recommendation by the Therapy Animals Supporting Kids Program to help ease children’s discomfort during the forensic interview process. Based on this recommendation, this study incorporated a certified therapy canine into the forensic interview process for child sexual abuse allegations. This study investigated changes in salivary cortisol, immunoglobulin A, blood pressure, and heart rate as a result of forensic interview phenomenon (e.g., outcry) incorporating animal-assisted intervention versus a control condition in children (N = 42) interviewed for alleged child sexual abuse. The results supported significantly greater heart rate values for the control group (n = 23) who experienced sexual contact and/or indecency than the experience of aggravated sexual assault compared to no difference in HR for the intervention group (n = 19). The results suggest that the presence of the canine in the forensic interview may have acted as a buffer or safeguard for the children when disclosing details of sexual abuse. In the intervention group, children’s HR was lower at the start of the forensic interview compared to the control group. Finding an effect of having a certified handler–canine team available during the forensic interview on physiological measures of stress has real-world value for children, child welfare personnel, and clinical therapists. It is suggested that animal-assisted intervention be expanded to children facing other types of trauma and to treatment programs for child survivors of sexual abuse.     

从神话史诗看佤族远古历史——解读《司岗里》和《司岗格——西念壤》

像一切原始时期的民族一样,佤族的远古历史也主要曲折地隐藏在它的神话故事和神话史诗中。通过对佤族反映远古时期生活的神话史诗《司岗里》和《司岗格——西念壤》的解读,我们便可弄懂这样几个重大历史问题：什么是司岗里？佤族怎样走出司岗里？为什么走出司岗里的佤族叫阿佤？什么叫司岗格——西念壤？佤族怎样在大洪水后分出另一个大支？为什么耿马、沧源的佤族新支自称为巴饶？弄懂了这些关键问题,佤族远古历史的路径便已基本清晰。     

《红楼梦》中称呼语语码转换探析——基于语域理论

言语交际中,对同一对象的称呼不是一成不变的,它会随着场合、参与者之间的关系、话题、心理等因素转换。语码转换是指在同一对话中使用两种或两种以上的语言变体。从广义上讲,称呼语的转换属于语码转换的一种。以《红楼梦》为语料,选取其中称呼语语码转换的例子,立足语域理论的语场、语旨及语式探析称呼语这一语码转换的现象, 以期在日常言语交际中灵活运用称呼语,获得良好的交际效果。     

Variables related to psychiatric sick leave taken by Spanish secondary school teachers

Abstract

This study analyses the relationships of certain sociodemographic, organizational, and personality variables with psychiatric sick leave taken by Spanish secondary school teachers. The sample comprised 200 teachers (84 men and 116 women) divided into two groups. The first group was composed of 100 teachers who had suffered from psychiatric disorders requiring sick leave. The second was a matched control group composed of 100 teachers with no history of psychiatric disorders. Both groups shared the same organizational variables (same centre, town, number of students, etc). Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine any relationships and the risk and protection factors for psychiatric sick leave. It is concluded that the most significant variables related to psychiatric sick leave included competitiveness and hostility, as defined by Type A Behaviour Pattern, emotional exhaustion as a factor of burnout, and job dissatisfaction.     

Personality and the effort-reward imbalance model of stress: Individual differences in reward sensitivity

Abstract

The Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) model comprises both situational components (i.e. effort and reward) and a person-specific component (overcommitment). The aims of this study were to investigate the role of theoretically and historically linked personality variables (i.e. overcommitment and Type A personality) within the ERI model and to expand and extend the ERI model by investigating the contribution of individual reward components to both psychological (i.e. psychological distress) and attitudinal (i.e. affective commitment) employee strain indicators. A total of 897 police officers from a large Australian police agency participated in the study. The results provided no evidence of an interaction effect of effort or reward with overcommitment. The Type A variables did, however, make significant contributions and were involved in a number of interactions, suggesting that the person-specific component of the ERI model could be extended with the Type A personality profile. The findings also suggest that the esteem component of reward has the greatest relevance to employee outcomes, although tangible aspects of reward are more likely to act as a buffer of perceived work demand.     

首轮退耕还林补贴到期对农户多维相对贫困的影响

基于甘肃、宁夏和湖南三地首轮退耕农户的调研数据,采用A F双界限方法测度退耕农户多维相对贫困发生率,在此基础上借助精确断点回归设计,实证检验退耕还林补贴到期对农户多维相对贫困的影响。结果表明:第一,补贴到期农户各维度及其多维相对贫困发生率均高于未到期农户;第二,补贴到期对相对收入、充分就业、生活水平、主观感知维度及多维相对贫困的局部平均处理效应均显著为正;第三,异质性分析发现,补贴到期对老年和低收入农户多维相对贫困的正向影响效应相对更强。鉴于此,从制定相关保障措施、建立防止返贫的动态监测和帮扶机制以及完善退耕还林后续政策等方面提出相应政策建议。     

评约翰·巴思小说的媒介融合——以《曾经沧海》为例

约翰·巴思醉心于叙事艺术30多年来,媒介融合在其创作中发挥了重要功能。本文以其自传体小说《曾经沧海》为例,分析这部作品的媒介融合特点:歌剧化和网络化文本。作家运用媒介融合打造新的小说,既是对后现代小说生存困境的突围,也是对媒介变革深刻影响到文学的演进方式和形式这一事实的积极回应。笔者最后指出巴思的这种创新对小说形式史具有一定创新意义,且为当下电子媒介所培育的文化之弊病提供了一种抵抗的可能,但是以媒介融合为创作手法的小说与作家所期望的创作一种具有愉悦功能的纯文学尚有距离,其影响未能走出学术圈。     

中西传记诗学的理论建构与实践探索——析王成军《中西传记诗学研究》

王成军的专著《中西传记诗学研究》一书填补了国内传记文学理论研究的一个空白,即它对中西传记诗学构建方面的诸多理论问题进行了深入的探讨,并提出了独到的观点和理论视域。专著在理论编中开创性地提出了传记文学的叙事伦理特征,即事实正义论、"坦白"叙事和叙事契约论等观点。在文本阐释编中,他对中西不同传记作品进行阐释、比较,提出了不少真知灼见。可以说,该专著无论是深度,还是广度都有着很好的启迪和示范作用。