行政组织伦理氛围:基于社会认同理论的视角

社会认同理论与行政组织伦理氛围虽然具有迥异的研究背景、基础理论与方法,但不可否认二者之间存在高度的相关性。基于互动主义的行政组织伦理氛围内隐了社会认同的诸多环节,融合多重认同的建构性思维也有助于行政组织伦理氛围的提升。特别是社会认同过程中群体身份的彰显,可以为分析组织伦理氛围提供现实工具,使组织成员能够从自我认同与社会认同纠结的困惑中摆脱出来,并通过激活机制唤醒与组织情境相匹配的群体归属意识,达到建设性分析行政组织伦理氛围对个体伦理决策影响力、解决行政组织伦理冲突、弥合行政组织规范与社会规范鸿沟的目的。     

基于政府行政管理职能构建统计体系的基本思路与方法

对某个具体的政府行政职能部门而言,其数据供给和需求常常是不对称的。如何构建一套统计体系,将与其有关的统计数据信息采集、加工、应用、发布通过一个信息系统来实现,以满足其对外的数据供给和对内的数据需求？本文以北京市住建委为例,给出了政府行政职能部门统计体系设计的四个基本步骤：解析行政管理职能,构造统计体系的基本框架,分模块进行具体统计内容设计,落实统计报送周期、数据来源和传输渠道。     

Temporal stability of entries and predictors for entry into out-of-home care before the third birthday: A Danish population-based study of entries from 1981 to 2008

Objective

Placing a child in out-of-home care is one of the most radical measures a child protection system can decide to take. There is an essential interest in understanding the probability of entering care and what circumstances are related to the decision to place a child in out-of-home care. This study investigates the temporal stability of rates and predictors for entry into care.

Method

Data were obtained by linking several registration systems. The study population was defined as all children entering care before their third birthday from birth cohorts 1981–2008 (N = 11,034). Furthermore, a control population consisting of a randomly assigned quarter of the Danish child population from the same birth cohorts was used (N = 515,773). Rates of entry and Cox regression models from six periods from 1981 to 2008 were used to model co-variates associated with entry into out-of-home care.

Results

The overall likelihood for entering care is found to be decreasing over time. Furthermore, results reveal two trends: relative rates of entry are significantly decreasing for children whose mother has a psychiatric history prior to the child's birth; relative rates are significantly increasing for children whose mother or father was unemployed in the year prior to the child's birth.     

论“断水、断电”作为行政强制执行方式的正当性

＂断水、断电＂是督促当事人履行义务的有效手段,能在当前水污染防治中发挥重要作用。对目前已有规范进行分析后发现,它对若干基本权利构成限制,与最小侵害原则不符。然最小侵害仅为比例原则组成部分,乃警察法时代控权理念的产物。时代背景变迁后,它已不再单独具有评判管制措施合法性的功能。＂断水、断电＂作为一种行政强制执行方式,至少在我国当前的水污染治理领域中具有正当性。     

行政处罚概念质疑

现有法律没有界定行政处罚的概念,目前国内有影响的法学教科书给行政处罚的概念予以了不同的界定。虽然角度不同,表述各异,但基本点是一致的,都认为行政处罚应依法实施,其对象是有违法行为但尚未构成犯罪的行为人。但这些界定是存在问题的,也与行政处罚的现实不相符。本文对行政处罚概念存在的问题进行了分析,在此基础上提出了自己的有关思考,以求教于学界同仁。     

Administrative case reviews: Improving outcomes for children in out-of-home care

For nearly three decades foster care review has been required and practiced in the United States. It is well established that foster care review was designed with the intent to reduce the time children spend in foster care and increase permanent placements for children. This article presents that foster care review, as practiced in Colorado, is a social work intervention and quantitative results of this study demonstrate that as an intervention, timely administrative case review is an effective social work intervention related to improving child welfare outcomes for the children and families served in Colorado. The major findings show that timely administrative case review and increased levels of review attendance (mother, father, Guardian ad litem's, and foster parents) are predictors of the child welfare outcomes of permanency and length of time in out-of-home care. Bivariate results indicate a median length of stay approximately 10.76 months longer for children who do not consistently receive timely case reviews. Additionally, the results show that timely care review moderates the underlying casework process related to caseworker contacts, demonstrating that a child's length of stay differs depending on the level of timely case review. In essence, the administrative case review process in Colorado is effectively achieving its goal and is an effective intervention for improving the lives of children in foster care.     

上海创新行政执法体制和模式研究

行政执法体制改革是转变政府职能、推进依法行政、提高政府执行力的突破口和关键。进一步调整和改革行政执法体制,创新行政执法体制和模式,使之适应上海城市和社会发展的需要,是上海建立法治政府、服务政府、责任政府的重要环节。通过对上海行政执法体制和模式的调查分析,并借鉴国外行政执法体制改革的经验和启示,提出创新上海行政执法体制和模式的思路及对策。     

行政案例分析在行政学原理中的应用探讨

行政案例分析在行政学原理教学中具有不可替代的作用。坚持和完善讲授式教学方法,是搞好案例分析课程的首要环节;行政案例分析课程组织实施中的关键环节主要由选择案例、学生分组、课前准备、班级发言、提交小组案例分析报告与教师总结多个步骤所组成;目前我国在行政案例教学中虽然还存在诸多问题,但我们坚信行政管理专业教育一定会在不断革新中发展,行政案例教学的春天一定会到来。     

优化营商环境与行政审批制度改革研究

优化营商环境的重要进展,与放管服改革的逐步深入推进紧密关联。简政放权、放管结合、优化服务,都包含着优化营商环境的重要举措和内容,世界银行对营商环境的评估指标中多数也与行政审批有关。我国优化营商环境在多维度取得了转折性进展,从行政审批制度改革着手优化营商环境积累了重要实践经验。按照中央“十四五”规划建议中提出的“有为政府”要求和高质量发展目标,行政审批和后续监管领域仍然存在的问题需要解决。为持续优化营商环境,今后行政审批制度改革要从注重数量变化向结构优化改革转变,同时在放管结合上着力并有所突破。     

论电子政务的价值取向——兼论中国推行电子政务实践的策略选择

推行电子政务,表象上是应用信息通信技术,本质上蕴涵着政府改革目标.作为提升治国理政能力的重要手段,增强政府能力是电子政务建设的内在诉求.在行政管理体制改革的目标导向下,中国电子政务在技术与行政的互动创新中发展前行.