Karlin's corollary: a topological approach to pitman's measure

In this article, many of the known univariate results about Pitman's Measure of Closeness (PMC) are synthesized through a topological approach. The proofs of many known results are simplified and clarified. The approach extends some previous results established under other restrictions. Connections between PMC and Bayesian estimation are discussed but the inherent interpretations differ. A discourse on this connection can be found in the article of Ghosh and Sen (1991). A transitiveness property for ordered estimators is established and a counter example is given for unordered ones. These results help distinguish between the Bayesian and classical interpretations of Pitman's measure.     

Congruency of the Cognitive and Affective Components of the Attitude as a Moderator on Intention of Condom Use Predictors

Using data gathered through questionnaires on factors relating to the intention of condom use included in the Theory of Planned Behavior, we obtained evidence in favor of the two-dimensional structure of attitude: affective and cognitive components. In a structural equation model for predicting the intention of condom use as an instrumental behavior, we found that the congruence between the affective and cognitive components moderates the influence of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control in the intention of condom use. Since most of the studies do not take into account this proposed interaction, they can only report a kind of main effects average. Moreover, the percentage of explained variance of intention is higher for those individuals with the same value for the two components (congruent group). Furthermore, we found that perceived behavioral control is the most determining factor and that the cognitive component of the attitude is a better predictor than the affective one. The results are discussed from the point of view of their implications for designing prevention programmes for sexually transmitted diseases.     

CP分裂假说与汉语语言现象

Rizzi的CP分裂假说为CP提供了一个详细的内部结构。通过对汉语语料的分析,得出的结论是:Rizzi的CP分裂假说经验上得不到汉语语言现象的支持,汉语CP的内部结构允许存在两个或两个以上紧密相连的主题成分,但主题成分之间不允许焦点成分插入,焦点成分后置于主题成分。     

Proud to be a woman: Womanhood,old age,and emotions

ABSTRACT

This article takes its starting point in the discussions regarding intersecting discourses of gender and age and the lived experience of older women. The main objective is to discuss the experience of womanhood among older women and to demonstrate their active role in creating spaces for themselves and their friends and affecting each other. The study is based on narrative interviews with female members of the University of the Third Age (U3A). The main findings describe older women who actively engage with discourses of gender to embark on positive constructions of womanhood. They create their own spaces for women’s activism that are filled with positive emotions mobilized to support each other. This article discusses such findings and their relevance to the study of old age and gender. As a result, it serves as an invitation to think and feel differently about older women and their experience of womanhood.     

Attachment Theory’s Universality Hypothesis: Clinical Implications for Culturally Responsive Assessment

Attachment theory has achieved a major influence in social work practice as a basis for research and as a foundation for clinical approaches. The contention that attachment as it is contemporarily understood is a ubiquitous phenomenon has been labeled the universality hypothesis. This hypothesis is built on three assertions—that healthy attachment is facilitated through parental sensitivity, that secure attachment is normative, and that healthy attachment leads to longitudinal competence. Critics argue that contemporary attachment theory privileges a conception of child-rearing that is fundamentally based on family structures and societal conditions that ignore the cultural practices of most of the non-Western world. Although the universality hypothesis is intended as a tool for research, this author contends that it can be used as a construct to guide culturally responsive clinical work. The article will first provide an extensive review of the debate around cross-cultural attachment and then explore its clinical implications. A brief case study of clinical work with an ultraorthodox family will be used to elucidate the author’s contention.     

输入假设理论对大学英语网络化教学的优化作用

Krashen的输入假设理论认为大量的可理解性输入是语言习得发生的关键,Wynne Wong的输入强化技术则旨在增加学习者对目的语语言形式的注意,二者的结合可以突出大学英语网络化教学涵盖广、大剂量的教学的优势,对基于校园网的大学英语网络化教学,如授课、作业、自学、考试、教学评估等各个环节具有优化作用。     

De Morgan in the prehistory of statistical hypothesis testing

Summary.  Whereas the research of the 19th-century mathematician Augustus De Morgan in formal logic is fairly familiar to historians of mathematics, his work in probability is largely unknown to the modern reader. For this reason, few would be aware that this work contains a self-admitted error in probabilistic reasoning. This mistake is intriguing not only because it features in the work of someone who was so expert in logic but also because it appears to be an early example of hypothesis testing, which was a topic of much controversy in the development of mathematical statistics in the 20th century. The paper examines the mathematical and historical details of De Morgan's error.     

宏观经济分析思路刍议

从与国际学术界研究范式接轨的角度出发,本文对宏观经济分析的一般思路作了系统的讨论。本文主张,前提假设、逻辑推理和实证检验是现代经济分析方法的主要框架。任何规范的经济研究,必须首先推敲问题所处的经济环境,从而抽象出环境的主要特征,即研究过程受制于和受益于何种条件。经济学逻辑推理的范式基本上是数理的方式,实证检验则一般是应用计量经济学的方法。     

论历史教学中学生情感思维的培养

在历史课堂教学中,情感思维的培养已被视为教学目标的重要内容。激发学生对历史的学习兴趣和积极情绪,合理使用文学作品或艺术手段分析教材,通过形式多样的活动帮助学生体验历史情感,适时发挥教师的教学机智是培养学生情感思维的重要方法。     

中国不应在资源消耗问题上过于自责——基于“资源消耗层级论”的思考

 摘　　要:改革开放以来，中国经济保持了年均9．6％的增长速度，但同时也面临着5个方面的资源压力，中国的资源消耗问题备受国内外关注。本文提出并初步剖析了“资源消耗层级论”，认为中国资源消耗巨大是与中国目前所处的特定发展阶段以及特殊的国情密切相关的。中国人口众多，人均资源消耗量实际上处于世界较低水平。中国当前城市化速度非常快，居民消费结构正向住、行方面升级，建筑和交通已成为中国资源消耗的重点领域，表现出对资源需求量巨大的阶段性特征。此外，由于中国的出口多为高资源消耗产品，在出口额占GDP比重越来越大的背景下，中国实际的资源消耗量要大大低于名义的资源消耗量。尽管中国资源利用效率还不高，但不应忽视的是，中国的资源利用的相对效率水平正不断提高。随着中国经济社会逐步进入新的发展阶段，对资源的巨大需求将相对地缓解，我们应该理性地应对现存的资源消耗问题，而不必过于自责 。