中国上古审美文化对日本绳文时代的影响

从中国和日本考古文物、古代文献、古史传说来看 ,中国上古审美文化对日本绳文时代审美文化曾产生重大影响。这种影响可分为早中晚三期 ,早期影响表现为以山东后李文化为代表的“太昊时代”审美文化对绳文时代草创期、早期审美文化的辐射 ;中期影响表现为以大汶口文化为代表的“少昊时代”审美文化对绳文时代前期、中期审美文化的渗透 ;晚期影响表现为商周时代青铜、玉雕等审美文化因素在绳文时代后期、晚期审美文化中的凝聚。由于接受了中国上古审美文化的影响 ,日本绳文时代无论是在太阳崇拜、火崇拜、凤鸟崇拜、鸡崇拜等深层文化观念方面 ,还是在整体造型、陶塑装饰、抽象纹样等审美形式方面都发生了相应的变化 ,从而呈现出由神秘古拙到神奇华美再到庄重秀雅的风格转换     

网络文化：狂欢中创造——评龙其林著作《大众狂欢：新媒体时代网络文化透析》

《大众狂欢：新媒体时代网络文化透析》一书,力图通过研究新世纪以来网络文化现象所蕴含的象征意义,通过网络文化这个媒介,展开有关民主意识、政治权利、社会转型、国民性、文化归属感、媒介伦理、消费主义、社会性别等问题的研究,探究这些因素如何通过网络这一载体实现媾合与变异,是一部值得关注和重视的新媒体时代网络文化研究专著。     

从比武大赛看骑士与教会的冲突

比武大赛是西欧中世纪骑士生活中重要的军事行为和社会活动 ,历代的骑士们为了各自的利益和喜好积极地投身于这项活动 ,使其在西欧的历史中延续了数百年。教会出于自身的观念和利益曾对比武大赛予以强烈抨击和禁止。围绕比武大赛所表现出的冲突 ,反映了骑士和教会双方社会利益和思想观念的差别和矛盾。尽管双方在比武大赛方面最终达成了妥协 ,但从中所揭示的现象可引发我们对西欧中世纪社会的其它问题进行更深入的思考。     

Impact of demographic variables on women’s economic empowerment: An ordered probit model

The present study aimed to empirically examine the demographic variables that determine women’s economic empowerment. A sample of 500 married women between 21 and 49 years old (M_age = 35.49, SD = 7.66) was conveniently selected from district Multan (Pakistan). Control over economic resources was used as a proxy for women’s economic empowerment. Ordered probit regression was run to assess the demographic determinants (i.e., age, education, paid job, income, and property) of economic empowerment of the least empowered, moderately empowered, and highly empowered women. Paid job, age, income, and property appeared as positive and significant predictors of women’s economic empowerment. Implications of the study were also discussed.     

影响西部欠发达地区失业妇女再就业的显性因素分析与对策

本文立足于西部欠发达地区失业妇女再就业的现实,采用甘肃省天水市1205名失业妇女的调查数据,借助统计软件spss16.0,探讨了影响西部欠发达地区失业妇女再就业的显著影响因素：年龄、文化程度和培训经历,明确了家庭规模、思想障碍和再就业之间的非显著的因果关系,最后在logistic回归模型分析结果的基础上,从宏观、中观和微观三个层面提出了解决西部欠发达地区失业妇女再就业的有效对策。     

本雅明眼中机械复制时代的文艺审美特征

20世纪初是继19世纪资本主义高速发展后西方文艺从古典向现代递变的时期,此期的文艺作品生产者、文艺作品以及文艺作品接受者较前代有了极大的转变。本雅明目睹了这种变化,并对各种文艺现象进行研究,提出了此期文艺审美的特征。     

An Exploration of Public Attitudes Toward LGBTI Rights in the Gauteng City-Region of South Africa

ABSTRACT

South Africa’s legal framework on the rights of sexual minorities is one of the most progressive in the world. Despite this, discrimination and violence against gay and lesbian people continues to be a challenge. Using large-scale survey data gathered in the Gauteng City-Region, this study examines public attitudes related to homosexuality. Most respondents to the survey felt that sexual minorities should have equal rights. However, a considerable proportion of respondents also held negative views toward gay and lesbian individuals, with close to two fifths of respondents believing that homosexuality is against the values of their community, and over 12% of participants holding the view that it is acceptable to be violent toward gays and lesbians. Further analysis also consists of an examination of responses cross-tabulated with the variables of race, gender, age, and education, revealing that younger, well-educated South Africans tend to be the most tolerant, but also exhibiting large variances in attitudes within groups.     

“五普”百万人口以上少数民族年龄申报准确性研究

使用符号分布检验法对我国“五普”中百万人口以上少数民族年龄申报准确性进行了检验,检验结果发现,维吾尔族和黎族的年龄申报准确性较差,在资料分析时需要修正数据;在年龄尾数偏好上,回族和蒙古族偏好程度最轻,苗族、彝族、侗族、瑶族、壮族、傣族、哈尼族、布依族对0、2、8结尾的年龄有偏好,而对1、9结尾的年龄存在回避,藏族和雏吾尔族对奇数年龄回避,对偶数年龄有偏好。这一结果将对我国“六普”工作具有一定的参考意义。     

Response Time Distribution in a D-MAP/PH/1 Queue with General Customer Impatience

ABSTRACT

This paper presents two methods to calculate the response time distribution of impatient customers in a discrete-time queue with Markovian arrivals and phase-type services, in which the customers’ patience is generally distributed (i.e., the D-MAP/PH/1 queue). The first approach uses a GI/M/1 type Markov chain and may be regarded as a generalization of the procedure presented in Van Houdt ^[14] Van Houdt , B. ; Lenin , R. B. ; Blondia , C. Delay distribution of (im)patient customers in a discrete time D-MAP/PH/1 queue with age dependent service times Queueing Systems and Applications 2003 , 45 1 , 59 – 73 . [CROSSREF]  [Google Scholar] for the D-MAP/PH/1 queue, where every customer has the same amount of patience. The key construction in order to obtain the response time distribution is to set up a Markov chain based on the age of the customer being served, together with the state of the D-MAP process immediately after the arrival of this customer. As a by-product, we can also easily obtain the queue length distribution from the steady state of this Markov chain.

We consider three different situations: (i) customers leave the system due to impatience regardless of whether they are being served or not, possibly wasting some service capacity, (ii) a customer is only allowed to enter the server if he is able to complete his service before reaching his critical age and (iii) customers become patient as soon as they are allowed to enter the server. In the second part of the paper, we reduce the GI/M/1 type Markov chain to a Quasi-Birth-Death (QBD) process. As a result, the time needed, in general, to calculate the response time distribution is reduced significantly, while only a relatively small amount of additional memory is needed in comparison with the GI/M/1 approach. We also include some numerical examples in which we apply the procedures being discussed.