美国小群体传播研究的范式与理论评述

＂小群体＂指成员彼此间有面对面互动关系和情感联系的群体,一般人数较少。小群体是人类生活基本环境与交流的重要场所。＂二战＂以后,对小群体传播的研究逐渐兴盛以至今天呈现出多条主线的景象。本文在研读相关文献的基础上,将美国小群体传播研究理论成果分为结构范式、功能范式、叙事范式和戏剧范式等四种范式,并对有关理论进行介绍,以期对我国学术界开展相关研究提供理论借鉴。     

Communication and information exchange among SMEs and their local environment

Abstract

In this article the results from a Swedish pilot study in the project Arena for Sustainable Innovative Development of small and medium-sized enterprises is presented. The project in a whole aims to create and test a model for collaboration and sustainable development among small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in local areas. The research question in this article is delimited to issues concerning use of ICT, information exchange and communication among the interested parties. The pilot study was accomplished in a qualitative and explorative way with semi-structured interviews. As a result of the study some questions are identified as urgent to further investigate.     

No sign of harm: issues for disabled children communicating about abuse

While all children may be the victims of abuse, disabled children are particularly vulnerable. This paper explores the views of professionals working with children using alternative/augmented communication systems on the issues relating to communication about abuse. Interviews were carried out with 20 staff from eight establishments for disabled children across Scotland. It describes the range of alternative/augmented communication systems used and the barriers to communication about abuse. Staff generally accepted the importance of providing the appropriate vocabulary in augmented communication systems, but systems that provide such vocabulary were not widely used. Staff considered that a major difficulty concerned the level of understanding disabled children might have about concepts of abuse. They were unsure how the appropriate vocabulary could be introduced in a natural way and how links could be made between the signs and their meanings. Staff saw themselves as those most able to protect the children, but it was felt that discovery of abuse was more likely to come from them noticing physical signs, behaviour or mood changes than from the child communicating explicitly about abuse. The need for appropriate training and increased coordination between social work, health and education is highlighted. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Perception and Communication of Flood Risks: A Systematic Review of Empirical Research

Flood hazards are the most common and destructive of all natural disasters. For decades, experts have been examining how flood losses can be mitigated. Just as in other risk domains, the study of risk perception and risk communication has gained increasing interest in flood risk management. Because of this research growth, a review of the state of the art in this domain is believed necessary. The review comprises 57 empirically based peer‐reviewed articles on flood risk perception and communication from the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The characteristics of these articles are listed in a comprehensive table, presenting research design, research variables, and key findings. From this review, it follows that the majority of studies are of exploratory nature and have not applied any of the theoretical frameworks that are available in social science research. Consequently, a methodological standardization in measuring and analyzing people's flood risk perceptions and their adaptive behaviors is hardly present. This heterogeneity leads to difficulties in comparing results among studies. It is also shown that theoretical and empirical studies on flood risk communication are nearly nonexistent. The article concludes with a summary on methodological issues in the fields of flood‐risk perception and flood‐risk communication and proposes an agenda for future research.     

浅议英语学习中的文化差异

东西方文化存在着很大的差异,对西方文化不了解,势必造成英语学习的障碍乃至交际的失误。     

Alike but different: the understanding of rituals among Sri Lankan Tamil Hindus in Denmark

ABSTRACT

This article will discuss the meaning(s) of rituals among Sri Lankan Tamil Hindus in Denmark with special focus on the second generation. It will use Roy A. Rappaport's theory on ritual both as communication and as a basic social act, but it will also, in line with Jan Assmann and Hervieu Legér, understand the ritual as a storing place of collective memory. It will give a short outline of what can be called the institutionalisation but also the placemaking of the Sri Lankan Tamil Hindu tradition in Denmark, but the empirical focus will be on the chariot procession (Tēr), which attracts thousands of participants every year. The Tēr procession is an example of continuity and change. Continuity because the participants try to reproduce the ritual as they know it from Sri Lanka, however, changed so it fits into or communicates with the new setting.     

跨文化情景下的文化认同与和谐相处——以在美国阿肯色大学的学习生活经历为例

以美国阿肯色大学跨文化交流的经历为背景,以具体文化情景下的不同感受和体验为基础,揭示了在跨文化交流的情景下文化认同的两种表现:既表现为因语言相同或相近、宗教信仰相同、地域相近或相邻而产生的亲近感和归属感;也表现为因文化差异而产生的吸引或冲突。而在这种跨文化交流的情景下要实现和谐相处,就要做到"我"与"他者"之间文化上的"欣赏"与"分享",即"文化的互为主体性",而这种和谐的实现源于人类本性的相通,即"人类心灵的共同点"。     

数字营销传播背景下的新型社会形态研究

随着数字营销传播的发展,社会形态发生了巨大的改变.数字营销传播的载体改变了传统的生活方式,让消费和传播变得更加精准,各种各样私人化的定制服务满足了人们个性化的需求.这种新型的营销传播方式让消费者在市场中占据了主导位置.数字技术在改变生活方式的同时,也改变着人们的认知系统和价值观念.经过数字营销传播的洗礼,社会结构重新部落化,沟通变得更加平等.行业之间开始融合,不同领域的行业边界变得模糊不清.以往的营销传播理念已无法满足当今大变革时代的需求,新型社会形态需要全新的营销传播理论与之相对应.     

农业文化遗产的内涵及保护中应注意把握的八组关系

关于农业文化遗产的内涵及如何保护,学者及社会各界众说纷纭,莫衷一是。文章在梳理前 人相关研究和国际比较的基础上, 提出了农业文化遗产的完整概念及它与联合国粮农组织(FAO)“全 球重要农业遗产"(GIAHS)的区别。将农业文化遗产划分为十个大类,界定了各类农业遗产的特征与特 点。在结合国内外农业文化遗产保护实践的基础上,总结归纳了农业文化遗产保护过程中应当注意把 握的八组关系,即传统农业与现代农业的关系、遗产保护与农民利益的关系、生产功能与文化功能的关 系、保护主体与多方协调的关系、理论研究与实践推进的关系、现实保护与记忆留存的关系、政策导向与 制度建设的关系及保护主体与社会大众的关系, 提出了一些加强农业文化遗产保护的具体对策和 建议。     

英国林肯大学ESL跨文化交际教学的特色与启发

从英国林肯大学EFL教学的实际情况出发,指出在全球一体化和文化多元化的新时代背景下,国外ESL教育强调对英语学习者跨文化交流能力培养的重视;具体从学习动机、教学目标、教学方法、教材选用以及学习语境这五个方面,阐述其跨文化交际的英语教学的特色;旨在借鉴国外ESL跨文化教学的经验,启发我国英语教育中的跨文化交际教学的改革,促进培养适应新时代背景要求的应用型英语人才。