Intersection of Ethnicity,Gender and Class: Oriental Faculty Women in Israel

Ethnicity, gender and class are the major factors of social inequality and have been studied extensively leading to a large literature pertaining to each one of them. The issue of the intersection of ethnicity, gender and class has been introduced into the social sciences by feminist critical theory. Intersection theory postulates that minority groups are discriminated against on the basis of more than one characteristic which are “inextricably tied” leading to complex forms of inequality in various social domains. This study examines the intertwined effects of these factors as they are experienced and narrated by Mizrachi women (19) who are employed in universities and colleges. Although the intersection approach is generally supported by the data it was found that under certain conditions ethnicity, gender and class may be separated. One type of decomposition is when one identity encroaches upon another or others; the second is the separation of diverse identities assigning them to different life areas. These change processes do not support stereotypical dichotomies between Ashkenazi and Mizrachi, women and men and so on, and enable the creation of new hybrid identities.

从《唐律》的规定性及社会实践看唐代妇女的地位

《唐律》是中国古代最具代表性和典型性的法典,它对社会各阶层的不同规定,充分反映出其封建法典的阶级本质。其中,从婚姻礼制、夫妻关系、财产继承权等方面对男女的不同规定来看,唐代妇女在法律上的地位很低。但从实际生活来考察其地位并不低,出现了"法律地位低,现实生活中地位高"的悖反现象。     

英美文学教学和人文素质培养

本文从人文角度审思了目前我国的英美文学教学,指出了我国英美文学课程在教学方式和教学内容等方面存在的误区并提出了相应的对策。对英美文学教学的人文审思要求我们发挥文学的寓教于乐作用,使学生在学习文学中,获取审美享受和人生感悟,提高中西文化修养和跨文化交际能力,增强人文素质。     

女性崇拜意识与曹禺童年“性别错位”

曹禺剧作的出现标志着中国现代话剧艺术的成熟。他塑造了一系列大胆泼辣、个性鲜明、具有叛逆精神的女性形象,与之形成鲜明对照的是众多怯懦、无力的男性形象。这种女性崇拜意识与其童年生活、演戏经历密切相关。对女性的过分崇拜和长时间扮女角形成的自身“性别错位”使他的爱情、婚姻充满曲折。对众多怯懦、无力男性形象情感上的亲和与理智上的否定,则表达了他对“性别错位”产生的脆弱性格的恐惧。     

云南少数民族女性与传统纺织文化

本文通过对传统纺织文化与少数民族女性种种关联的分析,进而论述了纺织文化与女性的性别认同、纺织文化是女性利用空隙的劳作、纺织文化是社会衡量女性的价值尺度,以及纺织文化对女性的双重塑造.     

云南省女性人口的文化和就业状况

本文从人口学的角度,以详实、丰富的材料为依据,对80年代以来云南省女性人口的就业和文化状况,进行了客观的描述,通过对比、分析,简要、清晰地反映了80年代以来云南女性人口在就业和文化方面所发生的变化。     

Rural Black Women and Depression: A Contextual Analysis

We use ecological systems theory to guide our investigation of depression among a sample of 102 married Black mothers residing in the rural South. Using self‐report data collected via computerized interviews during home visits, we conduct multivariate regression analyses, exploring the associations between depression and (a) spousal support and conflict, (b) cocaregiver support and conflict, (c) child conduct difficulties, and (d) socioeconomic risk. We hypothesize that each of these variables are associated with mothers' depression scores and that the extent to which these familial variables and depression are associated will vary across socioeconomic contexts. Socioeconomic risk, child conduct difficulties, and conflict with a cocaregiver were associated with women's depression in the full model. The moderational hypotheses were upheld for the variables of spousal support and child conduct difficulty. Spousal support and depression have a strong negative association under conditions of high socioeconomic risk and a nonsignificant relationship when socioeconomic risk is low. The association between child conduct difficulty and depression was exacerbated under high socioeconomic risk.     

The Normative Protection of Women from Violence

The literature on the relationship between violence against women and a norm protecting women (NPW) is reviewed. I suggest that the effects of the NPW are suppressed because violence against women tends to occur in intimate relations and such disputes tend to be kept private. The offsetting effects of NPW and intimacy (or relational distance) are demonstrated in a study of 384 self-reported violent disputes. In support of an NPW effect, I find that disputes are more likely to be reported to the police if an attack on a woman is witnessed by third parties. This gender effect is offset by the fact that disputes between intimates tend to be concealed from the police and from witnesses.     

Social and Emotional Functioning of Older Asian American Adolescents

This study identified a constellation of psychosocial problems reported by older Asian American adolescents that was different from their Caucasian peers. When compared to 386 Caucasian American adolescents from the same community, Asian American students performed better academically and reported fewer delinquent behaviors. However, these Asian American youth reported higher levels of depressive symptomatology, withdrawn behavior, and social problems. They also perceived themselves more poorly and were more dissatisfied with their social support. These differences highlight the unique mental health needs of older Asian American youth. Practice recommendations are made that consider traditional Asian values and the role that family members can play in the development of effective treatment plans.     

美国戏剧中的生存与选择

人性异化是现代西方悲剧之源。残酷是生命的本质。当一个人面临死亡或生存危机的时候,往往会从一切社会与道德的约束中挣脱出来而变得真实,会把隐藏在心底的罪恶、残忍、报复、欲望等都发泄出来。这可以在阿瑟·米勒的《萨勒姆的女巫》和尤金·奥尼尔的《榆树下的欲望》里得到印证。问题是面对生存危机,不要在自身以外寻求希望,错误地采取一种消极的逃避态度和梦幻态度,一如田纳西·威廉斯笔下的布兰琪那样。一个人最终必须自己掌握自己的命运,要学会自救,真正至上的是我们人类自身。