Assessing the performance of the bootstrap in simulated assemblage networks

Archaeologists are increasingly interested in networks constructed from site assemblage data, in which weighted network ties reflect sites’ assemblage similarity. Equivalent networks would arise in other scientific fields where actors’ similarity is assessed by comparing distributions of observed counts, so the assemblages studied here can represent other kinds of distributions in other domains. One concern with such work is that sampling variability in the assemblage network and, in turn, sampling variability in measures calculated from the network must be recognized in any comprehensive analysis. In this study, we investigated the use of the bootstrap as a means of estimating sampling variability in measures of assemblage networks. We evaluated the performance of the bootstrap in simulated assemblage networks, using a probability structure based on the actual distribution of sherds of ceramic wares in a region with 25 archaeological sites. Results indicated that the bootstrap was successful in estimating the true sampling variability of eigenvector centrality for the 25 sites. This held both for centrality scores and for centrality ranks, as well as the ratio of first to second eigenvalues of the network (similarity) matrix. Findings encourage the use of the bootstrap as a tool in analyses of network data derived from counts.     

The identity and professional culture of the educator at the beginning of the university path in Italy

To work as an educator in Italy has required a specific university degree for only a few years now. This change has institutionalized the educational path regarding some factual knowledge and skills. However, the profession of educator also relates to an experiential culture and to personal motivations affecting and sustaining each individual's choice of the profession. This paper examines the ideas of professional identity held by a group of Italian students at the beginning of their college career. The sample includes two groups at the University of Padua, one group learning to work in social work, one group learning to work in health care. During the first three years of the new academic requirement, first-year students in both groups were qualitatively and quantitatively surveyed. In particular the study explores the reasons students orient towards these curricula, and the distinctive elements, competences, experiences and values they include in their image of an educator. Statistical multi-dimensional methods of data analysis are used.     

Les représentations professionnelles en question. Le cas des intermédiaires dans les fusions-acquisitions

One sector of finance, relatively unfamiliar to the public, has nevertheless been growing fast for the last 30 years. This sector, known as M&A (Mergers and Acquisitions), specialises in the sale or purchase of companies. The middlemen who carry out the transactions are not the owners of the companies they buy or sell. They perform a set of socially divided and organised tasks and possess specific expertise. This article seeks to analyse these financial middlemen as workers, and in particular to understand their professional representation of the companies that they help to buy or sell. We show that the people working in this sector share a commodified, quantitative and abstract representation of the companies bought and sold. Through an analysis of activity, professional rhetoric, socialisation processes and career dynamics, the article shows how the homogeneity of this representation is constructed and maintained.     

红山文化玉器研究述略

红山文化是我国东北地区新石器时代文化的一个典型代表。近年来,随着大量的考古调查和发掘成果的不断出现,不仅向世人充分展示了红山文化丰富的内涵,而且对我们进一步深刻认识红山文化、探讨红山文化在中华文明史上的地位也提供了宝贵资料。红山文化玉器是我国史前时期一个独立的玉器系统,是红山文化丰富内涵的重要组成部分。对于红山文化玉器认识与研究的状况进行分析与总结,将有助于我们对红山文化玉器研究的进一步深入展开,进而解决红山文化的社会发展阶段等较深层次的问题。     

La dynamique des professions à l'épreuve de la féminisation : l'ascension atypique des femmes commissaires

There are more female constables at the top of the hierarchy, especially in very male oriented services, then at the bottom of the police force. And differences of carrier between male and female constables are not so big. These two original points can only be explained if they are put in the light of professional, political and anthropological prospectives that governs the profession in process.     

高师思想政治教育专业复合型课程体系的论证与设计

本文从社会转型和社会需求多元化角度出发,通过分析高师政教专业课程体系现状及存在问题,论证复合型课程体系实施的必然性,提出并构建了“平台—模块”式的高师政教专业复合型课程体系。     

Profession scientifique et instruments politiques : l’impact du financement « sur projet » dans des laboratoires de nanosciences

In France, political authorities’ favorite tool for funding public research is now “project-based financing.” The reasons for this are well-known, but few studies have delved into its impact inside laboratories, on relations at the workplace and the meaning thus given to scientists’ commitment to research. A survey conducted in laboratories of physics in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology shows how its members coped with these new institutional arrangements. Several aspects of the changes introduced in scientists’ practices and in the benchmarks of professional recognition are articulated. Light is thus shed on the concrete and symbolic effects of public authorities’ actions on the formation of scientific professions.     

Accredited vs. non-accredited: The polarization of practitioners in the public relations profession

Characteristics of a profession include standardized education grounded in a theory-based body of knowledge, professional associations, codes of ethics, accountability and public recognition, as well as accreditation or certification. This study found that accredited and non-accredited practitioners differ significantly on a range of demographic and job-related variables, including gender, age, years of experience, education levels, employing organization type, reporting relationships, professional competencies, and salary levels. This apparent polarization of practitioners cannot be beneficial for public relations as the field continues to strive toward professionalism.     

反倾销诉讼中行业协会的当事人地位问题

行业协会参与反倾销诉讼,已是国内外通常的做法。但关于其以何种身份参与诉讼,又能将此类诉讼进行到何种程度,理论上还没有形成一致认识。分析了行业协会目前参与反倾销诉讼时的地位困境,并在此基础上进一步对行业协会参与反倾销诉讼中的相关法律地位问题进行深入探讨,提出在现有的诉讼体制下,应该明确参与反倾销诉讼中的行业协会的诉讼当事人资格,并在相关法律规范上予以体现的设想,以此来肯定行业协会参与反倾销诉讼的法律价值。