Social security,social welfare and the aging population

This study examines the effects of pay-as-you-go social security programs in aging economies when the middle-aged both educate their dependent children and subsidize the retirement of the old. Using an overlapping generations framework in which agents are three-period lived but timing of death in the third period is uncertain, we analyze the effects of social security tax schemes, under various demographic assumptions, on capital accumulation, education expenditures, social welfare, and economic growth. We find that in many cases social security crowds out education, and reduces economic growth and social welfare. Received: 29 April 1998/Accepted: 3 March 1999     

Accuracy of regularized D-rule for binary classification

We consider a regularized D-classification rule for high dimensional binary classification, which adapts the linear shrinkage estimator of a covariance matrix as an alternative to the sample covariance matrix in the D-classification rule (D-rule in short). We find an asymptotic expression for misclassification rate of the regularized D-rule, when the sample size $n$ and the dimension $p$ both increase and their ratio $p∕n$ approaches a positive constant $\gamma$. In addition, we compare its misclassification rate to the standard D-rule under various settings via simulation.     

The twin deficit hypothesis in Egypt

We employ a new approach to the twin deficit hypothesis aimed at enhancing policy making in Egypt. In contrast to the conventional twin deficit hypothesis between the current account, which comprises many items out of governments’ scope of maneuvering, and the budget deficit, we track the causal link between Egypt’s merchandise trade deficit and the budget deficit. We begin first by examining the conventional twin deficit hypothesis using a VAR model, which implies short run reverse causation running from the current account deficit to the budget deficit. Second, as cointegration exists between the budget deficit and the merchandise trade deficit, we run a multivariate VECM model which refutes the twin deficit hypothesis in favor of the current account targeting hypothesis. In policy terms, ameliorating Egypt’s trade balance would ultimately improve its fiscal balance as well.     

改革开放后俄罗斯文学在中国传播发展的新变化——基于拉斯维尔“5W”模式的阐释

自新中国成立以来,俄罗斯文学在我国的传播发展已走过了60多年艰难曲折的历程.在其整个传播发展过程中,改革开放这一重要历史事件对于俄罗斯文学的传播发展产生了重大影响.文中将以传播学的“5W”模式作为研究视角,从传播主体、传播对象、传播内容、传播手段以及传播效果5个方面,对改革开放前后俄罗斯文学在中国的传播活动进行研究分析,进而揭示改革开放后俄罗斯文学的传播发展所产生的新变化,为进一步开展对俄罗斯文学的研究提供参考.     

三种股利分配方案对股价影响差异性的实证研究

股利政策是公司重大财务决策之一,上市公司的股利分配方案公布会引起二级市场股票价格的波动。目前,我国上市公司实际采用的股利分配方案中,主要包括现金股利、股票股利和不分配三种。研究股利分配政策,从而改变企业资本结构,对了解二级市场股价波动及公司并购具有很强的意义。     

"保守主义革命"及其后果

"保守主义革命"是德国20世纪初一场重要的理论思潮,对德国20世纪的政治结构、政治运动和政治文化产生了深刻的影响.本文对"保守主义革命"的主要人物、核心范畴及其社会关联作了初步的论述.     

张学良教育思想及其现代解读

张学良将军是著名的爱国将领,中华民族的千古功臣.他不仅在政治、军事等方面颇有成就和影响,而且在教育方面也有不少创见并开展了有效的实践.他视教育为中国之希望、东北之希望,视人才为中国之未来、东北之未来.在他看来,"教育为神圣事业","教育是建国之本".认真解读张学良重教兴国的远见卓识,可以发现其中的许多观点对当今的教育仍具有启发和借鉴意义:教育的主旨是修养人格,这是教育之根本;大学的主要功能是培养人才、阐明学术;人才的标准是要能够担负国家和社会的责任;教育要服务于社会.     

Uncertain lifetime, fertility and social security

Investigating the effects of population aging on fertility and economic growth, we show that an increase in life expectancy lowers the fertility rate and raises life-cycle savings, and that a pay-as-you-go social security does not reverse the effect on fertility. Received: 10 March 2000/Accepted: 28 April 2000     

简易的H2S、SO2组合微型化实验装置

硫化氢、二氧化硫的制备和性质实验在《无机化学实验》中是分别进行的,在常规教学中操作步骤多,药品用量多,污染严重,作者通过改进,将两部分实验利用微型化装置组合成一体,操作简便、安全、成本低、污染少、效果好。