Australia’s national urban policy: The smart cities agenda in perspective

The Australian Government's attempts at national urban policy have been sporadic and inconsistent, under the constraints of constitutional, financial, ideological and political factors. This paper concerns the recent resurgence of national urban policy under the rubric of “smart cities” adopted by the Turnbull Government and carried on by the incumbent Morrison Government. It investigates how this round of smart cities agenda articulates with Australia's political tradition of national urban policy to seek continuity and change, through comparing historical policies, unpacking major smart cities programmes, identifying explanatory factors and critically commenting on its innovation and legacy. Drawing upon these analyses, this paper argues that understanding the smart cities agenda needs to move beyond the political, ideological “to-and-fro” pendulum to national urban policy observed in history. Rather, it resonates with a globalised policy norm established upon the city-based global integration and competition, driven by an imperative of transitioning to a knowledge economy and pursuing innovation capacity. It is too early to judge whether the smart cities agenda will bring changes to Australian cities in the way it wishes, since it involves long-term infrastructure investment and urban development projects. However, a comprehensive and consistent national urban policy to govern the Australian system of cities and towns has not been established yet.     

Social innovation and the autoimmunity of employability

The purpose of this article is to examine social innovation in the field of youth employment. It addresses both the shortcomings of supply-side approaches that are balanced towards issues such as employability and the impact of key demand side issues including low pay and precarity. The empirical analysis is based upon interviews with young people in employment or training with social innovations as well as interviews with senior policymakers and practitioners whose remit covers these issues. The study concludes by reflecting upon how the conduct of employability can operate as an autoimmune function.     

Supplemental home care and topping‐up: A shift from service universalism towards a new and privatised public service model?

How does a public service model based on service universalism react to the introduction of market principles of topping up? In a recent so‐called Free Municipality Scheme (an experimental scheme that allowed for greater operational autonomy locally in an effort to reduce state bureaucracy), a number of Danish municipalities were for the first time ever allowed to compete with for‐profit providers of home care in selling supplemental home care services paid entirely by the user. The take‐home message from this experience is that the introduction of supplemental home care entails challenges and eventually wider implications for the public service model, on an economic, organisational and cultural level. Supplemental services represent a new and potentially powerful combination of market and state logics that eventually redirects away from the universalist welfare state and towards a new and increasingly privatised public service model – a model where the service level is determined by the user's capacity to purchase and pay for services. The introduction of such services therefore implies a change of the potential of the Nordic welfare state to ensure equal access regardless of class and income.     

Identity work in female‐led creative businesses

This study explores the identity work carried out by three female owner‐managers in creative industry businesses, identified in Government reports as a discriminatory industrial sector for women in the UK. Through the development of narratives by the owners and other participants, observation of practice and review of online and offline materials, three cases emerged. These showed overlapping, different identities developed and performed through identity work. Each presented rational and logical persona as business leaders despite observation showing extensive use of intuition and gut feeling in both creative and entrepreneurial aspects of the business. Intuition and gut feeling were seen as inappropriate at work as they belonged to the home sphere, emotionally based and therefore automatically unreliable. While occupying male stereotypes and avoiding the female realm of emotion at work, these women expressed femininity through their emphasis on the maternal, ‘being a good mother' as a desired ideal being embedded in work as well as home practice.     

关于无锡新区建设创新型国际化科技新城的研究

通过深入考察国内先进的高新区,结合无锡新区的具体实际,文章提出无锡新区在未来发展中要以世界眼光高标准前瞻性定位,大力优化产业结构,提升产业能级,并通过改革创新重构无锡新区作为高新区的体制机制优势。     

荣氏企业文化的建构与特色

荣氏企业集团是近代中国民族企业的佼佼者,在其经营活动中,经过不断探索与尝试,逐步形成了一套独具特色的企业文化制度和理念。其基本内容和特征是:强烈的人本、和谐、创新和社会责任意识。其企业文化精神不仅在当时处于先锋位置,即便在今日依然具有重要的现实价值。     

合作创新中情境因素、合作效果与信任关系的实证

文章构建了情境因素、合作效果和相互信任之间关系的概念模型。通过问卷调查和利用结构方程模型,对概念模型进行了实证分析。研究表明情境因素中的沟通和关系专用性资产促进了企业之间的信任,而力量对比关系显著影响企业之间的承诺,信任导致合作效果的提高。     

依靠科技创新支撑南宁创新型城市建设

建设创新型城市,是经济发展模式的根本转变和社会领域的深刻变革,是支撑引领一个城市发展的重要战略选择。本文分析南宁建设创新型城市的战略意义、战略方向和比较优势,提出以科技创新为核心支撑南宁创新型城市建设的对策建议。     

中美政府对高校科技创新的支撑作用比较分析

美国政府对高校科技创新活动的支持始于第二次世界大战期间.二战改变了美国的科研模式,确立了政府与高校在科研领域的新型合作关系.而中国高校科技工作受到政府的重视并得到快速发展则是在20世纪80年代以后.虽然中美两国政府都主要从政策和资金两个方面为高校科技创新活动提供支持与引导,但在支持的强度、支持的目的和引导的方向上存在较大差异.只有深入比较这些差异及分析产生差异的原因,才能为中国政府加强对高校科技创新的支撑作用提供可靠的理论和实践依据.     

科研团队信任对团队创新绩效的影响研究

构建以知识共享和团队创新氛围为中介变量的科研团队信任对团队创新绩效影响的概念模型,以89个科研团队中的545名科研人员为研究样本,利用多层线性回归方法对相关假设进行检验。研究发现：科研团队信任能够显著影响团队整体的创新绩效,且知识共享和团队创新氛围在科研团队信任与团队创新绩效间起中介作用。这表明科研团队管理者应当积极关注团队内部科研人员之间的人际互动因素,重视营造和谐、信任的团队创新氛围,实现团队的知识共享,进而促进整个科研团队的创新绩效不断提升。