三十年代初左翼文学与现实主义理论

在中国现代文学史上，现实主义的历史感召力并非建立在理论的元话语意义上，而是取决于中国社会的内在渴望和必然需求。对于三十年代左翼理论界而言，“现实主义”从来就是理论上的预设。左翼文学的几次理论调整，从新写实主义到唯物辩证法的创作方法再到社会主义的现实主义，都未能解决作为现实主义理论核心的真实性与主体性问题，从而使现实主义偏离求真之路，成为延伸至当代的文化遗传。     

Dancing Ourselves to Death: The Subject of Emma Goldman's Nietzschean Anarchism

Abstract

This article draws together two lively and provocative radical theorists, Emma Goldman and Friedrich Nietzsche, and suggests that a reading at their intersections can inspire political thought, action, and resistance in particular ways. The argument is framed through and productive of a particular archetype which emerges from a reading of these thinkers, that of The Dancer. Both Goldman and Nietzsche have been noted for their affect-laden reflections on dance, as an image of the subject which evades capture within the frameworks of discipline, morality, and ressentiment and which instead commits to a ceaseless and creative insurrection of- and- against the self. Here, I argue that through this image of The Dancer we can conceptualise a form of critical or anarchic subjectivity which can provocatively interpret and inspire radical political action. In the article I look at some of the ways in which dance has formed an important component of radical politics. However I also argue that dance as understood in the terms established through Goldman and Nietzsche moves beyond corporeal performance, indicating a more general ethos of the subject, one of perpetual movement, creativity, and auto-insurrection. I also reflect on the difficulties involved in the idea of ‘self-creation’; as we can see from the more problematic dimensions of Goldman's thought, creation is an ethically and ontologically ambiguous concept which, when affirmed too easily, can serve to mask the subtleties by which relations of domination persist. With this in mind, the article goes on to discuss what it might mean to ‘dance to death’, to negotiate the burden of transvaluation, limitless responsibility, and perpetual struggle which these two thinkers evoke, in the service of a creative and limitless radical political praxis.     

现代文学的审美超越性与现实功利的羁绊

文学的超越性是以它的现实性为基础的,中国现代文学所面临的问题不在于它是否反映了现实,而在于对现实的功利性态度局限了它对现实的深入表现.一方面,现实功利性文化的制约把现代文学的关注点牢牢地吸附在社会政治实践上,使文学难以在探索范围和深度上有大的突破;另一方面,中国传统的以"正德"实践为目标的超越模式既使作家强调事功而忽视对"真"的探索,也使作家的主体意识受到抑制.这正是现代文学的超越性困境之所在.     

进取与迷失:程序员实习生的职业生活

本研究以某外卖公司中程序员实习生的甘愿“被制造”为例，探讨了不稳定工作中的主体性建构问题，发现程序员实习生在互联网行业的训导下，习惯于将自我物化为特定的可计数的劳动产品，或是被认为是职业发展“通行证”的技术等级，并认定只有在互联网企业中而非学校、国企或外企中才能成就这种进取自我。尽管“导师-实习生”的关系以及凸显男性气质的性别游戏也构成了游戏可选择的一部分，但它们非但没有挑战，还在相当程度上强化了进取自我，即不断提升自己技术等级的逻辑。然而，在程序员实习生被循环和无感的时间所蒙蔽，以及私人生活被极大压缩的情况下，进取自我游戏的结果注定是大多数人的自我迷失。     

以传统"艺术心性论"会解西方美学--1949年以前中国学者接受西方美学影响的一个结构性倾向

本文把中国美学对西方美学的接受作为一典型的阐释学境域.在此境域中,中国学者对西方美学的接受与阐释显示出了一种普遍的结构性倾向,即用老庄一脉思想所模塑的传统"艺术心性论"来会解西方近代以来的美学,此"艺术心性论"隐蔽地发挥着融合中西--形成新的美学知识范式的结构性作用.由此剖析了王国维、宗白华、朱光潜三大家美学思想中未明言的艺术层面和由此产生的对西方美学的"误解".     

Journeying Toward the Nation(al): Cultural Difference at the Crossroads of Old and New Globalisations

The superimposition of new migratory flows linked to post‐Cold War global realignments upon older migratory flows marked by the global alignments of colonialism have profoundly marked contemporary Britain. Alongside policies and practices of security aimed especially at Muslims, struggles over the meaning of the plurality of cultural forms signalled by ‘multiculturalism’ have assumed a central place in government, media and popular discourse as the provenance and scope of Britishness and citizenship are debated in attempts to foster social cohesion. Against this context, and with specific reference to the British Caribbean population, this article explores the shifting subject positions and subjectivities that are constituted in the crucible of cultural difference and multiple forms of border crossing, and the anxieties these produce as they expose the instabilities inherent in the constitution of nation and national belonging.     

The outside and family therapy: A perspective from the relational thinking of Gilles Deleuze

This article was inspired by a reflection on what unfolded with the COVID-19 virus, especially how it brought to light the interconnectedness of individual and collective well-being. This calls for a reassessment of the family therapy approach, which has traditionally focussed on the internal dynamics of the family to explain problems faced by individuals inside the family system without taking into account social, political and historical aspects. This approach, which is referred to in the article as ‘familialism,’ is challenged using the relational philosophy put forward by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, and a fresh viewpoint is also given from the concept of the ‘outside.’ This outside perspective seeks to prevent the family system from closing in on itself, allowing for the creation of open systems. By doing so, it is argued, it is possible to incorporate different elements of the social, political and historical order in therapeutic practice and prevent underestimating the complexity of the human experience.     

无序和虚空:后现代伦理存在的破碎

后现代伦理存在从主体性虚空到社会的道德虚空,无一不表现着破碎的样子,建立在封建纲常基础上的旧有伦理秩序被废弃、符合新时期社会期望的伦理存在方式还没有成熟。伦理主体存在着,却以没有主体的方式存在,存在以身体的呈现模式承载着自我和社会的破碎状态,以渴望和探索的姿态正在生成,主体理性也在不断的反思和对话中,拯救着迅速蔓延的虚空。     

Negotiating Gendered Subjectivity in the Enterprise Culture: Metaphor and Entrepreneurial Discourses

An enterprise culture is one in which ‘certain enterprising qualities — such as self reliance, personal responsibility, boldness and a willingness to take risks in the pursuit of goals — are regarded as human virtues and promoted as such’. Work is not seen as a constraint upon the individual but rather as an opportunity for self‐fulfilment. The pervasiveness of enterprise culture has led to observations that it influences aspects of social life beyond the workplace. However, the kind of self that is imagined in enterprise culture is also a male self, with female entrepreneurship measured against a male norm. In this article, then, we present evidence of metaphor as a strategy for coping with the gendered expectations embodied by life in enterprise culture. We show how metaphor is simultaneously an index of and a resource for understanding gendered subjectivities in enterprise culture.     

The Politics of Pain and the End of Empire

This article is a discussion of the role of feeling and emotion, and particularly the experience of pain, in contemporary global political events. In placing pain at the center of an analysis of a lived experience of global politics, the aim is to forge strategies to resist neoliberal imperialism and to create emotionally literate political communities. Drawing on the work of Elaine Scarry, Sara Ahmed and Frantz Fanon, the article situates the concept of emotions in a modern colonial landscape that is both racialized and gendered, complicated by neoliberalism as a subjectivity that contains the scope for emotions. As a case study, the article considers the emotions of viewing the deliberate infliction of pain through the circulation of the ‘Abu Ghraib photos’, particularly in the form of recent museum exhibitions in the USA.