庄园之爱：论《曼斯菲尔德庄园》的空间隐喻

《曼斯菲尔德庄园》里建构了曼斯菲尔德庄园、朴次茅斯和伦敦三个主要空间,小说在空间对比中展现出庄园的空间特性：美好舒适的生活空间、遵礼守制的道德空间、幸福的家园。小说以空间隐喻的方式层层赞美了庄园这一空间,也由此表达了简．奥斯丁最英国的思想：对乡村田园生活的热爱、对英国绅士文化的推崇、对传统家庭伦理观的维护。本文的空间批评视野为理解“庄园”这一简．奥斯丁小说中最显著的空间形象提供了一种有意义的解读。     

维特根斯坦和奥斯汀的哲学治疗思想比较

哲学不是与各门科学并列的,它是对各门科学的前提与概念进行反思。由于语言在蛊惑我们的理智,我们很容易产生概念的混乱。哲学是针对这种蛊惑所做的斗争,是对我们所使用的概念进行考察,重新清理理论的地基。维特根斯坦与奥斯汀这两位重要的语言哲学家都把哲学的任务看作是这样一种思想治疗活动。     

商务合同中暗示条款的言语行为理论探析

《合同法》规定合同条款分为明示条款和暗示条款。暗示条款无需在合同中以文字的形式出现,但需要当事人双方通过正常的思维能推断出来。法律和语言之间的关系不是孤立的。语言学家约翰·兰肖·奥斯汀的言语行为理论既是《合同法》中暗示条款存在的语言学基础,又是对《合同法》中暗示条款进行司法解释的有力证据,它影响、制约着《合同法》中暗示条款的存在、发展和应用。     

Influence of advertising on acceptance of press releases

To analyze the influence of advertising on the acceptance of press releases, this study examined two national and two local newspapers. The results of this study show that journalists and editors partially consider advertisers while selecting press releases. Specifically, local newspapers give more consideration to advertisers than national newspapers. However, when journalists and editors select press releases, they consider not only advertisers but the newsworthiness of the press releases.     

女性生存的审视与超越

《傲慢与偏见》中的贝内特太太无知粗俗、愚昧依附、自我迷失,反应了当时女性主体意识缺失的社会现状,诸如女性智力教育权利的被剥夺、婚姻的依附以及人格魅力的缺失等等。本文从女性主义文学批评的角度,通过对贝内特太太和追求独立女性意识的伊丽莎白的对比分析,凸显了奥斯汀所倡导的男女智力平等的教育观、爱情第一的婚姻观、独立思考的人生观。     

简·奥斯丁的创作生命——反讽艺术

反讽是简·奥斯丁创作的一大艺术特色,是奥斯丁小说的本质和生命,奥斯丁凭着它对生活进行概括和微妙的批评,间接隐讳的表达了自己的思想和观点。     

简·奥斯丁的小说《爱玛》中反讽的艺术特色

根据曼·赫·艾布拉姆斯对反讽的定义和德·柯·缪克的反讽学的理论,结合叙事学的阅读方法,重新观照简·奥斯丁的小说《爱玛》,解读出小说的美学意义主要在于其反讽结构:即通过塑造一个幼稚而自负的女主人公并使她成为一系列反讽的对象(因其自以为是的臆测一次次在现实中遭受挫败),而向读者展现了一个从幼稚走向成熟并最终获得幸福的女性的故事。同时指出,结构反讽的运用也使读者成为反讽主体而能够积极参与小说的反讽——亦即它的艺术性的建构。     

女性主义意识由感性向理智的转变——解读简·奥斯丁的《理智与情感》

在《理智与情感》中,理智的埃丽诺和感性的玛丽安是两个性格差异极大的姐妹,他们对这部作品中三位男主人公截然不同的态度,体现了姐妹两人理智与情感的对立,但当妹妹玛丽安为自己的感性付出了沉重的代价之后,她的态度由感性逐渐转化为理性。     

解析Austin语用哲学的缘起

Austin是语用学科的导引者和奠基人,他以哲学的视角创立了语用学研究的核心理论-言语行为理论,借以阐释游离于形式逻辑之外的自然语言。分析了Austin形式逻辑存在的困顿,阐述其语用论的意义观,在此基础上分析了Austin言语行为理论的基本特征,认为Austin言语行为理论扩大了语言意义的维度,加深了音义结构的句法深度。     

Sociologist Austin Turk and Policing: Structural Reinforcers and Reversals of the Positional Authority of Police

Austin Turk (1969) offers a distinctly sociological explanation of policing by theorizing that structural reinforcers (e.g., older police officer, younger citizen) and reversals (e.g., younger police officer, older citizen) of the situationally absolute positional authority of police officers affect the relationship between police officers and citizens. To this point, however, there have been only three direct tests of Turk’s theory ( Greenleaf and Lanza‐Kaduce, 1995 ; Lanza‐Kaduce and Greenleaf, 2000 ; Weidner and Terrill, 2005 ). All have examined overt conflict and the results are mixed. The present research therefore adds a fourth test of Turk’s (1969) theory to the sociological literature by examining the effects of structural reinforcers and reversals on citizens’ perceptions of the legitimacy and propriety of police actions during routine traffic stop encounters. Net of control measures, including the legal reason for the traffic stop, and extra‐legal measures, such as driver gender, the data provide modest to strong support for parts of Turk’s (1969) theory and absolutely no support for others. The conclusion of the present study is that more research is needed to determine whether Turk (1969) is correct in theorizing that there is a sociology, and not just a social psychology, to police‐citizen encounters.