固气相变蒸发热的计算

用固体的Einstein模型与Debye模型分别导出相应模型的固气相变的蒸发热和蒸发压公式，并对其做数值计算。结果表明，蒸发热与温度之间近似呈线性关系,之与工程上经验近似是一致的。     

Applying stage-gate processes to technology development—Experience from six hardware-oriented companies

The stage gate model has been proposed for application to uncertain technology development. Reports on industrial experience from such implementations are quite limited, however. This led us to explore in six companies what adaptations have been made to facilitate the model's usefulness for technology development and the companies’ experiences from their practical application of the model. Our results indicate that aspects proven important for the operational success, or failure, of the model include the level of adaptation to the characteristics of technology development and a more flexible use than that normally found in product development.     

The fusion of culture and science: Challenges and controversies of cultural competency and evidence-based practice with an African American family advocacy network

This paper identifies interrelationships between evidence-based practice (EBP), radical structuralism, and culture, arguing that culturally-specific beliefs and norms should be integrated into evidence-based, cross-cultural partnerships within child and family service systems. A single case study of family advocate training in evidence-based practice is provided as an illustration of, and impetus for, the development of a format for use with community-based and ethnically-diverse parent/family advocates. The lessons learned from teaching evidence-based practice to a parent advocate in a particular child welfare service system are highlighted. The use of enhanced roles for social workers and indigenous social capital and resources, such as family advocates as allies, is recommended to help achieve a greater degree of accountability, cooperation, and core understanding in the use of EBP. By training racially-diverse foster parents as mental health advocates to work collaboratively with policymakers, community groups, and family participants, proponents of EBP will reach and benefit more diverse populations.     

Making social policy work for economic development: the Nordic experience

The Nordic welfare states offer some lessons in a development context. A main achievement has been sustainable poverty reduction. Another important lesson is that, while democratization often leads to greater pressures for social policy expansion, social policy can also contribute to democratization. The Nordic countries further demonstrate that is possible to unify social protection with a competitive and growth-oriented economy. In a number of policy areas, particularly in relation to social services and labor market policy, the Nordic countries have also become leading modernizers. The women-friendly dual-earner model not only combats poverty among families with children, but also enables women to participate in the labor market. The future sustainability of the Nordic model of social policy hinges on the number of taxpayers that can be mobilized. In order to be successful in this, governments need to take a combined, or holistic, approach, and consider both micro motives and macro considerations.     

支持MLS的多层次嵌入式高可信软件架构

为增强安全关键系统的高可信能力,在分析高可信保障机制现状的基础上,提出了一种多层次的高可信软件架构。该架构采用时空分离思想、虚拟机技术,为基于MLS的嵌入式安全关键系统提供了一种整体解决方案。基于该架构,研究了多层次的安全和防危策略管理方法、信息流控制机制、可信软件的评估和认证方法,为安全关键嵌入式系统提供可认证的安全服务。     

Fire Risks in Oil Refineries: Economic Analysis of Camera Monitoring

A probabilistic method is presented to evaluate the economic value of fire monitoring by closed circuit TV camera in petroleum refineries. The proposed model is restricted to the analysis of risk reduction in an area where fires can be caused either by pump failure or by failure of valves and lines. The benefits come from reducing the time during which the fire grows undetected. Fire growth and expected values of losses are analyzed by a Markov model that includes five phases: (1) active undetected growth, (2) detection, (3) fire growth at the beginning of the firemen's intervention, (4) fire control, and (5) fire extinction. The results (e.g., the expected net present value of the investment) show that the proposed monitoring investment is attractive for an illustrative example.     

多圈层——中心辐射式选题策划模式

目前选题策划在我国出版界处于起步和尝试阶段,受到出版界的高度重视.本文在对比分析若干策划模式利弊的基础上,提出一种"多圈层-中心辐射式"的选题策划模式.该模式是指建立以社长、总编为核心、以编辑室主任和发行部门负责人为骨干、以广大编辑为补充的三层策划网络系统.该模式强调全编辑职能扩展,能够调动各层面人员的积极性,形成选题策划合力,避免或减少人员之间的感情隔阂和选题策划的盲目性.     

学习型企业知识创新的模式与推进因素

学习型企业的本质就是共同知识的创新。学习型企业的知识创新有组织化、外在化、组合化和内在化四种基本形式,要经历一个“自中向上再向下”的过程,它明显优于“自上而下”或“自下而上”的传统模式。推进学习型企业知识创新的主要因素有共同知识的发展远景、知识资产管理、员工自主性、不稳定状态、创造性无序、冗余信息、员工之间的关爱与信任。     

基于核心制造规范的外包决策模型及实证研究

本文将制造规范概念引入外包决策,从考虑企业长期绩效和长期竞争力的角度提出了一个以制造规范核心度和流失度为控制变量的二维外包决策模型。决策模型将外包环境分为九种类型,涵盖了从内部制造、各种形式的外包,到简单采购等所有"买或做"的决策,尤其是对介于自制与简单采购之间灰色地带的外包,给出了考虑提供制造规范主体和供应商类型的不同类型合作和联盟治理结构策略。对四个不同类型的企业典型产品近1000个零件的外包决策进行了统计分析,实证了模型的有效性。模型对现实世界观察到的制造企业由于没有按照其中规律行事而导致失败的原因做出了合理而明确解释。     

短期物流整合情形下的供应商评价模型

在供应链管理(SCM)和虚拟制造组织(VMO)中,供应商的评价和选择是一个研究的热点;近年来已有学者提出,用主观方法来评价和选择供应商和实践是有差异的;本文从实际数据出发,针对发展中国家常见的短期物流整合情形,试图提出一个系统分析模型来探讨这个问题。