Performance measurement system contingency factors: a cross analysis of Italian and Indian SMEs

Recent studies have highlighted the presence of a strong relationship between performance measurement systems (PMSs) and corporate governance structures in European firms. Taking into account the growing economic relevance of developing countries, we investigated the role of corporate governance structure as a PMS contingency factor in Italian and Indian SMEs using a multiple case-study approach. The results show that the first development of a PMS was determined by two different factors; in Italian SMEs, the changes in the corporate governance structure promoted the implementation of an advanced PMS, while in Indian SMEs, environmental changes pushed the development of the PMS without affecting any modification in the corporate governance structure. Moreover, after the adoption of an advanced (or almost advanced) performance management system, relevant environmental changes or the positive impacts of the PMS use, were enough to promote further development of the system in both Italian and Indian SMEs, without any change in the corporate governance structure.     

L_(CR)波切向应力检测系统的声时测量研究

该文提出了一种基于声弹性理论,利用临界折射纵波(LCR)从表面测量零件内部切向应力的实验方案,并依据固体中超声波传播特性与零件内部应力状态的关系,搭建了基于传播声时的切向应力测量系统。系统中临界折射纵波在被测零件内传播声时的测量采用"过零检测"方式,以减小由不同电子器件间性能差异所造成的测量误差,并利用时间-数字转换芯片实现高精度的时间间隔测量,从而提高整个系统的测量准确性。     

The use of variance components for the assessment of outcome measures in rheumatology

There is current interest in the development of new or improved outcome measures for rheumatological diseases. In the early stages of development, attention is usually directed to how well the measure distinguishes between patients and whether different observers attach similar values of the measure to the same patient. An approach, based on variance components, to the assessment of outcome measures is presented. The need to assess different aspects of variation associated with a measure is stressed. The terms ‘observer reliability’ and ‘agreement’ are frequently used in the evaluation of measurement instruments, and are often used interchangeably. In this paper, we use the terms to refer to different concepts assessing different aspects of variation. They are likely to correspond well in heterogeneous populations, but not in homogeneous populations where reliability will generally be low but agreement may well be high. Results from a real patient exercise, designed to study a set of tools for assessing myositis outcomes, are used to illustrate the approach that examines both reliability and agreement, and the need to evaluate both is demonstrated. A new measure of agreement, based on the ratio of standard deviations, is presented and inference procedures are discussed. To facilitate the interpretation of the combination of measures of reliability and agreement, a classification system is proposed that provides a summary of the performance of the tools. The approach is demonstrated for discrete ordinal and continuous outcomes.     

A guide for supply chain integration in SMEs

Supply chain integration (SCI) is a competitive business approach for enterprises that has not been implemented as widely as expected in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). One of the factors explaining this low level of application is the lack of methodologies to develop SCI that fit the characteristics of this type of enterprise. In this article, we present a methodology that enables SMEs to achieve correct SCI in a manner that is simple, straightforward and oriented towards their particular characteristics. Thus, SMEs will be able to align and coordinate the aims, resources, decisions, methods, business processes and employees involved in the supply chain. The methodology addresses the problem of SMEs SCI and it was produced by applying the case study research method to 30 industrial SMEs. The methodology is organised in phases and the activities to be performed, the techniques and supporting tools to be used, as well as the expected outcomes are all described for each phase. With this methodology, it becomes possible to overcome the main barriers that prevent SMEs from achieving a correct integration of their supply chains. In addition to the methodology, this article also outlines the significant benefits observed in the 30 enterprises as a result of its application.     

基于三维磁场的机械伤残控制系统

系统以AT89C52单片机为控制单元,介绍了一种由4个线性霍尔传感器构成三维磁场测量的机械伤残控制系统.将含有磁体的特殊物品佩戴在手腕上,利用系统测量磁体与“0”点的距离,间接地检测“人手”的位置,以达到保护人体的目的.该系统具有结构新颖、电路简单、控制准确、生产成本低廉和体积小巧等优点,特别适合应用于机械设备的安全控制.     

企业项目管理培训中存在的问题及对策研究——以河南为例

以河南市场为例,根据调查了解的情况,针对企业项目管理培训中存在的问题,从宣传推广、培训方法、培训内容、绩效衡量等方面提出了几点应对策略。     

雷达群组网中几种目标跟踪滤波器的比较

在雷达群组网目标跟踪中,目标量测在雷达各自的坐标系下,而目标跟踪却在公共坐标系下,针对这种混合坐标系下异地雷达目标跟踪问题,通常解决这类跟踪问题的滤波算法有CMKF法和EKF法.文中从测量误差模型出发,给出了适用于群组网目标跟踪算法的推导过程,并且通过仿真实验和分析,比较了几种算法的优缺点并给出了结论.     

地铁区间隧道穿越京山铁路施工控制技术

北京地铁五号线区间隧道蒲黄榆至天坛东门段在玉蜓桥两侧下穿京山铁路，隧道埋深17 m。为保证既有线运营安全，采用全断面帷幕注浆预加固技术，监控量测结果表明路基沉降可以满足要求。     

Third-party logistics selection problem: A literature review on criteria and methods

This paper presents a literature review on Third-Party Logistics (3PL) selection decision in terms of criteria and methods. Based on the analysis of 67 articles published within 1994–2013 period, this review reveals that 3PL selection is empirical in nature and is related to a region/country, industrial sector, and logistics activities outsourced. In terms of 3PL selection criteria, 11 key criteria are identified; each one is defined by a set of attributes. Cost is the most widely adopted criterion, followed by relationship, services, and quality. In terms of methods for 3PL evaluation, they can be categorized in 5 groups, namely: MCDM techniques, statistical approaches, artificial intelligence, mathematical programming, and hybrid methods.     

提高热平衡积分法精确度的一种新方法

提出了一种新的误差测量函数,通过确定误差测量函数的最小值,寻求形式为多项式的温度近似函数的最高次数n的取值.该方法避免了Langford所提出的“当t趋于0时,误差测量函数的误差趋于无穷”的不足之处.算例表明新方法比2012年Myers与Mitchell提出的改进的误差测量法精度更高.