我国企业人力资本股权激励方式及其现实选择

随着人力资源在企业运行中的作用日趋重要以及人们对“人力资本”认识的不断深化,以人力资本所有者为主要激励对象的股权激励方法在企业具体的应用中不断创新、发展,衍生出多种类型的股权激励方式。各种股权激励方式的激励制约作用各有千秋。各企业应根据企业各自的行业特点、企业本身现金流量的情况以及其他薪酬方式选择适合自己的股权激励方式。     

浅谈资本有机构成的提高与人力资本投资

资本有机构成的提高是历史发展的必然趋势,然而资本有机构成的提高也必然会引发周期性的经济危机。为了缓解这一矛盾,我们可以在资本技术构成提高的前提下,让资本的价值构成保持不变或者提高得慢一些。我们可以通过政府的宏观调控,加大对人力资本的投资,从而提高劳动力价值,让不变资本与可变资本的增长率尽可能保持同步,从而避免经济危机的发生。     

Applied Capital Budgeting with Cash Flow Dependencies*

This article provides decision makers with a method of determining the variability and acceptability of a major capital investment. The model used here differs from previous models in that it does not use simulation, nor does it require a normal distribution for the cash flow component. Further, it has no restrictions on whether cash flows are dependent. An example of the technique is included.     

INFLATION,MAINTENANCE OF CAPITAL,AND THE IRR MODEL: AN APPRAISAL AND ALTERNATIVE

Capital budgeting under inflationary conditions presents some additional implementation problems when computing the internal rate of return. This paper reviews an earlier proposal made in this journal and concludes that it has some technical deficiencies. Further, it does not have the flexibility needed to be congruent with a wide variety of concepts of capital maintenance and asset evaluation. An algorithm is developed that will permit the user to make a variety of assumptions and then solve for the IRR that is consistent with those assumptions.     

A Stochastic,Psychometric Valuation Model for Personnel Selection Systems*

This paper describes a method for the valuation of personnel selection systems that is based on contributions from accounting, utility theory, psychometric techniques, Markov processes, labor economics, and present-value analysis. The model developed here can be used by managers to assess the usefulness of proposed selection procedures. It extends previous work in the area by including both the stochastic nature of the employment process and the time value of the associated costs and benefits.     

A case study of Congressional hostility to agency public relations: The Federal Reserve and Senator Heflin, 1922

This is an historical case study of one US Senator's effort to reduce the public information activities of a federal agency. In 1922, Senator Thomas Heflin, an opponent of the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank, took especial umbrage at the Bank's use of public relations to reply to his own attacks on it. This is an example of a politician trying to muzzle government public relations regardless of fairness or reciprocity.     

社会转型与社会分层结构变迁：理论与问题

文章认为在社会变迁的背景下讨论社会分层结构的变化主要涉及二个主题———社会分层模式的变化及规律和社会不平等的变化及规律。然而,由于现有的研究成果关注的是社会不平等问题,为此,本文就结合有关的中西方理论对中国社会转型过程所发生社会分层结构变迁问题进行一些理论上的探讨。     

金融集聚与产业结构升级关系的实证研究——以甘肃省为例

文章首先利用主成分分析法对甘肃省2001—2012年的金融集聚水平进行测算,结果显示甘肃省金融业存在集聚趋势。随后利用单位根检验、协整检验、误差修正模型以及格兰杰因果关系检验等方法对甘肃省金融集聚水平与产业结构升级之间的关系进行实证研究,结果表明甘肃省金融集聚水平和产业结构升级在长期和短期内都存在均衡关系,但二者之间的因果关系并不明显,金融集聚对产业结构升级的促进作用非常有限。文章最后就如何提高甘肃省的金融集聚水平以促进产业结构升级提出了相应的建议。     

VaR的有效性评价研究

以巴林银行和LTCM案例为背景,通过分析指出:1.VaR是一种标准化的模型,明确量化投资组合的风险;2.VaR以历史资料为基础运算,一些概率小却十分致命的离群反常事件并不包含在内;3.基于VaR模型本身的风险,在应用此模型时,应与内部模型、回顾测试及压力测试相结合使用;4.风险管理不仅仅包括VaR等模型和公式,更包括公司风险控制与管理制度的完善,诸如内部稽核、外部审计和独立评估风险等。     

人力资本、资本存量与区域差异——基于东西部地区经济增长的实证研究

现代经济增长理论研究中越来越重视人力资本的作用,专业化人力资本投资在经济增长中起着加速作用.人力资本、资本存量因素对于解释区域差距的作用日益受到重视.改革开放以来东西部地区经济增长差距呈现出日渐扩大的趋势,通过实证检验,从要素贡献率来看,东部地区的物质资本存量对经济增长的作用高于西部地区;而无差别的劳动力投入对东部地区的贡献明显小于西部地区;但是,东部地区人力资本外部性对经济增长的推动作用要大于西部地区,这与西部地区人力资本存量的规模较低有直接的关系.因此在目前的情况下,制约我国西部发展的关键因素是地区人均人力资本水平.为了减小中西部经济增长的差异,应该采取对西部新的投资理念,加强对不发达地区的基础教育投入,提高人力资本质量,深度开发西部地区人力资本等一系列新的政策,营造一个有利于人力资源开发的经济环境和社会环境,尽快消除东西部经济增长差距.