An approach to use of an adaptive procedure to clinical trials for molecularly heterogenous subject selection at interim

Abstract

For clinical trials, molecular heterogeneity has played a more important role recently. Many novel clinical trial designs prospectively incorporate molecular information to evaluation of treatment effects. In this paper, an adaptive procedure incorporating a non-pre-specified genomic biomarker is employed in the interim of a conventional trial. A non-pre-specified binary genomic biomarker, which is predictive of treatment effect, is used to classify study patients into two mutually exclusive subgroups at the interim review. According to the observations at the interim stage, adaptations such as adjusting sample size or shifting eligibility of study patients are then made in case of different scenarios.     

Optimal planning of phase II/III programs for clinical trials with multiple endpoints

Owing to increased costs and competition pressure, drug development becomes more and more challenging. Therefore, there is a strong need for improving efficiency of clinical research by developing and applying methods for quantitative decision making. In this context, the integrated planning for phase II/III programs plays an important role as numerous quantities can be varied that are crucial for cost, benefit, and program success. Recently, a utility‐based framework has been proposed for an optimal planning of phase II/III programs that puts the choice of decision boundaries and phase II sample sizes on a quantitative basis. However, this method is restricted to studies with a single time‐to‐event endpoint. We generalize this procedure to the setting of clinical trials with multiple endpoints and (asymptotically) normally distributed test statistics. Optimal phase II sample sizes and go/no‐go decision rules are provided for both the “all‐or‐none” and “at‐least‐one” win criteria. Application of the proposed method is illustrated by drug development programs in the fields of Alzheimer disease and oncology.     

二十一世纪以来我国卓越幼儿教师专业成长研究述评 ——基于CiteSpaceⅢ的可视化分析

通过统计中国知网及国家数字图书馆的相关文献,运用可视化分析软件CiteSpaceⅢ绘制图谱发现,本世纪以来有关卓越幼儿教师专业成长研究总体趋向深入,一些核心问题仍处在起步阶段,其中基于管理学、生态学、哲学、心理学等视角对卓越幼儿教师专业成长现状、影响因素和促进途径等的探讨成为该领域研究热点。展望未来,卓越幼儿教师培养应把借鉴国外先进知识理念与国内实践经验的总结与推广有机结合;在重视个体成长的同时充分发挥集体的作用;同时,充分利用好“互联网+”时代背景下的教育资源优势。     

论危险废物越境转移的法律控制--《巴塞尔公约》和《巴马科公约》比较研究

20世纪80年代开始,国际社会认识到危险废物的越境转移问题,并通过制定国际公约对此进行控制,取得了明显的成效。其中全球性的《巴塞尔公约》和区域性的《巴马科公约》是控制危险废物越境转移的代表性公约。本文通过对这两者进行比较来说明国际社会对危险废物越境转移的法律控制的得与失。     

Is Integrated Reporting the silver bullet of financial communication? A stakeholder perspective from South Africa

Companies are being forced to critically re-evaluate how they communicate their financial information to stakeholders. Integrated Reporting, as mandated by the King III Report seeks to combine the reporting of financial and nonfinancial performance measures in a way that promotes corporate strategy. South Africa is leading the way in corporate governance and financial reporting with the first large-scale adoption of Integrated Reporting by listed companies. While there is a marked increase in financial communication from companies, it is not clear how all stakeholders use and value this information. The primary aim of this paper was to investigate how financial information is consumed within the ambit of the new financial reporting standards. Through a national online survey, this study found that very few stakeholders use the Integrated Reports as their main source of financial and investment information, and that these reports are seen as additional information. Annual and interim financial reports by companies are still the mainstay for corporate financial information. While stakeholders currently seldom use the Internet for financial information, they have indicated that they would increasingly prefer to do so. The paper concludes with a discussion of opportunities and challenges that future Integrated Reporting faces based on these findings.     

互联网+中小科技创新型企业纳税筹划研究

中小科技创新型企业已成为中国经济发展的重要组织形式,对经济和社会发展影响巨大。随着互联网智慧税务严征管时代的到来,我国中小科技创新型企业开展纳税筹划非常具有现实意义。界定了中小科技创新型企业和纳税筹划的概念,纳税筹划时应遵循的原则,分析当前中小科技创新型企业纳税筹划所面临的问题,并针对这些遇到的问题提出应对措施,建议企业从享受国家税收优惠政策、日常业务处理的税务管理、生产经营活动与财务融合、投融资活动及企业战略管理几个层面实施纳税筹划。     

国产仙侠剧《青云志》和《三生三世十里桃花》的叙事创新

从2005年《仙剑奇侠传》的火热开播至今,仙侠剧创造了一系列的收视记录.这股延续十多年的仙侠热潮,已成为一个值得关注的文化现象.近期热播的仙侠大剧《青云志》和《三生三世十里桃花》在继承仙侠剧一贯的叙事风格之上又有了创新之处:融入了女性主义叙事特质的《三生三世十里桃花》,将故事呈现视角以及英雄人物角色都向女性偏移,且赋予了女主人公新时代女性的一些特质,凸显了女性主体意识;而《青云志》则打破了传统仙侠剧正邪对立的叙事观念,在宏观上构建起一种众生平等、正邪无界的价值观.     

基于风险调整的运营效率研究——以台湾银行业为例

针对金融机构风险容忍度的关键指标:资本、获利、财务弹性、银行特许价值,以及《巴塞尔资本协议》III关注的表外资产与金融衍生品隐含嵌入杠杆,作为风险调整的投入和产出,构建台湾金控集团下属银行的效率评估体系。结果表明:第一,银行效率排名有强者恒强趋势,在拟定具有稳定性与一贯性的风险容忍度后,除了形成银行特有的风险文化与经营特色外,还能够维持稳定绩效,对于市场品牌价值将有显著的提升;第二,风险调整后的效率与监管指标相关程度较高,表示考虑风险后的运营更容易满足监管者管控要求;第三,低流动性风险(低贷存比)风险管理优势带来较高的风险调整后效率,然而贷款普遍存在流动性差的特征,银行应加强优质合格存款与资产的流动性管理,避免过度依靠贷款(高贷存比)而降低自身经营效率;最后,台湾利率市场化造成利差逐渐缩小,较快的放款增速却无法提高风险调整后的效率,资产管理与财务管理等中间业务收入将是台湾银行结构转型的重点业务。     

I,that am curtailed

ABSTRACT

The essay investigates desire in Shakespeare’s Richard III as connected to Deleuze and Guattari’s line of flight and war machine. By following the drawing of the line of flight of betrayal and the setting of Richard’s war machine, and by investigating the constitution of his character as a Body without organs, it traces the production of the plane of immanence of a differential subjectivity where desire is free to become.     

A formula for Type III sums of squares

Abstract

Type III methods were introduced by SAS to address difficulties in dummy-variable models for effects of multiple factors and covariates. They are widely used in practice; they are the default method in several statistical computing packages. Type III sums of squares (SSs) are defined by a set of instructions; an explicit mathematical formulation does not seem to exist.

An explicit formulation is derived in this paper. It is used to illustrate Type III SSs and to establish their properties in the two-factor ANOVA model.