积极心理学视角下大学生心理健康教育实效性研究

积极心理学是当今时代下心理学界所兴起的一种全新的研究领域,并在一定程度上应用到了大学的心理健康教育当中,从而能够在一定程度上,增加教育的时效性。通过积极心理学的教学观念,将心理学视角下的健康教育深入大学生的日常教学当中,进而能够深入挖掘以及培养大学生的积极心理品质,全面优化大学生的心理教育的环境,进而用更加先进的积极心理学理念,指导并帮助大学生构建更加完善的心理观念。     

澳门土地制度改变及其影响与纱纸契合法性问题

澳门基本法第七条规定,澳门境内的土地和自然资源,除在澳门特区成立前已依法确认的私有土地外,属于国家所有。土地制度的改变、土地所有权的改变,除了涉及澳门土地所属问题,还涉及澳门特区的成立和基本法的实施对澳门原有法律制度和司法程序的影响。具代表性的案例是去年澳门特区终审法院就观音堂地段的所有权和使用权的民事诉讼案所作出的裁决:在特区成立前未获依法确认为私有的土地,特区成立后就成为国家所有,也不能通过司法裁判确认这些土地的所有权或利用权为私有,无论有关诉讼是在特区成立之前还是之后提起的。也就是说,澳门从此再也不会有新的私人业权土地了,连"和平占有"也不能了。土地制度改变所带来的影响,可从上述观音堂地段的官司反映出来,未来可能还涉及棘手的离岛土地"纱纸契"的法律地位问题。本文以终审法院的有关裁决为例,进而讨论土地制度的改变对于土地"纱纸契"问题的影响。     

农民工生存现状与和谐城市构建

城市化进程中的民工潮是中国由传统农业社会向现代工业社会过渡的大势所趋。随着城镇二三产业发展加快,农民工进入城市的人数逐渐增多,已经事实上成为城市建设者和生存者的一员（社会阶层）。但在城市GDP大幅增长的同时,农民工与城镇居民在现实生活方面的差距却越来越大,已经严重地影响到社会的稳定发展。当前,农民工的生存、发展同题应当引起各级政府部门的高度重视。只有真正做到农民工在政治权益、经济待遇上的公平、公正,才能保证社会的和谐发展。     

交汇契合与并行发展——探寻高等师范教育改革与基础教育改革的共同之路

基础教育与高等师范教育是人才成长的摇篮,而且是教育的两个不同等级的环节.基础教育对中小学生基本素质的形成与知识能力的培养起着不可替代的作用,基础教育质量的提高取决于中小学教师质量的提高;高等师范教育及高等师范院校是学生素质提升与能力提高的关键时期,高等师范教育的目标是为基础教育服务,双方的合作与交流是成功培养人才的需求和必由之路.     

和谐之道与西南民族教育

构筑和谐社会是人类发展的必然要求,核心是符合和谐之道.和谐之道含义至深,它不是走向一统,不是追求显在问题的简单解决,而是以让各种多样性的事物以各自的特色融入一体为目的.据此,遵循和谐之道应理顺四大关系:人类社会与自然、文化与文化、人与人和人自身内部.西南地区的发展特点是多类型并存与发展水平的参差巨大,因此要使其得到和谐发展必须在西南的民族教育中遵循和谐之道,进行共生教育和共谐教育,以促进西南和谐的自然/文化生态的构筑,继而实现西南的可持续发展.     

Educated Caring: The Emergence of Professional Identity Among Nurses

This article examines the formation of occupational identity in a nursing program. The normative and ideological dimensions of this process are revealed in the program’s goals and the views of educators and students through qualitative data from observations and 30 in-depth interviews. Educators seek to socialize students toward professionalism to raise the occupation’s status by emphasizing the scientific and technical basis of nursing. Yet students uphold a gendered discourse by identifying a normative dimension of caring as central to their occupational identity. The dilemma between professionalism and caring is reconciled as students construct an occupational identity based on “educated caring,” where these two dimensions are equally valuable and significant.

The development of social work education in Russia since 1995

This article presents the findings of a four-year survey on the development of social work education in Russia from 1995 to the present day. Through a series of questionnaires, interviews and discussions with Russian academics, practitioners and students, the study looks at a variety of issues including the high rate of attrition. It focuses on aspects of students’ practice placements such as the type, length and quality of practice placements, the students’ workload and the supervision provided. It also looks at the contribution that international collaboration has made to the development of social work education in Russia.

The survey concludes that there is a need to enhance the overall package for social workers and raise the status of the profession in order to retain qualified personnel. Longer practice placements which start in the first year and are adequately funded and supervised are seen as the key to retaining new graduates. It concludes that although international projects have made a difference to those participating at the time, it is difficult to disseminate these benefits beyond the immediate region. Now that international funding to Russia has been reduced it is critical that any remaining funding is accurately targeted and properly coordinated.     

以人为本的教育理念与高校德育

把学生培养成全面、协调发展的人;重视学生在教育、教学中的主体地位;尊重并合理地引导每一个学生的个性和差异性。高校德育要贯彻和落实以人为本的教育理念需要从思想认识上解决“三个统一”:德育本身是目的与手段的统一;德育对象是权利与义务的统一;德育出发点是理想与现实的统一。     

民办高等教育发展的动因分析与对策

从制度安排论、需要驱动论和机制优势论三个方面对民办高等教育发展的主要动因进行了分析,在此基础上对民办高等教育的今后发展提出了建议。笔者认为,在充分认识市场和民办高校的作用、要求、特征、规律的基础上,政府对民办高等教育发展合理规划,以适当的方式促进和规范民办高校的运行,对民办高等教育的发展至关重要。     

Breaking through the silence in antenatal care: Fetal movement and stillbirth education

BackgroundFetal movements are a key indicator of fetal health. Research has established significant correlations between altered fetal activity and stillbirth. However, women are generally unaware of this relationship. Providing pregnant women with information about the importance of fetal movements could improve stillbirth rates. However, there are no consistent fetal movements awareness messages globally for pregnant women.AimsThis study aimed to explore the antenatal care experiences of Australian mothers who had recently had a live birth to determine their knowledge of fetal movements, the nature and source of that information.MethodsAn online survey method was used for 428 women who had a live birth and received antenatal care in Australia. Women’s knowledge of fetal movements, stillbirth risk, and the sources of this knowledge was explored.FindingsA large proportion of participants (84.6%; n = 362) stated they had been informed by health care professionals of the importance of fetal movements during pregnancy. Open-ended responses indicate that fetal movements messages are often myth based. Awareness that stillbirth occurs was high (95.2%; n = 398), although, 65% (n = 272) were unable to identify the current incidence of stillbirth in Australia.ConclusionWomen who received antenatal care have high-awareness of fetal movements, but the information they received was inconsistent. Participants knew stillbirth occurred but did not generally indicate they had obtained that knowledge from health care professionals. We recommend a consistent approach to fetal movements messaging throughout pregnancy which focuses on stillbirth prevention.