女性主义女体书写的误读——从当代中国大众文化的身体话语谈起

女性主义身体理论认为女性身体是差异和同一性集中表现的场所,女性主义身体写作意在体现女性本真体验和主流身体意向的冲突中生存的紧张状态。兴起于上世纪90年代中国的女体文艺继承了中国女体艺术历史中将女体客体化的话语结构,并汇入现代性身体书写传统的解放话语体系,从而与男性中心话语“合谋”,将女性女体进一步客体化,将其归入女性主义身体书写是一种误读,女性主义身体书写应牢牢把握住女性本真的体验这一基本要点方才能达到真正的女性表达和女性话语。     

浅谈青海古代"太阳"崇拜

本文通过对青海地区考古资料的观察、对比、统计与分析,认为青海彩陶上的符号大多与太阳崇拜有关,以大量的统计数据证实,青海古代民族是一支崇拜太阳的民族。     

Wanting to be ‘with woman’, not with machine: Midwives’ experiences of caring for women being continuously monitored in labour

ProblemSome continuous electronic fetal monitoring (CEFM) devices restrict women’s bodily autonomy by limiting their mobility in labour and birth.BackgroundLittle is known about how midwives perceive the impact of CEFM technologies on their practice.AimThis paper explores the way different fetal monitoring technologies influence the work of midwives.MethodsWireless and beltless ‘non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram’ (NIFECG) was trialled on 110 labouring women in an Australian maternity hospital. A focus group pertaining to midwives’ experiences of using CTG was conducted prior to the trial. After the trial, midwives were asked about their experiences of using NIFECG. All data were analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsMidwives felt that wired CTG creates barriers to physiological processes. Whilst wireless CTG enables greater freedom of movement for women, it requires constant ‘fiddling’ from midwives, drawing their attention away from the woman. Midwives felt the NIFECG better enabled them to be ‘with woman’.DiscussionMidwives play a pivotal role in mediating the influence of CEFM on women’s experiences in labour. Exploring the way in which different forms of CEFM impact on midwives’ practice may assist us to better understand how to prioritise the woman in order to facilitate safe and satisfying birth experiences.ConclusionThe presence of CEFM technology in the birth space impacts midwives’ ways of working and their capacity to be woman-centred. Current CTG technology may impede midwives’ capacity to be ‘with woman’. Compared to the CTG, the NIFECG has the potential to enable midwives to provide more woman-centred care for those experiencing complex pregnancies.     

Do colored cells in risk matrices affect decision-making and risk perception? Insights from randomized controlled studies

Risk matrices communicate the likelihood and potential impact of risks and are often used to inform decision-making around risk mitigations. The merits and demerits of risk matrices in general have been discussed extensively, yet little attention has been paid to the potential influence of color in risk matrices on their users. We draw from fuzzy-trace theory and hypothesize that when color is present, individuals are likely to place greater value on reducing risks that cross color boundaries (i.e., the boundary-crossing effect), leading to sub-optimal decision making. In two randomized controlled studies, employing forced-choice and willingness-to-pay measures to investigate the boundary-crossing effect in two different color formats for risk matrices, we find preliminary evidence to support our hypotheses that color can influence decision making. The evidence also suggests that the boundary-crossing effect is only present in, or is stronger for, higher numeracy individuals. We therefore recommend that designers should consider avoiding color in risk matrices, particularly in situations where these are likely to be used by highly numerate individuals, if the communication goal is to inform in an unbiased way.     

元散曲中的青山意象

在元散曲中，青山意象多次出现，不仅作为客观的景物存在，还具有很多内在的与主观的含义。在隐逸之作中，它既是文 人的心灵归处和精神家园，又是文人的伴侣与知己；在抒怀之作中，它既反衬了历史的虚无又是世事变幻的参照；在相思之作 中，它是女子的屏障，隔断了她们眺望情人的视线；在写景之作中，它提供了色彩的叠加与对比。     

Classification Algorithm for Skin Color (CASCo): A new tool to measure skin color in social science research

Objective

A growing body of literature reveals that skin color has significant effects on people's income, health, education, and employment. However, the ways in which skin color has been measured in empirical research have been criticized for being inaccurate, if not subjective and biased.

Objective

Introduce an objective, automatic, accessible and customizable Classification Algorithm for Skin Color (CASCo).

Methods

We review the methods traditionally used to measure skin color (verbal scales, visual aids or color palettes, photo elicitation, spectrometers and image-based algorithms), noting their shortcomings. We highlight the need for a different tool to measure skin color

Results

We present CASCo, a (social researcher-friendly) Python library that uses face detection, skin segmentation and k-means clustering algorithms to determine the skin tone category of portraits.

Conclusion

After assessing the merits and shortcomings of all the methods available, we argue CASCo is well equipped to overcome most challenges and objections posed against its alternatives. While acknowledging its limitations, we contend that CASCo should complement researchers. toolkit in this area.