近代上海商业精英与扶轮社

扶轮社是国际商业精英组织,1919—1952年中国大陆先后成立了32个扶轮社。上海扶轮社是近代中国成立的第一个扶轮社,也是组织最健全、社务最繁忙的一个社,参加者主要是上海的一批商业精英人士。社员每周定期聚会,进行联谊活动,广泛开展各项慈善服务事业。上海扶轮社所开展的各项活动,对民国时期上海的商界沟通、社会经济发展、中外交流以及社会公益等方面作出了重要贡献,影响深远。     

Market Orientation,Ownership Type,and E‐Business Assimilation: Evidence from Chinese Firms

While more and more firms have implemented e‐business in business operations, a better understanding of the factors that successfully drive the assimilation of e‐business will provide insights for firm executives and practitioners to develop effective strategies for e‐business. Different from previous studies that focus on individual‐level factors related to business executives and top management teams, this study examines how firm‐level strategic and cultural factors shape e‐business assimilation. Based on the strategy and marketing literature on market orientation and firm ownership, we developed a research model to describe how a firm's market orientation impacts e‐business assimilation. The model also describes the moderating effect of firm ownership type on the relationship between market orientation and e‐business assimilation. Based on data from 301 Chinese international trade firms, we found that two dimensions of market orientation (i.e., customer orientation, competitor orientation) had significant effects on e‐business assimilation. However, the third dimension, interfunctional coordination, was only partially significant. In addition, ownership type was a significant moderator of the effects of customer orientation and competitor orientation on e‐business assimilation, although ownership type was not a moderator of interfunctional coordination. Being one of the first studies of the impact of market orientation and firm ownership type on e‐business assimilation, we conclude with a discussion of the implications for future research and practice.     

《三十六计》隐喻的认知与功能翻译剖析

《三十六计》是根据我国古代卓越的军事思想和丰富的斗争经验总结而成的军事著作，计谋的名称以四字句（成语）或三字句的形式出现，并且都是隐喻，其本体隐藏，直接以喻体表达。探究比较、替代和互动隐喻理论在《三十六计》中的运用及功能翻译，旨在更准确地翻译该巨著，让全世界了解我国古代军事谋略学的精髓和历史文化内涵。     

国有股减持与上市公司经营绩效的关系实证研究

西方国家产权高度分散企业出现的 “ 丑闻”、转轨经济国家私有化的消极影响和我国股份制改革未能提高国有企业经营绩效的实践证明,产权私有化不是提高国有企业经营绩效的“灵丹妙药”,国有股减持不合时宜。为验证该结论,本文以深沪两市 2001年综合类上市公司为样本对国有股、流通股与公司绩效的关系进行了实证分析。结果表明,国有股、流通股与公司绩效之间存在曲线关系,且它们与公司绩效之间均存在负相关关系。其中,国有股对上市公司经营业绩的负影响不显著,流通股的负影响较显著。     

影响中国商业谈判的因素分析

商业谈判是商业活动中一个必不可少的组成部分。为了了解影响中国商业谈判的因素,笔者在北京、温州和邯郸三个城市的几十家企业里组织了102组商业模拟谈判,并对相关数据进行了分析。数据结果揭示了中国商业谈判者的个人特征、谈判策略及谈判气氛等因素对谈判结果所产生的影响,以及这些因素之间的相互作用。文章最后针对这些分析结果提供了相应的现实商业谈判操作启示。     

对中国制造业运作策略的聚类分析及实证研究

本文以企业运作策略的基本理论为基础,研究制造企业的运作策略。通过问卷调查的方法,选择天津、珠江三角洲和香港三地为代表地区,讨论了制造业的运作重点,并在研究了问卷结构有效性的基础上,对企业样本做聚类分析,并对三地的企业运作策略做了比较分析。     

Workforce‐constrained Preventive Maintenance Scheduling Using Evolution Strategies

Heavy equipment overhaul facilities such as aircraft service centers and railroad yards face the challenge of minimizing the makespan for a set of preventive maintenance (PM) tasks, requiring single or multiple skills, within workforce availability constraints. In this paper, we examine the utility of evolution strategies to this problem. Comparison of the computational efforts of evolution strategies with exhaustive enumeration to reach optimal solutions for 60 small problems illustrates the ability of evolution strategies to yield optimal solutions increasingly efficiently with increasing problem size. A set of 852 large‐scale problems was solved using evolution strategies to examine the effects of task‐related problem characteristics, workforce‐related variables, and evolution strategies population size (μ) on CPU time. The results empirically supported practical utility of evolution strategies to solve large‐scale, complex preventive maintenance problems involving single‐ and multiple‐skilled workforce. Finally, comparison of evolution strategies and simulated annealing for the 852 experiments indicated much faster convergence to optimality with evolution strategies.     

GDP数据修正对经济周期测定的影响

 本文在收集和建立季度GDP实时数据的基础上,利用区制转移模型对我国经济周期测定展开了实时数据分析,并深入讨论了GDP数据修正对经济周期阶段性的影响。研究结果表明GDP数据修正引致我国经济周期阶段性发生了深刻的变化,使我国经济周期在2005Q2至2006Q4间从低速增长改变为高速增长。而且,我们发现GDP数据修正对经济周期平均增长率的影响方向,与其是否影响经济周期阶段性具有相反关系,即当GDP数据修正不影响 (影响) 经济周期阶段性时,它对高、低平均增长率都具有同向 (反向) 影响。     

Modular Network Design: Using Information and Communication Technology to Allocate Production Tasks in a Virtual Organization*

The increased interest in customer service and the trend towards customization gives rise to new organizational forms such as the virtual organization. This paper introduces the Modular Network Design (MND) approach to complement Mowshowitz' (1997) theory of virtual organization. This theory focuses on metamanagement of the virtual organization and consists of four activities: (1) determine and analyze customer requirements, (2) track the possibilities for satisfying these requirements, (3) develop and allocate production tasks among the members of the virtual organization, and (4) assess and adjust tasks and allocation procedures. The MND approach elaborates on this theory by breaking down both the requirements and the production tasks into modular entities, and by measuring the performance of the resulting virtual network in terms of operating costs and throughput time. The major contribution of the MND approach lies in its ability to support the assessment of alternative allocations of production tasks among the members of a virtual organization, using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as enabler. The assessment of such alternative designs is illustrated by an application of MND in the air cargo industry. The results show how the virtual organization and its members can realize significant improvements in operating costs and throughput times when applying ICT to link and reallocate their modular production tasks in response to customized orders.