高师英语教学法课程建设新思路

在21世纪的知识经济时代,英语教学法课程建设必须树立新思路,应当根据"一切为了学生的发展"的新理念确立新的课程观、时空观、主体观、评价观,以推进课程建设的深入发展,并将课程建设理论研究的新成果尽快转为应用性实践形态.     

循化话中的语气词刍议

文章分析了循化话中语气词的使用特点,并对其形成的原因作了探讨。     

外语考试的计算机语料库建设

计算机语料库是以语篇为基础对语言进行研究的一门新兴交叉型学科。20世纪90年代以来,应用不断更新的计算机技术建立的各类语料库,使语言研究的手段与方法都发生了巨大变化。但在开发以各类考试材料为语料的专门用途语料库方面,发展却相对滞后。大学英语四、六级考试是我国高等教育最重要的大规模外语考试,对推动大学外语教学起到了功不可没的作用。研究并建成大学英语四、六级考试计算机语料库,对大学外语教学具有很大意义。     

Two point priors and Γ-minimax estimating in families of uniform distributions

It is shown that when a parameter lying in a sufficiently small interval is to be estimated in a family of uniform distributions, a two point prior is least favourable under squared error loss. The unique Bayes estimator with respect to this prior is minimax. The Γ-minimax estimator is derived for sets Γ of priors consisting of all priors that give fixed probabilities to two specified subintervals of the parameter space if a two point prior is least favourable in Γ.     

于根元先生的语言规划观

于根元先生的语言规划观主要体现在“语言规范观”“语言主体多样观”“语言服务观”三个方面。在语言规划研究方面,于先生提出了许多具有鲜明特色的重要命题,如语言规范的参照项是交际值、检验规范的成效是对语言生活的影响、语言规范制定时应重视语言的可预测性、规范就是服务等,这些命题如今看来,依然具有学习借鉴的理论意义和实践价值。     

Origins and destinies: Immigration to the United States since World War II

Contemporary immigration to the United States and the formation of new ethnic groups are the complex and unintended social consequences of the expansion of the nation to its post-World War II position of global hegemony. Immigrant communities in the United States today are related to a history of American military, political, economic, and cultural involvement and intervention in the sending countries, especially in Asia and the Caribbean Basin, and to the linkages that are formed in the process that open a variety of legal and illegal migration pathways. The 19.8 million foreign-born persons counted in the 1990 U.S. census formed the largest immigrant population in the world, though in relative terms, only 7.9% of the U.S. population was foreign-born, a lower proportion than earlier in this century. Today's immigrants are extraordinarily diverse, a reflection of polar-opposite types of migrations embedded in very different historical and structural contexts. Also, unlike the expanding economy that absorbed earlier flows from Europe, since the 1970s new immigrants have entered an hourglass economy with reduced opportunities for social mobility, particularly among the less educated, and new waves of refugees have entered a welfare state with expanded opportunities for public assistance. This paper seeks to make sense of the new diversity. A typology of contemporary immigrants is presented, and their patterns of settlement, their distinctive social and economic characteristics compared to major native-born racial-ethnic groups, and their different modes of incorporation in—and consequences for—American society are considered.     

Modeling household fertility decisions with generalized Poisson regression

This paper models household fertility decisions by using a generalized Poisson regression model. Since the fertility data used in the paper exhibit under-dispersion, the generalized Poisson regression model has statistical advantages over both standard Poisson and negative binomial regression models, and is suitable for analysis of count data that exhibit either over-dispersion or under-dispersion. The model is estimated by the method of maximum likelihood. Approximate tests for the dispersion and goodness-of-fit measures for comparing alternative models are discussed. Based on observations from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics of 1989 interviewing year, the empirical results support the fertility hypothesis of Becker and Lewis (1973). Received January 7, 1997 /Accepted April 3, 1997     

Artifact in client satisfaction assessment: experience in community mental health settings

Artifact in client satisfaction assessment is discussed and the results of a study of three factors thought to mediate client satisfaction ratings; (a) general life satisfaction, (b) mode of administration, and (c) psychological symptomatology, are reported. A standard client satisfaction questionnaire (CSQ) was modified to yield parallel forms and was administered orally and in writing to 92 clients in two mental health day treatment programs. Satisfaction ratings obtained from these clients were quite similar to out-patient ratings obtained in previous studies conducted in this setting and using the same measures. Oral administration of the CSQ produced 10% higher satisfaction ratings than written administration (p less than .05) and less missing data (p less than .01). Satisfaction ratings were also obtained using a simple graphic instrument. Graphic ratings were comparable to CSQ ratings. Satisfaction with life in general and level of psychiatric symptoms together accounted for 25% of CSQ variance. The implication of these findings for future client satisfaction research is discussed.     

县级政府、供应链管理与农产品上行关系研究

基于中国13省87个电子商务进农村示范县的调研材料,分析政府项目驱动下农产品上行问题。实践表明,政策利好为县域农产品电商发展提供了试错空间,“S2B2C”的供应链管理模式对农产品上行的推动作用明显。但是,多数县级政府未能认识到供应链管理之于农产品上行的作用,普遍存在政府治理方式滞后、公共服务网络不健全、农产品区域公用品牌缺乏、冷链等基础设施投入不足等问题。因此,为有效推动农产品上行,政府应进一步推动“公私合作”、构建一体化的公共服务、注重品牌营销、优化产品供应链管理。