Moral character: What it is and what it does

Moral character can be conceptualized as an individual's disposition to think, feel, and behave in an ethical versus unethical manner, or as the subset of individual differences relevant to morality. This essay provides an organizing framework for understanding moral character and its relationship to ethical and unethical work behaviors. We present a tripartite model for understanding moral character, with the idea that there are motivational, ability, and identity elements. The motivational element is consideration of others – referring to a disposition toward considering the needs and interests of others, and how one's own actions affect other people. The ability element is self-regulation – referring to a disposition toward regulating one's behavior effectively, specifically with reference to behaviors that have positive short-term consequences but negative long-term consequences for oneself or others. The identity element is moral identity—referring to a disposition toward valuing morality and wanting to view oneself as a moral person. After unpacking what moral character is, we turn our attention to what moral character does, with a focus on how it influences unethical behavior, situation selection, and situation creation. Our research indicates that the impact of moral character on work outcomes is significant and consequential, with important implications for research and practice in organizational behavior.     

Sensitivity Analysis for Critical Control Points Determination and Uncertainty Analysis to Link FSO and Process Criteria: Application to Listeria monocytogenes in Soft Cheese Made from Pasteurized Milk

Microbiological food safety is an important economic and health issue in the context of globalization and presents food business operators with new challenges in providing safe foods. The hazard analysis and critical control point approach involve identifying the main steps in food processing and the physical and chemical parameters that have an impact on the safety of foods. In the risk‐based approach, as defined in the Codex Alimentarius, controlling these parameters in such a way that the final products meet a food safety objective (FSO), fixed by the competent authorities, is a big challenge and of great interest to the food business operators. Process risk models, issued from the quantitative microbiological risk assessment framework, provide useful tools in this respect. We propose a methodology, called multivariate factor mapping (MFM), for establishing a link between process parameters and compliance with a FSO. For a stochastic and dynamic process risk model of in soft cheese made from pasteurized milk with many uncertain inputs, multivariate sensitivity analysis and MFM are combined to (i) identify the critical control points (CCPs) for throughout the food chain and (ii) compute the critical limits of the most influential process parameters, located at the CCPs, with regard to the specific process implemented in the model. Due to certain forms of interaction among parameters, the results show some new possibilities for the management of microbiological hazards when a FSO is specified.     

RFID‐Enabled Visibility and Retail Inventory Record Inaccuracy: Experiments in the Field

Accurate inventory records are key to effective store execution, affecting forecasting, ordering, and replenishment. Prior empirical research, however, shows that retailer inventory records are inherently inaccurate. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) enables visibility into the movement of inventories in the supply chain. Using two different field experiments, the current research investigates the effectiveness of this visibility in reducing retail store inventory record inaccuracy (IRI). Study 1 used an interrupted time‐series design and involved daily physical counts of all products in one category in 13 stores (8 treatments and 5 controls) of a major global retailer over 23 weeks. Results indicate a significant decrease in IRI of approximately 26% due to RFID‐enabled visibility. Using an untreated control group design with pre‐test and post‐test, Study 2 expands the number of categories to five and the number of stores to 62 (31 treatment and 31 control stores). Results show that the effectiveness of RFID in reducing IRI varies by category (ranging from no statistically significant improvement to 81%). Results also suggest that RFID ameliorates the effects of known determinants of IRI and provide the key insight that the technology is most effective for product categories characterized by these determinants.     

调节阀内三维流动与启闭过程的数值模拟及分析

运用计算流体力学方法（CFD）对调节阀的定常与非定常水力特性进行了数值模拟．定常模拟得到各种开度下的三维流场分布以及压降与流量的特性曲线，特性曲线与试验结果相吻合．非定常计算模拟了阀门开启和关闭过程中流动特性的变化，得到流量和阀芯轴向力随时间变化曲线，并对启闭速度的影响进行了分析．     

拓扑型极大极小不等式、截口定理和抽象经济平衡点的存在性定理

利用[1]中得到的参数型KKM定理首先证明了区间空间上的几个向量值极大极小定理。应用这些结果,得到了几个拓扑型截口定理和另外三种等价形式,最后讨论了抽象经济平衡点的存在性问题。     

Ultrastructural elliptical models

Dolby's (1976) ultrastructural model with no replications is investigated within the class of the elliptical distributions. General asymptotic results are given for the sample covariance matrix S in the presence of incidental parameters. These results are used to study the asymptotic behaviour of some estimators of the slope parameter, unifying and extending existing results in the literature. In particular, under some regularity conditions they are shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. For the special case of the structural model, some asymptotic relative efficiencies are also reported which show that generalized least squares and the method of moment estimators can be highly inefficient under nonnormality.     

ERP实施后的企业人员培训

针对基于供应链思想而提出的、对企业资源进行统筹安排的ERP新的管理模式下的企业人员培训问题进行了研究,对企业应该如何进行员工培训以及培训的内容、重点进行了分析,并从培训计划的制定及培训效果的检查两方面提出了确保培训效果应注意的问题。     

参数型非空交定理和拓扑Riesz空间中的极大极小定理

本文首先证明了区间空间上的几个参数型非空交定理,并由此得到拓扑Riesz空间中的几个新型极大极小定理,本文的结果包含[1、5、6]中主要结果为特例。     

基于事例推理方法在企业知识管理中的应用

知识管理的目的是形成企业的核心能力,给企业带来现实的利益。每个企业需要解决的问题是如何来管理知识并使其发挥应有的作用。知识管理决不只是技术问题,但知识管理的实现离不开相关技术的支持。本文介绍了基于事例推理方法,并说明了该方法是适于实现企业知识管理的一种技术,以及如何在企业知识管理中应用该方法。实践证明,基于事例推理方法是实现企业知识管理的利器之一。     

浅谈地理信息系统在地下管道管理中的应用

本文主要阐述了GIS的原理及其在城市地下管道网络中的应用。在GIS基础上开发的管理系统主要是将各种管道数据进行空间分析、三雏建模，图形输出。并且系统要能迅速查明地下管网状态，并能实现计算机动态信息管理。从而满足城市建设的需要。