阿尔都塞和齐泽克意识形态理论之比较

阿尔都塞和齐泽克的意识形态理论都借鉴了拉康的思想,所以他们的思想存在着共同之处。区别在于阿尔都塞主要运用了拉康早期的镜像阶段的思想,齐泽克则主要运用了拉康晚期关于真实界的思想,由此出发,齐泽克认为阿尔都塞的质询理论并不彻底,他进一步发展了意识形态幻象理论。但是两者存在的问题也是共同的,一旦把意识形态的概念过度膨胀化,那么这个词也就失去了相应的意义。     

意识形态国家机器:一个概念的四维思考

立足马克思主义的视角,对意识形态国家机器这一概念进行历史和现实的思考,可以得出以下结论:意识形态国家机器主要在功能上和镇压性国家机器并列使用,共同维护阶级统治;这两种国家机器的区分具有相对性,它们在功能上相互支持,相互补充,其中前者的功能更加真实、持久;与市民社会相比,镇压性国家机器在发挥意识形态国家机器功能方面更具主导性和示范性;就其总体趋势而言,作为国家机器的意识形态正逐步淡化其虚无性,不断提高其科学性。     

我校大型仪器设备购置存在的若干问题

我校地处偏远的地级城市,距离省会城市路程较远,暂时未参与省政府集中统一招标采购,现自行招标采购仪器设备。因此,我们在程序和制度上对大型仪器设备采购进行规范管理,使招标采购工作透明、公正、公开。     

Powerless,Stupefied, and Repressed Actors Cannot Challenge Climate Change: Real Helplessness as a Barrier Between Environmental Concern and Action

There is a gap between concern about environmental degradation such as climate change and effective action taken against the forces that drive degradation. This paper argues that real helplessness, a social condition producing powerless, stupefied, and repressed actors, is a fortified barrier between climate concern and effective climate action. Political-economic analysis has theoretical and methodological implications for environmental social science and helps explain a current conundrum in critical sociology: Why are alternatives to a system that drives climate change and other catastrophic risks still seen as unrealistic? We suffer from a political-economic system impervious to transformation before we suffer from a lack of alternative ideas.     

控温式热流计标定装置

本文提出了一种新型的热流计标定装置。在对被标热流传感器进行传热分析和数位计算的基础上,详细讨论了装置的结构原理。指明当控制室控制在要求温度时,可消除被标热流计的侧向热损,因而具有精度高、结构简单等优点。     

The discourse of security in development policies: A genealogical approach to “Security Sector Reform”

Security is one of the objectives that has become associated with development policies. This article offers a genealogical perspective on this shift, focusing on the introduction of “Security Sector Reform” (SSR) into development policy as an apparatus with a two‐fold normative process. The first point of note is the securitization of development policy. This pertains both to the discourse elements of the apparatus—here, the effects of the use of security semantics—and to its political technologies, with an SSR apparatus which can function as a new label for military co‐operation. This has led to new approaches in societies where this has taken place, with threat a key focus. There has also been a process of depoliticization in the wake of technical, standardized approaches. This has sidelined debate on the norms and political choices involved, albeit implicitly. Secondly, one can observe structural ambivalences in the field, chiefly on the issue of the state and the normative contradictions of a policy to strengthen “fragile states” that relies on external intervention in national politics. The case study of Lebanon complements this analysis, highlighting the structural tensions between the various aims of SSR, and how this affects local ownership: both the perception and reception of SSR are marked by power relationships which translate into hegemonic and counter‐hegemonic labelling.     

边城瑞丽公益组织的国际理念与草根精神:一个道德人类学的探索

本文是从道德的视角考察全球公益事业及其地方实践的民族志。人类学研究中常见“道德”一词,但对道德的概念内涵及用法本身的阐述并不多,在回顾近年两位人类学家提出的道德框架之后,本文尝试根据田野经验,从体验、思考道德和伦理的三个层面进行阐释：作为正常/规范的道德,作为善之实践的道德和作为情动力的生命伦理。在作为正常/规范的道德出现动荡与不确定性的境况中,当地一个公益组织响应全球人道主义的呼唤,从事一项为了善的生命道德事业,改善了边城的健康与发展状况。在实践这项道德使命的过程中,以妇女为主体的组织员工创造了一个不断进取的与国际公益理念接轨的“生命-环境”,其中特别突出的是一些农村的HIV感染者妇女,她们以草根志愿者的身份参与公益事业,在奉献中体验到生命情动力本身的飞扬与实现,从而实践着一种生命伦理。通过这个道德人类学的探索,本文试图为公益组织的实践如何落到实处,以及社会变迁中人如何实践更美好的生活,提供一些经验的及理论的参照。     

大众传媒与意识形态

大众传媒与意识形态关系日益密切,如何看待它们在当今社会的关系,对于意识形态的研究具有重要的理论和实践意义。随着大众传媒的发展,日常生活空间日益意识形态化。大众传媒通过舆论导向、政治参与和价值整合功能的发挥,成了重要的意识形态国家机器。     

一种简易浮力演示器的制作

浮力产生的原因是物体下、上表面存在压力差 ,当物体下表面未与液体接触时 ,液体对物体下表面没有压力 ,因而物体不受浮力作用 ,教材中对此只是用图说明而没有相应的实验演示 ,导致很多学生对这一点理解得不透彻 ,存在模糊认识 .为此 ,设计一个简易的演示装置 ,很好地说明浮力产生的原因是必要的     

试论测绘新技术及其在土木工程中的应用--兼谈测量学教学改革

以"3S"为代表的现代测绘技术在土木工程各阶段中广泛地应用。充分有效地应用测绘新技术,可以大大地提高土木工程的自动化程度,可以很好地控制施工质量。测量学教学现仍以传统的测绘技术为主,因此,测量学教学必须进行大幅度改革。