知识城市标杆中的关键因素

本文探讨了新兴城市和地区身份资本的四个关键因素,它们是资本系统方法的一部分.在这些方法中,综合资本系统(GCS)是衡量城市如何为其以知识为基础的发展而发掘能力的一种工具.本文强调GCS中身份资本的要素,以便综合差异性和透明度两方面来考察四个独特城市区域的城市身份.这些基于环境的身份似乎阐明了边缘知识城市是如何在以知识为基础的国际舞台上构建自己的身份优势的.     

和谐社会视野下的社会管理主体刍议

建设社会主义和谐社会,必须加强社会管理体制的建设和创新,建立健全党委领导、政府负责、社会协同、公众参与的社会管理格局,明确社会管理格局中党委的领导核心地位、政府社会管理的职能定位、社会组织的协同功能、公众参与的积极作用,以整合社会管理资源,推动“多中心主体”社会治理。     

社区为本的矫正社会工作理论与实践

本文辨析了矫正社会工作和司法矫正的差别,论述了社区为本的矫正社会工作的混合属性、概念和目标,并在借鉴西方社会工作的个案管理模式,提出了中国当前开展社区矫正工作的过程阶段和相应的工作者的角色和任务。     

Strategic Outsourcing Decisions for Manufacturers that Produce Partially Substitutable Products in a Quantity‐Setting Duopoly Situation*

This article examines production and outsourcing decisions for two manufacturers that produce partially substitutable products and play a strategic game with quantity competition. When both manufacturers outsource key components to the same upstream supplier, their products become more substitutable due to the increased commonality of the products. In addition, outsourcing may create better consumer perception about the product if the manufacturers choose reputable suppliers with better brand or quality. We explicitly model the substitutability change and the brand/quality effect and provide conditions under which the manufacturers should outsource the components to a supplier. We present the subgame perfect Nash equilibriums for the situation in which there is only one supplier and the case in which two suppliers compete with each other in the upstream supply chain. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the findings.     

Managerial dominance and audit committee independence in Spanish corporate governance

The purpose of this paper is to analyse whether the independence of audit committees is affected by the degree of control exerted by managers over the board of directors. Results from a sample of 75 listed Spanish companies show that the majority of firms that voluntarily adopted an audit committee between 1998 and 2001, made an effort to guarantee their independence from management. The degree of independence is shown to be determined by the proportion of inside directors on the board, the same person holding both the CEO and board chairperson positions, and the level of management ownership. These findings may have political implications because existing regulations do not limit the presence of inside directors on audit committees. The presence of inside directors may compromise effectiveness, turning audit committees into instruments of management to provide the appearance of monitoring.

A UNIFIED APPROACH TO THE PRICE-BREAK ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY (EOQ) PROBLEM*

In many developing countries where supply is limited, a premium rather than a discounted price is paid for buying in larger amounts. In order for management science/operations research solutions to be relevant to developing economies, such realities need to be explicitly recognized and any decisions evaluated from that perspective. To illustrate this point, a typical inventory-purchasing problem is solved. In the process, formulae are developed that introduce simultaneous price and quantity sensitivity into the inventory equation. A systematic procedure is suggested to locate the optimal order quantity for a given schedule of discounts or premiums.     

DESIGNING HIGH-CONTACT SERVICE SYSTEMS: APPLICATION TO BRANCHES OF A SAVINGS AND LOAN*

The customer-contact model represents one of the few conceptually based approaches for designing service systems. This paper develops that concept further for high-contact systems, relative to efficiency and effectiveness notions. Four design features (contact technologies, contact training, data bases, and contact roles) are developed and a simple design methodology (built around the four design features) is presented. A demonstration of the design methodology is provided through its applications to branches of a savings and loan. Areas for additional theoretical and practical refinement of the model and the desirability of multidisciplinary research are discussed.     

Role of Relational Case Management in Transitioning from Poverty

One-off financial assistance through emergency relief provides a short-term intervention to immediate material crisis. However, recurrent instances of clients accessing this type of assistance points to the ineffectiveness of managing financial hardship without addressing the causes of long-term poverty. This article presents findings from an external process evaluation of the Salvation Army relational case management model known as Doorways. A mixed-method design was implemented, consisting of semistructured interviews, observations, and document analysis, as well as Client Satisfaction and Wellbeing Survey. Across the seven research sites semistructured interviews were conducted with 45 clients and nine case managers, and 30 client surveys were completed. Three themes will be discussed: the Doorways philosophy; the flexible service delivery approach; and client capacity building and continuity of care. Findings illustrated the effectiveness of a relational case management approach and reaffirm the central role of relationships in transforming the lives of people experiencing poverty.

IMPLICATIONS

• The quality of relationship between case managers and their clients plays an integral role in transforming the lives of people experiencing long-term or situational financial disadvantage.

• Service delivery requires a relational and flexible approach to adequately tailor support to the individual and contextual needs of clients.

     

大学生水利创新基地建设和管理机制研究

针对高等院校水利类专业性特点,简述了水利类相关专业大学生科技创新基地建设和管理体制现状,剖析了其存在的问题和不足,提出了基地建设新模式与管理新体制,为提升人才培养质量,增强水利院校教育的自主创新能力提供依据和借鉴。