Determinants of the timing of adult role entry

A growing body of research indicates that the timing of entry into adult roles has long-term consequences for individuals and society. At present, little is known about determinants of the timing of adult role entry. Based on data from a 15-year follow-up study of high school students originally surveyed in 1957–1958 and resurveyed in 1973–1974, this paper examines and compares the processes by which the ages at entry into the labor force, entry into marriage, and entry into parenthood are determined. The timing of adult role entry is hypothesized to be a function of (1) the duration of time spent in transitional roles, (2) the availability of the opportunity to enter an adult role, and (3) an individual's orientation to an adult role. Evidence supporting this conceptualization is presented for both sexes.     

Pleas,priors, and prison: Racial/ethnic differences in sentencing

Final case disposition and sentencing decisions for whites, blacks, and Chicanos are modeled with event-history data from the State of California. Dynamic analyses are used to link processing models and theories. The three-way interaction of (1) pleading guilty × (2) racial/ethnic group membership × (3) the extent of prior court experience on rates of moving through the legal system is assessed, controlling for other legitimate and nonlegitimate influences. In a jurisdiction handling large numbers of defendants representing diverse racial/ethnic and cultural groups under determinate sentencing, the timing of legal processing is shown to be critical. Results demonstrate that pleading guilty increases the speed of processing most when sentences do not involve incarceration, though this effect is not found for second or later arrests of Chicanos. Generally, theories of resource mobilization receive greater support than cultural stereotyping.     

Ethnic differences in the academic achievement process in Canada

This research examines the extent to which differences in achievement between German-speaking and French-speaking students are accounted for by theoretically related intervening variables and the extent to which the entire achievement process differs across the two ethnic groups. For the two ethnic groups, both main effects and interaction effects have significant consequences for the academic achievement process, even when a number of other variables are controlled. The results suggest that the whole process works to the benefit of the German-speaking students and to the detriment of the French-speaking students.     

哈佛燕京学社75年的汉学贡献

哈佛燕京学社及哈佛燕京图书馆、东亚系,大力开展中美双方互派学者的研究计划,培养出大批中外名人,著名华裔教授取得了极大的成就。哈佛燕京文物收藏之丰富,哈佛燕京图书馆多元之馆藏、特藏及三任馆长与同仁对汉学研究贡献之大,在中国百年现代化的框架中,均有卓越的独特地位。哈佛燕京学社丰富了哈佛和世界的历史文化体系,建树恢宏。     

西南联大群体的新诗研究及其外来影响——以闻一多、朱自清为中心的探讨

抗日战争时期,西南联大中文系教授闻一多和朱自清不断总结新文学创作的艺术经验,作出了创造"现代诗学"的努力,并取得了第一批成果:朱自清的《新诗杂话》和闻一多的系列诗论,为新诗的理论化和系统化提供了坚实的基础。同时,他们的新诗研究深受西方理论的影响,使闻一多和朱自清在"现代诗学"的创造中受益颇多。     

Resources,homophily, and dependence: Organizational attributes and asymmetric ties in human service networks

This paper examines the effects of organizational attributes on power/dependence relations in interorganizational dyads. Exchange and homophily theories are discussed as two alternative perspectives on the processes that give rise to such effects. The data pertain to interagency ties in three community-based networks of youth service agencies and are analyzed via a new strategy of linear modeling dyadic relations. The results of the analysis suggest that size, administrative position, and justice system connections condition the extent to which an agency initiates and receives ties of influence, assistance, and support. Moreover, these relations are more frequent between agencies with similar treatment ideologies and client racial makeup. Finally, size and justice system access are found to reduce agency dependence on a network's administrative core. In the course of the discussion, a number of related issues and findings are discussed.     

Confession of prior knowledge about experimental procedures as a function of evaluation apprehension and commitment

Subjects' evaluation apprehension (anxiety about being judged by the experimenter) and commitment to (involvement in) the experiment were manipulated in an experimental study of subjects' honesty in postexperimental interviews. Previous studies have shown that subjects are typically dishonest in postexperimental interviews by refusing to admit prior knowledge of the experiment imparted to them by a confederate. It was found that both high apprehension and low commitment lead to greater subject honesty. Other features of the experimental design were successful in inducing subjects to be generally more honest than their counterparts in previous confederate tip-off studies.     

Durkheim and pierce on suicide and economic change

This paper is an attempt to build upon Pierce's important finding, a confirmation of Durkheim, that any form of economic disruption or change increases suicide. In this paper, certain aspects of Pierce's method are criticized. The analysis of an expanded and updated data set, using analytic techniques designed for time-series data, suggests that economic disruption per se is not as relevant to the suicide rate as are economic hardship and economic deterioration or improvement.     

莱农精神的内涵与弘扬

大学精神是大学的灵魂,具有定向、整合、认同、激励等功能,在大学的发展中起着至关重要的作用。莱农精神是几代莱农人培育和传承下来的精神品质和历史积淀,在新的历史发展时期,要大力弘扬“莱农精神”,丰富“莱农精神”的内涵,为莱农事业的可持续发展凝聚起强大的精神动力。