Sex similarities in occupational status attainment: Are the results due to the restriction of the sample to employed women?

Research on sex differences in occupational attainment suggests that working men and working women attain essentially the same mean level of occupational attainment and do so through quite similar processes. A possible explanation for these similarities is that the sample of working women contains an overrepresentation of successful women, since women who can afford not to work will stay out of the labor force unless they find a job commensurate with their education. This we define as a censoring problem. By extending a technique developed by Heckman, we can estimate the structural parameters for all women, regardless of current employment status. This procedure allows us to assess the impact of the censoring problem on women's occupational attainment equations.     

Size and duration of empires growth-decline curves, 3000 to 600 b.c.

Area changes of about 30 best known empires and states are compiled and tabulated. Superimposed and juxtaposed graphs (size versus time) help to visualize the relative size and location in time of these empires. Size-time integral, maximum stable size, adulthood date, and duration are defined operationally and are listed for 20 empires. A criterion is given for distinctness of successive empires. The size-time integral is a direct measure of an empire's impact on history insofar as that impact depends on sheer size and duration. The integral is largest for the Chinese Hsia-Shang, Egyptian New, Old, and Middle, Assyrian New, and Hittite empires. A world-wide territorial concentration index is tabulated. It increases during the period considered from 0.08 to 1.4% of the world dry land area.     

Theory Trimming

This paper attempts to show that the “Theory Trimming” technique makes little contribution to theory in sociology. A brief history of the technique is given, and several key assertions of its proponents are abstracted. These assertions are shown to be highly questionable. The general alternative to Theory Trimming is shown, and the relationship between Theory Trimming and more general orientations to research is discussed.     

从"国学研究会"到"国学院"--东南大学与20年代早期南北学术的地缘与派分

20年代胡适等人倡导“整理国故”运动,并以北大研究所国学门为中心展开系列的学术活动,在学界引起极大的反响。南方学术重镇东南大学的学者们除了以《学衡》与《史地学报》为阵地之外,以国文系师生为主成立了“国学研究会”创办刊物、展开演讲、编辑从书,进行了一系列的活动。针对北大国学门,东南大学国文系也计划组织“国学研究院”,但却遭到北方学者的抨击和校内新派的挖苦,由于东大不久即发生风潮,东南大学国学院最后是否真正成立也值得怀疑。从“国学研究会”到“国学院”的短短历程和遭遇,集中地反映了20年代早期南北学术界在“整理国故”运动中的地缘与派分。     

浅谈高校辅导员应具备的品质和观念

从树立服务意识和奉献精神,树立公平公正的意识和以身作则的精神,培养全局意识和责任心,树立完善的意识和学习的精神,培养勤勉的精神和创新的观念等五方面对高校辅导员应具备的意识和观念进行了阐述。     

高等农业院校服务社会主义新农村建设的探索与实践

建设社会主义新农村是国家提出解决"三农"问题的战略决策。加强社会主义新农村建设,高等农业院校承担着重要的历史任务。高等农业院校该如何在建设社会主义新农村中发挥作用,怎样发挥作用,华南农业大学在这方面做了有益探索。作者详细论述了华南农业大学为社会主义新农村建设服务取得的成效。主要做法包括积极开展各类教育与培训,为"三农"和社会主义新农村建设培养高素质人才;加强科学研究,通过新产品研发和成果转化,为社会主义新农村建设服务提供科技支撑;加强与政府、科研和技术推广机构的合作,加大成果转化与推广力度,全方位服务社会;开创新的推广转化模式,创办《绿色家园》农业科普电视栏目,大力开展科技下乡活动;鼓励毕业生到基层、到西部、到祖国最需要的地方建功立业。     

大学科普：高校科普理论研究和实践的结晶——兼论重庆大学科协工作创新与实践

由于公众对“科普”的片面理解,戴有“天之骄子”光环的大学生们却成了隐形的科普弱势群体,大学校园成了科普的“盲区”。为进一步提高大学生的科学素质,培养具有创新精神和创新能力的新型人才,有必要在高校开展大学科普教育,以重庆大学科协开展大学科普教育为基点,展示科普理论创新与实践,以期学界同行探讨。     

Occupational stress in universities: Staff perceptions of the causes,consequences and moderators of stress

In recent years, the Australian university sector has undergone large-scale organizational change, including restructuring, downsizing and government funding cuts. At the same time, research from across the globe reports an alarming increase in the occupational stress experienced by university staff. We report on the first phase of a longitudinal investigation of occupational stress. A total of 22 focus groups were conducted with a representative sample of 178 academic and general staff from 15 Australian universities. The groups focused on understanding staff 's experience of occupational stress, and perceptions of the sources, consequences and moderators of stress. Both general and academic staff reported a dramatic increase in stress during the previous 5 years. As a group, academic staff reported higher levels of stress than general staff. Five major sources of stress were identified including: insufficient funding and resources; work overload; poor management practice; job insecurity; and insufficient recognition and reward. The majority of groups reported that job-related stress was having a deleterious impact on their professional work and personal welfare. Aspects of the work environment (support from co-workers and management, recognition and achievement, high morale, flexible working conditions), and personal coping strategies (stress management techniques, work/ non-work balance, tight role boundaries and lowering standards), were reported to help staff cope with stress. The findings provide a timely insight into the experience of stress within universities.     

企业校园招聘宣讲会问题初探——以华南理工大学为例

企业宣讲会是企业进行校园招聘的“排头兵”，它对于学生了解企业文化、接触企业招聘信息具有极其重要的作用。本文以华南理工大学为例，对其近三年的宣讲会情况进行研究，从而指出宣讲会中存在的问题，并针对性地提出完善企业宣讲会的对策。