《解放日报》视域中的延安时期男女婚恋观的嬗变及其影响

1942年4月1日《解放日报》将“文艺”专刊改为综合性副刊。《解放日报》改版前的作品更多地是呈现知识分子对于自由婚恋的憧憬与理想,探讨婚后女性面临家庭与事业难以兼顾的窘境以及个人私欲与革命信仰进行博弈而产生的离婚危机。改版后,综合副刊上刊登的婚恋作品主人公大多是工农兵出身,呈现出政治进步可以成就美满婚姻、夫妻共同参加生产劳动可以促进家庭和谐、男女努力学习知识就可以收获爱的体验的新型婚恋观。文章通过考察改版前后不同时期《解放日报》上发表的涉及婚恋问题的文学作品,发现了延安时期男女婚恋观念的嬗变轨迹,认为《解放日报》对男女婚恋问题的反映与思考,对建国后“十七年文学”有着深刻的影响与启示。     

A BAYESIAN INTERPRETATION OF MULTIPLE POINT ESTIMATES

Consider a large number of econometric investigations using different estimation techniques and/or different subsets of all available data to estimate a fixed set of parameters. The resulting empirical distribution of point estimates can be shown - under suitable conditions - to coincide with a Bayesian posterior measure on the parameter space induced by a minimum information procedure. This Bayesian interpretation makes it easier to combine the results of various empirical exercises for statistical decision making. The collection of estimators may be generated by one investigator to ensure the satisfaction of our conditions, or they may be collected from published works, where behavioral assumptions need to be made regarding the dependence structure of econometric studies.     

Efficiency measures of the Chinese commercial banking system using an additive two-stage DEA

Measuring and improving the efficiency of the Chinese commercial banking system has recently attracted increasing interest. Few studies, however, have adopted the two-stage network DEA to explore this issue in the Chinese context. Because the entire operational process of the banking system could be divided into two sub-processes (deposit producing and profit earning), the evaluation of the sub-process efficiencies could be used to assist in identifying the sources of the inefficiency of the entire banking system. In this study, we utilize the network DEA approach to disaggregate, evaluate and test the efficiencies of 16 major Chinese commercial banks during the third round of the Chinese banking reform period (2003–2011) with the variable returns to scale setting and the consideration of undesirable/bad output. The main findings of this study are as follows: (i) the two-stage DEA model is more effective than the conventional black box DEA model in identifying the inefficiency of banking system, and the inefficiency of the Chinese banking system primarily results from the inefficiency of its deposit producing sub-process; (ii) the overall efficiency of the Chinese banking system improves over the study period because of the reform; (iii) the state-owned commercial banks (SOBs) appear to be more overall efficient than the joint-stock commercial banks (JSBs) only in the pre-reform period, and the efficiency difference between the SOBs and the JSBs is reduced over the post-reform period; (iv) the disposal of non-performing loans (NPLs) from the Chinese banking system in general explains its efficiency improvement, and the joint-equity reform of the SOBs specifically increases their efficiencies.     

Maternal Autonomy- and Connectedness-oriented Parenting Behaviors as Predictors of Children's Social Behaviors in China

The purpose of the study was to examine the contributions of maternal encouragement of autonomy and maternal encouragement of connectedness to the prediction of children's social behaviors. A sample of children (N  =  94), initially aged two years, and their mothers in China participated in the two-year longitudinal study. Child autonomy and connectedness and maternal goal-oriented behaviors were assessed at two years of age through the observation of mother–child interactions. Data on children's social participation, prosocial behavior, aggression, and organization/leadership in peer interactions were collected in a follow-up study when the children were four years of age. It was found that maternal encouragement of connectedness significantly predicted children's sociability and organization/leadership behavior, especially for children who were relatively high on autonomy. The results indicated the developmental significance of socialization goal-oriented behaviors in cultural context.     

白寿彝先生的治学与他的中国通史编纂

白寿彝先生在历史学的许多领域都取得了卓越的成就,晚年主要集中在回族史、中国史学史、中国通史等方面,并表现出总结性、成熟性和继续创新性三个特点。其中中国通史在他的学术规模中居于核心的地位,是他一生研究历史学的最高追求。他带领国内史学家,历20个春秋,终于完成体裁新颖的多卷本中国通史,实现了一个世纪中国史家的愿望,把自己的学术事业推向了辉煌的最高点。     

走向进步与发展的中国伊斯兰教--中国伊斯兰教协会成立50周年

本文回顾了中国共产党的伊斯兰教政策以及新中国成立以来国家各阶段的伊斯兰教政策的内容和伊斯兰教各项事业运行发展的具体实践 ,指出正确宗教政策指引下的伊斯兰教与社会主义相适应已成为中国伊斯兰教进步与发展中的一条主线 ,它在新社会实践中发挥着而且必将继续发挥着积极作用     

文化建设的四重路向与中华民族凝聚力

文化建设既要坚持民族立场,又要有全球视野;既要加强主流文化的建构,又要注重大众文明的建设;既要传承传统社会的道德精神,又要注重法理社会契约精神的培育;既要提高公民的基本素养,还要培养公民的现代意识。中华民族凝聚力在文化建设四重路向的影响下,具有合理的开放性、不同的凝聚层次以及适应时代发展的价值取向与新型主体。     

他山之石--西方学界对中国回族伊斯兰教的研究述评

本文在阅读原著的基础上,回顾了自19世纪下半期以来西方学者尤其是英美学者对中国回族伊斯兰教进行研究的标志性作品,并试图对其内容、方法和观点进行扼要的评述,以观照当前国内正在兴起的回族学研究.     

草麻黄根茎叶的形态解剖学研究

通过对草麻黄根、茎、叶的形态解剖学研究，表明该植物具有良好的适应干旱、沙质土壤环境的结构特点，为良好的药用固沙植物。     

民主革命时期中共关于民族自治自决与联邦制的构想

中共在建党后的一个时期,强调以自治自决和联邦制解决国内的民族问题。进入抗战时期,中共主张国内各民族团结抗日,积极进行了关于建立少数民族自治区的探索,但在国家结构形式问题上并未放弃联邦制的构想。这主要体现在中共"七大"和政协会议上提出的关于联邦制的明确主张。内蒙古自治政府的建政理念显然也受到了该理论框架的影响。在确定新中国建国方案的过程中,基于长期的多种构想及其实践,做出了慎重的选择,决定采用单一制的国家结构形式,并最终放弃了联邦制的主张。