Linguists and other animals

Book reviewed in this article:
Joan Dunayer, Animal Equality: Language and Liberation     

试论韩非文章的语言特点

韩非是先秦诸子散文中四大杰出的代表人物之一 ,他继荀子之后 ,发展完善了我国散文文体 ,并以犀利峻峭的文风把论辩类文章推向极致。文学的第一要素是语言 ,韩非在语言运用上有准确性、生动性、形象性和音乐性等突出的特点。     

区域民族描写民俗学优秀之作--读《中国南楚民俗学》

从民俗理论的实际提炼性与追求规范性、区域民族民俗描写研究之丰富性与精确性、田野考察之可学性与可操作性、民俗学研究之献身性与交心工程性四个方面来考察 ,王建章教授的《中国南楚民俗学》是区域民族描写民俗学的优秀著作。     

A sociolinguistic application of Bakhtin's authoritative and internally persuasive discourse

Through the use of two central Bakhtinian concepts, authoritative and internally persuasive discourse (word), this paper examines the tension between the ideology of linguistic hegemony as a source of power in the Greek public sphere and the condition of language shift faced by the Albanian‐speaking communities of modern Greece. I argue here that a cautious application of these two notions, which are relevant to linguistic ideology, can reveal crucial aspects of two processes: that of subordination to and that of questioning of the dominant linguistic ideology by local Albanian‐speaking communities. Thus, in language shift contexts, it is possible that no simple relations obtain that place social agents in unquestionable and easily predictable positions. Such an approach proves useful for the sociolinguistic study of threatened language communities.     

Consumption Patterns of Chinese Children

In the ten-year period from 1990 to 1999, children's consumption has increased dramatically in proportion to family income. In 85% of urban families, children's average consumption is equal to one third or more of the family's income. Resources are being directed to children's food and dietary supplements, toys, travel, computers and other electronic equipment, and educational resources. Children perceive that they have a significant influence on the family's financial decision-making. Problems related to children's consumption include indulgence in unnecessary or harmful purchases, and conspicuous consumption that cannot be sustained by the family's income. While some child-focused spending is viewed as enriching development, other expenditures may harm the family's economic well-being and foster an overly materialistic outlook among children.     

Defining child abuse in Hong Kong

Definitions of child abuse are culturally driven. Hong Kong, with a predominantly Chinese population, has managed to eradicate much of the societal abuse that children suffer elsewhere in Asia. Professional and government attention has now shifted to child abuse and neglect within the family. The paper, based on interviews with key professionals. analysis of policy documents and practice records examines traditional Chinese parent-child relationships. the status of parental authority and corporal punishment and changes in contemporary Hong Kong family life. It goes on to outline the development of responses to child abuse in Hong Kong, some of the dilemmas that professionals face in defining abuse and areas for future research.     

日本人学汉语的语音难点和教学对策

日本人学汉语在语音上存在一些难点和偏误,例如声母中常把舌根擦音h[x]、唇齿音f[f]发成双唇擦音(吹气音)[Φ]、舌尖音(包括舌尖前音z、c、s和舌尖后音zh、ch、sh)和舌面音(j、q、x)发不准、边音l被发成鼻音、闪音或擦音;韵母中常把紧元音发成松元音、圆唇音u[u]、ü[y]发不准、前鼻音与后鼻音读不准。要解决这些问题,应该采取针对性强的对策,以提高对日汉语教学的效率。     

语言禁忌现象的社会语言学考察

语言禁忌是一种常见的社会语言现象,渗透到社会生活的方方面面。汉语语言文字的特点对语言禁忌的发展产生了独特的影响,中国的文学传统进一步强化了语言魔力在人们心目中的影响。语言禁忌反映了人们对语言符号功能的认识,大脑的联想机制强化了汉语中以谐音为主要联想基础的语言禁忌的形成。在跨文化交际过程中,语言禁忌的问题往往会成为影响交际顺利进行的一个重要因素。     

邓小平的独特机遇观

邓小平独特机遇观是邓小平围绕中华民族几千万海外爱国同胞是中国大发展的独特机遇而提出的一系列理论观点。在邓小平看来 ,几千万海外爱国同胞财力和智力 ,以及他们对祖国的浓厚情感 ,构成中国发展的一种独特的国情 ,而中国社会主义建设对资金和技术的迫切需要 ,又使这种独特国情能够成为一种现实的发展优势。要紧紧抓住这个机遇 ,就必须把几千万海外爱国同胞作为社会主义现代化建设的重要力量来看待 ,制定必要的法律和制度 ,切实保护他们的各种权益 ,从中华民族团结振兴的根本愿望出发 ,吸引他们参加祖国建设。