Life and labor on the internal colonial edge: Political economy of kolberi in Rojhelat

Through the investigation of kolberi (cross-border labor), this paper sheds light on the state’s policy of de-development (or internal colonialization) of the Kurdish region (known as Rojhelat) in Iran. While the most dangerous form of labor, kolberi has become a dominant employment opportunity for Rojhelat Kurds in the last decade. There are no Iranian state laws criminalizing kolberi, and yet those laborers die on a regular basis—being shot or thrown off mountain cliffs by the state forces, stepping into minefields, and so forth. Nevertheless, there is not a single scholarly paper on this subject. Using the mixed methods research approach, our study analyzes the existing data along with in-depth interviews with 20 people who are currently engaged in kolberi to contextualize this understudied phenomenon. Our finding demonstrates that kolberi is a direct outcome of a uni-ethno-religious policies of development and part and parcel of the state's Perso-Shi‘ification strategy in Kurdistan. Therefore, kolberi is more of a political phenomenon than an economic one.     

Global Climate Emergency: after COP24, climate science,urgency, and the threat to humanity

ABSTRACT

This Special Editorial on the Climate Emergency makes the case that although we are living in the time of Global Climate Emergency we are not yet acting as if we are in an imminent crisis. The authors review key aspects of the institutional response and climate science over the past several decades and the role of the economic system in perpetuating inertia on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Humanity is now the primary influence on the planet, and events in and around COP24 are the latest reminder that we live in a pathological system. A political economy has rendered the UNFCCC process as yet a successful failure. Fundamental change is urgently required. The conclusions contain recommendations and a call to action now.     

Education and wage inequality in the informal sector: The case of Cameroon

This article analyses the effects of education on wage inequality in the informal sector in Cameroon. The author uses quantile regression on data from the Second survey on employment and the informal sector in Cameroon (EESI 2) of 2010. The results indicate that both wages and wage inequality increase with education in the informal sector, with tertiary education creating greatest inequality. These findings point to a number of policy recommendations for a transition to formality, such as the creation of more jobs for a skilled workforce, the development of sites adapted to informal sector activities and the creation of more vocational schools.     

Resistance as Sacrifice: Toward an Ascetic Antiracism

Often described as an outcome, inequality is better understood as a social process—a function of how institutions are structured and reproduced, and the ways people act and interact within them across time. Racialized inequality persists because it is enacted moment to moment, context to context—and it can be ended should those who currently perpetuate it commit themselves to playing a different role instead. This essay makes three core contributions. First, it highlights a disturbing parity between the people who are most rhetorically committed to ending racialized inequality and those who are most responsible for its persistence. Next, it explores the origin of this paradox—how it is that ostensibly antiracist intentions are transmuted into “benevolently racist” actions. Finally, it presents an alternative approach to mitigating racialized inequality, one that more effectively challenges the self‐oriented and extractive logics undergirding systemic racism, rather than expropriating blame to others, or else adopting introspective and psychologized approaches to fundamentally social problems, those sincerely committed to antiracism can take concrete steps in the real world—actions that require no legislation or coercion of naysayers, just a willingness to personally make sacrifices for the sake of racial justice.     

人口较少民族经济向现代经济转变的路径分析

在阐述路径依赖理论的基础上,结合人口较少民族经济的特点对人口较少民族经济向现代经济转变的路径进行了分析,提出要辩证地看待人口较少民族传统经济在这一转变中的影响和作用,认为人口较少民族实现经济转变的首要问题是打破经济封闭和信息封闭,在此基础上,将自身的特色优势与区域优势有效结合起来,将传统经济中的积极因素与现代经济因素有效结合起来,走因地制宜、循序渐进的转变路径。     

项目制:一种新的国家治理体制(英文)

作为新双轨制的增量部分,项目制旨在通过国家财政的专项转移支付等项目手段,突破以单位制为代表的原有科层体制的束缚,遏制市场体制所造成的分化效应,加大民生工程和公共服务的有效投入。以项目制为核心确立的新的国家治理体制,形成了中央与地方政府之间的分级治理机制,并对基层社会产生了诸多意外后果。项目制所引起的基层集体债务、部门利益化以及体制的系统风险,对于可持续的社会发展将产生重要影响。     

北京市现代制造业的产业组织结构分析

北京现代制造业的发展已有4年时间,对其发展状况和存在问题有必要从不同角度做出一个基本判断。本文主要从产业组织学的角度分析北京现代制造业产业组织结构的现状,探讨其存在的问题,并提出优化北京现代制造业产业组织的对策与建议。     

论农村人力资本投资与农村经济发展

随着知识经济的出现,农村经济的快速发展,资金、物质等传统影响经济增长的要素作用开始下降,人力资本上升为经济发展的主导动因,农村迫切需要高素质的劳动力.但当前农村劳动者文化素质普遍较低、生产力低下,人力资本的匮乏,开发人力资本的机制不合理等因素,严重影响了农村经济持续稳定的快速发展.因此加大农村人力资本的投资,建立合理的投资机制将对促进农村经济以及整个国民经济的发展起着重要的作用.     

西部民营经济发展与地方政府行为的优化

在西部民营经济发展中,地方政府施政乏力。文章分析了造成的原因,认为只有优化地方政府行为,才能进一步促进西部民营经济健康快速发展。     

论制约我国民族经济发展的因素及对策

我国民族经济发展存在四个制约因素,一是自然地理因素,二是基础设施因素,三是经济环境因素,四是社会发展滞后因素,五是教育因素.要推进民族经济发展,国家必须实行在经济上扶持,生态上减压,运作上创新等措施.