Human Motivation and Professional Practice: of Knights, Knaves and Social Workers

Efforts to improve the efficiency and responsiveness of public services by harnessing the self‐interest of professionals in state agencies have been widely debated in the recent literature on welfare state reform. In the context of social services, one way in which British policy‐makers have sought to effect such changes has been through the “new community care” of the 1990 NHS and Community Care Act. Key to this is the concept of care management, in which the identification of needs and the provision of services are separated, purportedly with a view to improving advocacy, choice and quality for service users. This paper uses data from a wide‐ranging qualitative study of access to social care for older people to examine the success of the policy in these terms, with specific reference to its attempts to harness the rational self‐interest of professionals. While care management removes one potential conflict of interests by separating commissioning and provision, the responsibility of social care professionals to comply with organizational priorities conflicts with their role of advocacy for their clients, a tension rendered all the more problematic by the perceived inadequacy of funding. Moreover, the bureaucracy of the care management process itself further negates the approach's supposedly client‐centred ethos.     

语境耦合的相干态模型

在语用学研究中,人们普遍地把语境看作是一种"共有知识统一体",通常用"关联"来刻划语境的作用方式,但很少对语境产生关联作用时的内在耦合机制进行揭示。因此有必要参照系统科学的相关知识,对语境耦合的作用方式及其动态的结构形态进行描绘,提出语境要素的语用学分类和语境耦合的相干态互动模型。     

Community Context of Social Resources and Adolescent Mental Health

This study investigated cross‐level mediational and moderational community and family influences on adolescent depressive symptoms. Using multilevel data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, we predicted that structural community characteristics such as community poverty and ethnic heterogeneity would influence community social resources, which in turn would influence adolescent depressive symptoms. We further predicted that community social resources would influence adolescent depressive symptoms through family social resources. Findings also suggested that the influence of the parent‐child relationship on adolescent depressive symptoms is weaker in more adverse communities than in less adverse communities. The findings underscore the importance of placing family process models within the community context when adolescent outcomes are investigated.     

“同知同乐”的艺术教育理想与实现方法

艺术教育的一个重要功能是审美能力的培养。审美能力不能仅仅基于对个体的思考,审美趣味和艺术教育理想是指向普遍性的,这就要求整合个体和全体审美力。西方哲学中的“游戏说”为营造艺术教育课堂的审美语境提供了理论依据,给出了一种在教学中实现“同知同乐”理想的做法。     

从文化语境的角度看英汉习语翻译

本文阐述了语境及文化语境的内涵,认为对文化语境的把握和理解是英汉习语翻译成败的关键,在此基础上,作者进一步提出了英汉习语翻译的对策。     

网络环境下教学模式的创新

教学模式以其系统性和可操作性居于教与学进程的龙头地位 ,引起教育界专家、学者和第一线教师的关注。针对高等教育教学中存在的问题 ,提出网络环境下的协同学习模式。对协同学习模式若干要素进行了研究设计和实践探索 ,其中包括教学目标、教学环境、各成员之间的关系、主要类型和活动进程、学习评价和教学策略 ,重点对教学策略进行了一系列的探讨     

关于全球化语境的四条问题链

全球化语境是一个复杂的系统。对于中国学术界来说,文化全球化与文化多元化、政治全球化与政治多元化、拒斥"西方中心论"和狭隘的民族文化观与向近现代西方先进文化学习、马克思主义的世界性和民族性与中国传统文化的当代价值,是从问题学的层面上支撑着全球化语境的四条问题链。     

后教育管理时代学校外部的公共关系

文章以西方后现代教育管理思潮为背景 ,结合我国教育管理的现况 ,提出了“后教育管理时代”的新概念 ,并赋予其特定的述谓和理论框架 ,进而从规范理论层面阐述了学校在该时代应如何协调好与政府、社区等重点公众之间关系的基本思路。     

Moving communities: A process of negotiation with a Gypsy minority for empowerment

This paper describes the process by which the relationship between university workers and members of a Gypsy community evolved. Transformation in the relationships between the two, in terms of knowledge, trust, and affect, in turn transformed the nature of the work undertaken. What started as research on the community changed into research within and of the community. The process is discussed in terms of empowerment, community psychological practice and participatory action research. Este artículo describe el proceso de cambio de la relación establecida entre miembros de una universidad y miembros de una comunidad gitana. Las transformaciones que dicha relación experimentó, en términos de conocimiento, confianza y afecto, acabaron alterando la naturaleza del propio proyecto. Lo que empezó siendo una investigación sobre una comunidad, fue transformándose en una investigación en la comunidad, con la colaboración de la comunidad. El artículo discute este proceso se discute en términos de 'empowerment', psicología comunitaria, e investigación-acción.     

浅析关联理论在大学英语阅读教学中的应用

阅读理解是一个明示-推理的动态认知过程。文章从关联理论的角度出发,讨论阅读理解的认知过程,分析关联理论对阅读理解认知过程的解释力,认为将关联理论的相关知识应用于阅读教学实践中将有助于提高学生的阅读理解能力。