Mutability of DNA base pairs: A statistical approach based on linear discrimination

A mutational spectrum measures the frequency of mutations at particular base pairs along a given DNA sequence under the influence of a particular treatment. Such spectra have been measured for several genes, in various organisms and under different treatments. This article presents a method of analysis based on the statistical discrimination between mutable base pairs and stable base pairs. The coefficients of the discriminant function characterize the mutational spectrum induced by a given treatment on a given sequence. These coefficients can be interpreted by the user without specialized statistical knowledge.     

国际直接投资的优势互补理论研究

文章分析和借鉴了西方国际直接投资理论和竞争优势理论 ,提出了兼顾投资方与吸资方的国际直接投资理论系统。它的目标是取得新组合的竞争优势。国际直接投资理论系统分别由反映双方投资目标 (原因 )、条件及对象的优势要素互补系统 (静态系统 )、竞争优势实现系统 (动态系统 )和优势环境系统 (环境系统 )组成 ,三个系统互为条件和补充 ,是统一的整体。     

Voluntary improvements to social security in Spain: Current legal standards and jurisprudence

This article presents a general overview of "voluntary improvements" as one form of voluntary social provision within the Spanish social security system. To this end, the article analyses different forms of voluntary improvements from both a legal and a jurisprudential perspective. Particular attention is given to problems that are a major source of conflict. In line with employment practice, voluntary improvements are articulated through collective bargaining. Although intended to encourage private initiative in matters of social provision, such improvements are nonetheless guided by the social security system, not least as a means to control both funding and procedure.     

试论民国时期浙江省乡村基层警察之补助组织

民国时期国家为了强化对基层的控制与管理,陆续将现代的警察体系引入到乡村基层,以图改革中国传统的乡村治安体系。然限于警力缺乏等因素,这就导致了民国时期基层警察体系最为明显的一个特征便是存在名目繁多的警察之补助组织,这种状况的存在一方面反映了国家向基层政治的渗透,另一方面也反映了民国时期国家对基层控制之薄弱。     

学生语言综合能力的培养

本文探讨了如何改革以教师为中心的传统教学法,使外语教学走上与时俱进的新路—以学生为中心,注重培养学生的语言综合能力,使学生成为符合时代要求的外语人才。     

日本对华贸易的比较优势及其稳定性检验

使用RCA指数和RRCA指数衡量日本对外贸易和对华贸易比较优势，结果显示日本在机械和运输设备及工业制成品等门类具有比较优势，而同时日本对华贸易比较优势稍强于日本对外贸易比较优势。通过计算贸易结合度和贸易互补度指标，我们认为中日两国贸易依存度较高。根据劳伦斯指数，我们发现日本1995年来对外贸易和对华贸易结构变动幅度较低，日本对外贸易具有一定的平稳度。具体到中国市场，日本对华贸易的比较优势呈稳健强化的趋势，具有显著比较优势的产品是日本对华比较优势最为稳健的一类产品。     

二维CWH-M矩阵在空频OCDMA网络中的应用

对一种新的补沃尔什哈达码-M(CWH-M)二维码,在空频二维OCDMA系统中的应用进行了研究, 实现了该码字的编解码方案和系统设计．理论分析得到该二维码在理论上可以实现完全正交,彻底消除多用户干扰．仿真结果表明了基于CWH-M二维码OCDMA系统性能比采用一维编解码方案和采用简单开关控制的二维编解码方案有了显著提高。     

Group Selling,Product Durability,and Consumer Behavior

Firms producing complementary goods often strategically form groups and jointly sell their products to better coordinate their decisions. For consumer durables, decisions about such collaboration might be complicated due to two factors. Because of their durability and presence of used goods markets, such products engender “future” price competition between new and used goods. On the other hand, consumers of such products might be forward‐looking and patient, both of which affect their purchasing behavior. In this study, we study how the above product and consumer characteristics interact to affect the group selling decisions of complementary firms. We do so through a two‐period model consisting of a value chain with two upstream manufacturers and a downstream retailer. When consumers are relatively impatient and reluctant to wait to buy later, group selling by manufacturers will take place only when the end product is relatively perishable, that is, product durability is low. However, if consumers are patient, that is, willing to wait, collaboration happens only when the end product is quite durable; for relatively perishable products the manufacturers sell their products separately. We also comment on how our results are affected by factors like manufacturers directly selling to end consumers or there being multiple opportunities to decide whether or not to use group selling strategy.     

“乡音”与“新声”：论商标名之翻译

商标名具有多重属性特征、价值及功能，这使得其翻译标准及原则具有多元互补性。针对当前商标名翻译实践中难以兼顾商标的多重属性这一不足，提出在翻译过程中应当遵循最佳关联原则，以此来有效地指导商标名翻译。具体而言，在商标名的翻译策略上应当坚持仿译与创译并重的原则，可在动态优化组合的基础上综合运用多种翻译方法来达到“综合”的、也即最佳的广告效果。     

《廿载繁华梦》对比艺术一窥

本文试图从《廿载繁华梦》主要人物周庸礻右的塑造上所运用的艺术对比手法——相反相成、烘托和平行并列式的对比，探寻近代资产阶级革命派小说家黄小配的艺术追求。