农房确权的制度设计与政策建议

农民住房财产权的确认(简称农房确权)有助于维护农民财产权利,为下一步农村改革创造 前置条件和法律依据。然而,实践中农房确权面临着甄别、处置、配合和实施等各种难题。建议在制度 设计上按照“房地一体,先地后房”的原则,对农房进行分类处理,通过收取宅基地有偿使用费、明确确权 操作流程等措施予以完善。在此基础上,地方政府利用农房确权契机鼓励农村集约节约用地,通过规划 指导和建房监管确保新建农房达到确权要求,中央政府推进宅基地流转和农房财产权抵押担保制度改 革,使农房确权更具实质意义。     

Discursive strategies for internal legitimacy: Narrating the alternative organizational form

A significant body of academic work has explored the ways in which hybrid organizations seek to secure external legitimacy. However, there is a more limited understanding of the ways in which organizational units in hybrid organizations seek to acquire internal legitimacy – legitimacy which is conferred by internal stakeholders. This study draws on more than a century of communications in a Dutch cooperative bank to uncover how a major organizational unit enacted distinct discursive strategies to seek internal legitimacy. The paper extends prior work by showing how internal legitimacy work – the efforts to shape, reinforce, or suppress internal legitimacy judgments – in a hybrid organization is a dynamic process whereby an internal unit generates multiple complementary narratives to promote a fit between its own attributes and the legitimacy evaluations by internal audiences. In addition, it shows how internal legitimacy work can promote this fit by attempting to manipulate not only the impressions of the internal unit's attributes, but also its audiences’ understanding of wider cultural norms of the day, on which their legitimacy judgments are based. In this vein, the paper highlights how discursive internal legitimacy work seeks to generate a taken-for-granted organizational position for the internal units concerned.     

科技研发投入政策模拟分析：基于中国科技CGE模型

从经济系统论角度,基于最新投入产出表和我国科技研发投入情况,编制中国科技社会核算矩阵,构建中国科技研发可计算一般均衡（CNT-CGE）模型,并模拟分析调整政府支出结构和科研经费制度改革两项科技研发投入政策。结果显示：调整政府支出结构政策可以使得实际GDP 增长率随着政府消费降幅的增加而增加,GDP 平减指数则随着政府消费降幅的增加而减少,其绝对降幅略小于实际 GDP 增幅;科研经费制度改革政策可以有效地提高我国 GDP 增长率,显著地降低物价水平,提升社会整体福利水平。     

委婉语与合作原则的违背

合作原则,作为人际交流沟通的指导原则之一以及语用学的理论基石,对于委婉语的研究有着至关重要的作用。作为一种语用现象,委婉语的使用应遵循合作原则阐述的准则,但人们在使用委婉语进行实际交际时,经常在一定程度上故意违背合作原则,要求听者探测说者的弦外之意,领会其真正意图。主要从合作原则的量、质、关联、方式准则四个方面论述委婉语对合作原则的违背。委婉语虽然违背了合作原则,但是不妨碍对话的流畅进行。为了增强理解、欣赏以及运用语言的能力,应正确看待委婉语对合作原则的违背这一现象。     

Acquisition of Telecommunications Bandwidth Under Economies of Scale in Size and Duration of Contracts*

Significant advances in information technology have brought about increased demand for bandwidth. Buyers of bandwidth often encounter bandwidth prices that are decreasing over time. Additionally, bandwidth prices at any point in time are decreasing in total bandwidth purchased and length of contracts. Therefore, buyers face complex decisions in terms of the number of contracts to buy, their bandwidth, and their lengths. In this article, we formulate models for the acquisition of bandwidth from a buyer's perspective. We begin with a model that allows varying contract durations under deterministic demand and without allowing shortages or overlapping contracts. We then formulate a simpler model, which restricts contract lengths over the planning horizon to be equal. We also solve the problem under probabilistic demand and allowing for shortages, which are satisfied by buying additional bandwidth at a premium. We perform numerical sensitivity analysis to compare the results of the models and illustrate the results with numerical examples. The numerical analyses illustrate that using relatively simple equal‐length contracts produces approximately the same results as the more complicated unequal‐length contract strategy.     

行政垄断及其规制的再审视

《反垄断法》的有效实施需要政府主导的监管措施,社会经济活动的专业化使得由专业行政监管机关行使管辖权是最直接和最有效的,恰如3Q大战中工业和信息化部的监管活动。欧盟与美国对行政限制的规制经验,需要结合我国的历史传统和公有制实践。行政主体与经济主体之间并无截然的界限和实质区别,政府和任何公共团体均可依法从事经济或民、商事活动,或者以其行政权力帮助、扶持、强制企业限制竞争,客观需要将政府自身的反竞争行为与其它主体的反竞争行为平等地适用于《反垄断法》,如此政府的角色定位方能合理暨合法。     

《劳动合同法》对企业成本影响的测算方法与实证研究——金融危机下的应急措施

<劳动合同法>实施以来,在国内学术界和实业界引起了轩然大波.2008年以来,一些企业的倒闭、搬迁,更将这部立意颇好的法律推到了风口浪尖.针对实施<劳动合同法>对企业成本影响的问题,采用分层目录抽样方法,抽取了珠三角、粤东、粤西、粤北地区13个具有代表性的城市,不同类型、不同行业共650户企业进行调研,运用成本测算直接法和间接法,对广东调研企业成本进行统计测算.测算结果显示,广东实施<劳动合同法>对企业人均人工成本的影响区间为2.54%～4.90%,用调研事实澄清了社会上流传的10%～70%的谬误.还从政府、企业和员工角度分别提出在实施<劳动合同法>过程中应对金融危机的对策,为各级政府和企业决策提供依据.     

收入差距和社会公正:拉美国家社会保障体系的发展及其经验

在对拉美社会保障体系的研究中,人们的关注大多集中在其九十年代的以私有化为导向的改革中,而对于其改革成效和晚近发展讨论较少,对这些体系特点以及社会基础的解释也很不充分。拉美国家社会政策发展的教训警示我们:城市化和市场化的发展未必增进社会全体人民的生活状况,而会导致社会两极化或强化社会区隔。拉美国家私有化、民营化的经验在增强福利供给的多样性、给人们更多的选择方面起到很大作用,但其在增进社会保障程度、减少贫困率方面的效应却很弱。这些国际经验对于我们回答中国的社会实践问题可以提供相应的参照系。     

农村信用社省联社改革的现实审视与路径选择

农村信用社省联社改革虽然在特定历史阶段发挥了积极作用,但由于改革的不彻底性,双重身份的法律定位模糊,股权关系错位造成权责归属倒置,对基层社的独立自主经营造成干扰,难以避免地方政府的干预,地方不断提高农村信用社法人层级的趋势明显,信用社产权制度边缘化,面临＂内部人控制＂和＂外部人干预＂的双重风险。深化省联社改革应渐进式改良,对省联社职能边界重新界定,强化服务、弱化管理,抑制其转型为银行总部的利益冲动。地方政府应通过职能转变合理履行管理职能。