青少年违法犯罪的家庭原因探析

青少年犯罪的原因是多方面的,其中特别是家庭因素,对青少年违法犯罪有着非常直接的关系。父母冲突、父母缺陷、破碎家庭、家庭教育方法不当、家庭监管不力、家庭网络环境以及家庭氛围等都会使青少年形成不良个性,甚至走上违法犯罪的道路。     

Neighborhood poverty and children’s exposure to danger: Examining gender differences in impacts of the Moving to Opportunity experiment

The Moving to Opportunity (MTO) program offered public housing residents in distressed communities a chance to move to low-poverty neighborhoods. The present study examined whether the resulting decline in neighborhood poverty led to lower levels of exposure to danger among children and youth ages 8-19 years old (n = 4606), and specifically, if there was a gender difference that matched the pattern of more beneficial program effects for girls and more adverse affects for boys. The study goes beyond previous research by using fixed effects to control for family factors that may influence moving behavior and confound estimates of gender differences in program impacts. Results showed that children experienced a decline in exposure to danger, with one key gender difference. Models based on brother-sister comparisons indicated that MTO had a more beneficial impact on exposure to drug activity for females than males. The findings suggest that neighborhood poverty is tied to children’s exposure to danger. Moreover, exposure to drug activity may help explain the gender differences in impacts on children’s mental health and risky behavior.     

Micro-structure in micro-neighborhoods: A new social distance measure,and its effect on individual and aggregated perceptions of crime and disorder

This study links social network methodology with the social disorganization literature to test the effect of block-level social distance on neighborhood perceived crime and disorder. Employing a unique study design that allows creating matrices of social distance (based on demographic characteristics) between 11 residents on each of over 650 blocks at three time points, we find that more socially distant residents perceive more disorder than their neighbors. Consistent with the bridging social capital literature, overall social distance in the block has a curvilinear relationship with perceived crime. And blocks with two cohesive subgroups, based on social distance, have lower levels of perceived disorder.     

马、恩晚年真的“抛弃”了共产主义吗？——“断章取义：颠覆马克思主义的陷阱”剖析之一

《红太阳的陨落——千秋功罪毛泽东》一书用断章取义与曲解等手法,摘引马克思、恩格斯的片言只语,借以杜撰出许多谬说,旨在挖掘颠覆马克思主义的陷阱。针对所谓马、恩晚年＂抛弃＂了＂共产主义伟大目标＂,皈依所谓民主社会主义之说,将其所摘全部马、恩文句,一一还原到原著之中显现其全貌及语境的本原内涵。引证马、恩论著中完整的论述,从而充分证明该书此举之伪、之谬。以恢复被歪曲了的马、恩形象,及其艰苦创立并为之奋斗终生的马克思主义理论体系与共产主义理想之真谛。《陨落》歪曲马、恩颠覆马克思主义的最终目的是：推行所谓的＂民主社会主义＂。     

论大众传播媒介与犯罪的传播

大众传播媒介是把双刃剑,有利也有弊。在传媒高度发达的今天,媒体已成为犯罪传播的主要途径之一。本文详细阐述了犯罪通过媒介进行传播的表现,具体分析了大众传媒中存在大量犯罪信息的原因,并对如何规范大众传媒提出了基本设想,以期抑制犯罪的传播,从而达到预防和遏制犯罪的目的。     

The immigration–crime relationship: Evidence across US metropolitan areas

Despite popular commentary claiming a link between immigration and crime, empirical research exploring this relationship is sparse. Especially missing from the literature on immigration and crime is a consideration of how immigration affects rates of crime at the macro-level. Although individual-level studies of immigrant criminality and victimization tend to demonstrate that immigrants typically engage in less crime than their native-born counterparts, the effect of immigration on aggregate criminal offending is less clear. In this research, we attempt to address this weakness in the literature by examining the effects of aspects of immigration on crime rates in metropolitan areas. We combine 2000 US Census data and 2000 Uniform Crime Report data to explore how the foreign-born population influences criminal offending across a sample of metropolitan areas. After controlling for a host of demographic and economic characteristics, we find that immigration does not increase crime rates, and some aspects of immigration lessen crime in metropolitan areas.     

犯罪转化论要

行为具有动态变化属性,具有转化的联系,这决定了犯罪转化的存在空间。行为本体意义上的转化区别于立法层面上的犯罪化和非罪化过程,它是指一种犯罪行为在其发生过程中因某一原因而转化为彼种犯罪并依彼罪定罪量刑的刑法现象。其理论根据在于哲学的事物发展观以及刑法中的犯罪构成界域论。在转化原因论上包括犯罪结果、行为、罪过等多种转化因素,在类型上它又呈现为一幅容单一犯转化与复数犯转化、事中转化与事后转化、事实转化与法定转化为一体的多维转化画面。     

论刑法学意义上的暴力犯罪——兼论无限防卫权的行使

1997年刑法典两处使用暴力犯罪这一术语.刑法学意义上的暴力犯罪同犯罪学意义上的暴力犯罪含义不同.刑法学意义上的暴力犯罪是对以暴力或暴力胁迫手段实施的某些犯罪客观方面特定情状的一种抽象.正确界定刑法学意义上的暴力犯罪的内涵和外延,有利于解决刑法学界关于无限防卫问题上的长期争论,对司法实践中假释的正确适用也有指导作用.     

保险诈骗罪比较研究

保险诈骗从普通诈骗罪中分离出来是必要的,中国刑法对保险诈骗罪采用结果犯的模式是合理的.但以行为犯罪的方式设置这种犯罪并不可靠.与其他国家相比,中国刑法应增设保险诈骗罪的目的性要件.中国刑法对保险诈骗罪的刑事干预强度较大,这是符合中国国情和刑法理论的.     

An exploration of the relationship between police presence,crime and firms in developing countries

Economic theory predicts that a rise in police presence will reduce criminal activity. However several studies in this field have found mixed results. This study adds to the literature by exploring the relationship between the size of the police force and crime experienced by firms. Using survey data for about 12,000 firms in a cross‐section of 27 developing countries it is found that increasing the size of the police force is negatively associated with crime experienced by firms. Results are confirmed using a panel of firms for a subset of countries for which data are available. It is also found that this negative relationship is stronger under certain macroeconomic circumstances.