Dilemmas between law and ethics in Czech social work

In many situations social workers face the necessity of making a decision. One of the most frequent scenarios of making a choice is the dilemma of whether to intervene or not. The choice itself is conditioned on the one hand by the obligation to comply with the relevant legal requirements and on the other by the necessity of respecting ethical values, rules and principles. One often encounters a situation when the legal requirements and ethical conduct appear in mutual contradiction. This essay will deal with the possible concept of the relationship between law and ethics giving examples of dilemmas between ‘confidentiality’ and the ′informing or reporting obligation′ in the context of Czech social work.     

谈大学新生思辨能力的缺失与对策

本文通过思辨能力的含义入手,探讨培养大学新生学习中思辨能力的相应对策。     

Factors influencing the success of PPP at feasibility stage – A tripartite comparison study in Hong Kong

Public Private Partnerships (PPP) have been used extensively in both developing and developed countries in delivering various types of projects, ranging from road construction, railway transport systems to health care facilities and schools. Critical success factors of PPP schemes at the implementation stage were identified. It is however more important for decision-makers to identify the factors for feasibility evaluation of adopting the PPP at the outset. This study aims to explore the key successful ingredients to be assessed at the initial stage of PPP projects as perceived public sector, private consortium and general community so as to attain a “triple win” scenario, via a questionnaire survey and a series of expert interviews conducted in Hong Kong. Survey results indicate that the most critical factor for evaluating the feasibility of PPP projects, especially to the general community, is an acceptable level of tariff. Cost effectiveness and financial attractiveness are the most important evaluation factors as ranked by the public sector and private consortium respectively. In addition, the existence of a long-term demand for the proposed services, availability of strong private consortium, alignment with government’s strategic objectives, as well as reliable service delivery are also rated as highly important to the success of PPP schemes. Addressing the tripartite expectations is indispensable to ensure the feasibility and successful delivery of public services and infrastructure projects via PPP schemes.     

A measuring instrument to evaluate e-service quality in a revenue authority setting

Tax revenue forms the backbone of any economy. The quality of the e-services provided by a revenue authority is therefore crucial, as e-service quality directly influences the burden of complying with tax obligations, and hence affects the tax compliance climate in a country. The aim of the study is the development of a measuring instrument that encapsulates the ‘lens of a tax practitioner’ in an e-service revenue authority setting. In order to develop a conceptual framework, an in-depth, qualitative approach was used to identify a comprehensive range of service attributes and dimensions that potentially drive e-service quality in the revenue authority setting. This framework is then compared with other relevant service quality models to derive at a proposed e-service quality-measuring instrument. Findings from this study may advance the understanding and the management of the e-service quality of the e-services in a revenue authority setting.     

从经学复兴到乾嘉考据学派的形成

考据学的产生、发展源远流长,其间形成了训诂之学与义理之学两种风格迥异的注释传统。这种学术史氛围,为乾嘉考据学的形成提供了坚实的历史基础。从清初的经学复兴到乾嘉时期考据学派主盟学坛,清前期的学术发展经历了三个阶段,即从顺治朝到康熙前期的经学复兴期、从康熙中后期到乾隆初年的经学沉潜发展期、从乾隆初年到四库馆设立时的考据学派正式主盟学坛期。乾嘉考据学派形成的原因历来有"文字狱高压说"、"康乾盛世说"、"内在理路说"等三种有代表性的学说,但三说各失偏颇。从社会环境和学术自身的演进规律综而论之,乾嘉考据学形成的原因主要有如下几大因素:自明朝后期出现的"以经学济理学之穷"的学术演进趋势使经学在理学的外壳下发展起来;明清之际兴起的经世学风致力于从经典文本中寻找到圣人的济世良方,但演变到后来,却逐渐失去了经世的内涵,对经典的研究本身成为目的;朝廷大力表彰的"理学"在心性思辨领域已经缺少可拓展的空间,因而理学在"尊德性"之外的另一面,即"道问学"在方法论上的指导意义就凸显出来。     

双相临界流动中滑移比问题的研究

本文探讨了双相临界流动中滑移比的问题,并在实验的基础上,提出了一种适用于制冷剂在毛细管内发生临界流动时的滑移比计算方法。结果表明,采用低滑移模型计算临界流量不仅与实验数据相吻合,而且在宏观机理上也能得到比较满意的解释。     

继承与创造：莎士比亚戏剧的经典生成

莎士比亚戏剧经典地位的确立与其对西方文学传统的创造性继承紧密关联,西方文学传统为莎士比亚戏剧提供了生发、成长和繁衍的土壤：古希腊罗马经典作品中的故事情节得以借鉴和改写;意大利作家的创剧手法被巧妙运用;英国本土作家关注的主题被继续探讨;《圣经》和《编年史》中的素材和史料被广泛选用。莎士比亚戏剧对西方文学传统的“继承性创作”或“创造性摹仿”,在诗性语言的运用、伪装人物的塑造、批判性的人伦教育、戏剧结构的革新、圆型人物的塑造、启蒙思想的彰显、自由意志命运观的演绎诸方面成就斐然,为推动西方文学乃至世界文学的发展作出了突出贡献,并因此确立了它在文学史上的经典地位。     

“There Is Nothing Like a Family”: Discourses on Families of Choice in Poland

In this article we showed how the notion of heteronormative citizenship embedded in the Polish Constitution was (re)produced in the public sphere, and how heteronormativity as an ideal was slowly undermined by the emergence of new narratives on LGBT families. We did so by first conducting a critical reading of the Polish Constitution, public opinion polls, national censuses, and so forth. Then we presented the results of a discourse analysis on families of choice in Poland from crucial public debates of the last decade. Through this we identified the main public strategies of silencing and excluding, its dynamics, main actors, possible changes, and shifts over time. The results of the research showed the change that occurred in the public discourse on LGBT families in the last decades in Poland moving from defining family in very conservative and traditional terms at the beginning of the 2000s to a more open definition of family in 2010–2011. However, they also demonstrate some undesired alliances among supporters and opponents of same-sex partnership and possible dangers of some strategies used by LGBT activists.     

Gangsters and wheelchairs: urban teachers’ perceptions of disability,race and gender

This investigation provides inquiry into Disability Critical Race Studies to analyze the intersecting attributes related to race, gender and disability. The application of Disability Critical Race Studies revealed the ways in which race/ethnicity and gender merge to erroneously typecast African-American men who are wheelchair users as reformed ‘gang bangers’ or ‘victims’ of neighborhood gun violence. This investigation examines urban pre-service teachers’ understandings of disability and underscores the challenging intersection of race, gender and disability within urban communities.     

Critical humanism for public relations: Harnessing the synergy of gender,race and sexuality research

In the age of the Anthropocene, PR research has a role to play in making sense of and working to heal the widespread suffering of human and non-human beings. Public relations scholars have an ethical responsibility to work toward structural, systemic social change that reconciles suffering. Drawing from contemporary critical theories, we weave three strands of theory – critical feminism, critical theories of race, and queer theories – to carve out a theoretical trajectory in social justice guided by critical humanism. Critical humanism illuminates the subjugation and resistance of historically marginalized individuals and groups, attending to the influence of structures and institutions that underpin norms of whiteness, cisnormativity, and heterosexuality.