Critical acceptance values and sample sizes of a variables sampling plan for very low fraction of defectives

Acceptance sampling plans are practical tools for quality control applications, which involve quality contracting on product orders between the vendor and the buyer. Those sampling plans provide the vendor and the buyer rules for lot sentencing while meeting their preset requirements on product quality. In this paper, we introduce a variables sampling plan for unilateral processes based on the one-sided process capability indices _CPU$C_{\mathrm{PU}}$ (or _CPL)$C_{\mathrm{PL}})$, to deal with lot sentencing problem with very low fraction of defectives. The proposed new sampling plan is developed based on the exact sampling distribution rather than approximation. Practitioners can use the proposed sampling plan to determine accurate number of product items to be inspected and the corresponding critical acceptance value, to make reliable decisions. We also tabulate the required sample size n$n$ and the corresponding critical acceptance value _C0$C_0$ for various α$\alpha$-risks, β$\beta$-risks, and the levels of lot or process fraction of defectives that correspond to acceptable and rejecting quality levels.     

嘉道时期社会大转折的一面镜子——《魏源评传》撰写手记

本文主要从三个方面具体阐述在撰写《魏源评传》过程中的主要体会：一、把握时代思潮,找准传主的历史定位;二、从传主的生命历程和思想发展中寻绎时代思想的变迁脉络,揭示传统文化内在思想活力;三、以人物为主线,评述结合,点面结合,展示传主思想发展的前后逻辑联系。     

Corporate sustainability as a hegemonic discourse of globalization: The discourse-historical approach as a critical issues and stakeholder analysis tool

Corporate social responsibility, and its other conceptual variants such as corporate sustainability, encourages businesses to act on a range of issues outside what the law and shareholders require. But what are the limits of the concept and its discursive practices in a globalizing world marked by accentuated asymmetrical power relations between businesses, and the communities they operate in and serve (especially corporations working in less powerful global peripheries), and the regulators who are expected to police them? This study uses the discourse-historical approach (DHA) and corporate sustainability framework (CSF) to analyze a British independent oil production firm’s—Tullow—communication. It illustrates the utility of the DHA and the CSF for doing critical stakeholder and issues analysis from corporate communication texts. Second, it argues that corporate sustainability illustrates the power asymmetry between the global and local, corporations and community. Specifically, we observe how a petroleum firm uses sustainability discourse, as a form of hegemonic globalization, to perpetuate dominant tropes and conceptions about African local communities as homogeneous and lacking agency, commodifying the lived experiences of the locals in the process while entrenching the superiority of the firm’s own position as a ‘benevolent dictator.’ We also illustrate how particular mitigation and intensification discourse techniques are employed to uphold Tullow as a ‘do-good’ actor. The corporation’s discursive strategies have a cumulative effect of cementing the power asymmetry that already exists between the firm as an agent of a dominant center of global power and Ghanaian communities as less powerful interests in the globalization process. Suggestions for disrupting the hegemony are provided.     

再思批判理论与马克思主义的关系

在几十年历史演变过程中,法兰克福学派批判理论经历了三期发展,即从"老批判理论"到"新批判理论"再到"后批判理论"。就它们与马克思主义关系而言,第一期发展以霍克海默、阿多尔诺的"跨学科唯物主义"和启蒙辩证法为代表,与传统马克思主义"渐行渐远";第二期发展以哈贝马斯的历史唯物主义重建为代表,被重建后的历史唯物主义已经"面目全非";第三期发展以霍耐特对早期批判理论与马克思的重新诠释为代表,被重新诠释后的马克思已经成为"另一个马克思"。因而,从总体上看,法兰克福学派三代批判理论家对待马克思主义的态度是:从欣赏、信奉到怀疑、批判,再到超越、重建。     

先锋小说的叙事特点

20世纪80年代中后期,中国当代小说领域以马原为首的先锋小说作家进行了一场叙事革命,他们在实践中完成了中国小说由＂创作＂向＂写作＂的转换。通过对余华、格非、苏童创作的分析,力求阐释中国先锋小说叙事革命的特点：开放时间、感觉的叙述方式;临界叙述;抒情风格。     

林语堂、梁实秋与“学衡派”的疏离

作为新文学阵营的重要作家,林语堂、梁实秋虽就读过哈佛大学,听过白璧德的课,但他们不属于＂学衡派＂成员。作为基督徒的林语堂,无法接受白璧德的那种具有基督教神学色彩和崇尚文化古典主义倾向的人文主义思想,在经历了对老庄哲学、天人合一的哲学观念的接受,到对明代思想家、哲学家李贽童心说的吸纳,进而在＂公安派＂那里找到推崇＂性灵＂的文心,最终达成他幽默的文学语言呈现。梁实秋是胡适的弟子、朋友,也是吴宓的弟子、朋友。因此他的双重身份十分明显：政治上的自由主义和文化上的保守主义。     

从批评视角看“中性”新闻

大多数批评性话语分析研究都选用政治新闻、经济新闻作为分析的文本,却极少采用体育新闻、娱乐新闻、自然灾难新闻等来作为研究对象.文章选取灾难性新闻语篇为分析对象,以期对现有的批评性新闻语篇分析做个补充.文章旨在通过研究美国媒体对汶川地震事件的报道,来论证主观性同样存在于貌似"中性"的灾难性新闻语篇中,并揭示话语与意识形态之间密不可分的关系.     

批评话语分析的“社会-认知”取向——以Bush伊拉克战争五周年演讲为例

＂社会-认知＂取向的批评话语分析认为,话语结构与社会结构之间并不存在任何直接的关系,两者的互动需要借助中间的认知层面,只有同时对话语生产和理解的认知过程和社会过程进行分析才能充分揭示话语与权力、意识形态之间复杂而又抽象的关系。本文简要介绍了＂社会-认知＂取向的主要理论基础,并以美国前总统Geroge.W.Bush在伊拉克战争五周年上的演讲为例,探讨该取向的具体分析方法。     

他山之石,可以攻玉？——对“批评话语分析”在当代中国进路的思考

＂批评话语分析＂是兴起于西方二十世纪七、八十年代的一种跨学科的哲学社会科学研究范式,而引进到中国来是九十年代以后的事情。从＂批评话语分析＂本身强烈的批判定位和解放志趣来看,目前中国学界对＂批评话语分析＂的研究无论从理论建设还是实际运用来说都是有待提高的,最重要的问题是要解决＂批评话语分析＂在当代中国的进路问题,即必须明确在当代中国的语境下,＂批评话语分析＂坚持什么立场、研究什么问题和采取什么研究方法等问题。＂批评话语分析＂在当代中国的进路问题实际上是＂批评话语分析＂本土化的问题,也是＂批评话语分析＂在中国文化转向的问题。