国家权力与城市空间:当代中国城市基层社会治理变革

确立和调整城市治理的空间策略是现代国家的重要任务。改革前中国的单位体制,使国家能够依靠单位实现“单元分隔”式的治理模式。改革以来,这种整齐划一的空间战略无法适应新的城市社会变迁。在城市社区管理体制改革中,出现了三种不同的国家空间战略,即“政党国家”,“行政国家”和“社会化国家”模式。当前城市社区改革的困难和复杂性体现了以上三种空间战略的对立和冲突。     

Using a stress audit: The construction site manager experience in the UK

Abstract

The aim of this study was to conduct a stress audit among construction industry site managers in the UK as a precursor to a stress management intervention programme. Qualitative data were obtained from in-dept interviews with a total of 36 male middle and senior construction site managers; and aquantitative data were obtained by questionnaire. Based on the analysis of 561 postal quenstionnaires, eight stressor factors were identified, most significantly, ambiguity (i.e. role and task). Job satisfaction levels were low compared to a normative population and influenced by grade level. Measures of mental health were similar to the norm for males, but both grade of management and type of contract affected mental health. Anxiety levels were signficantly high, independent of managerial grade. The stress of work overload and role insecurity (fear of failure) were associated with reduced mental health and high anxiety, and the stress of the organizational culture and climate was the strongest predictor of job dissatisfaction. There was some cause for concern for the vulnerable high-risk groups, i.e. the extreme type A and those working overtime. Medical data from a small subset of managers (n = 78) revealed that this group evidenced a better quality of psychological health than the group in total; but a high percentage of personnel had high levels of triglycerides and cholesterol. Recommendations for action focused on the needs of specific subgroups, and guided the organization on the acceptability of possible interventions at individual, interpersonal and organizational levels.     

Talking of HRD

This paper draws upon research exploring the emergence of HRD within the British National Health Service (NHS), the aim being to investigate how HRD has been talked into being, is talked about and accomplished through talk. HRD is conceptualized as a socialand discursive construction, and as discursive action. It is argued that conceptualizing HRD as a social and discursive construction can help identify and explain changes in ways of thinking and talking about HRD. Conceptualizing HRD as discursive action can help explain and justify HRD activity, in that much of what HRD practitioners and academics ‘do’ is ‘talk’. This paper explores these concepts and introduces a typology of the discourses of training and development (T&D), HRD and strategic HRD (SHRD), labelled Tell, Sell and Gel. It is suggested that this typology is a useful analytical tool for those practising HRD, providing ameans for HRD professionals to identify and analyse, and possibly change, their practices and discourse(s). The paper introduces a way of identifying how HRD might be talked ‘about’ and theorizes how discursive activities (the talk) might be changing.     

加强学生社会实践 促进校园文化建设

本文针对当前大学生社会实践中存在的一些问题,阐述了加强大学生社会实践的必要性,探讨了大学生社会实践的途径,其宗旨在于加强大学生社会实践,促进高校校园文化建设。     

试论广西师范学院教学质量监控体系的构建与完善

高校扩招以来,高等教育能否在规模扩大的同时保证质量,一直是社会各界普遍关注的热点.构建和完善教学质量监控体系,是高等教育发展的必然要求,是促进和提高高校可持续发展能力的有效途径.广西师范学院在实践探索中逐步形成以严密的质量监控制度体系、规范的教学环节质量标准、通过四支教学信息采集管理队伍进行教学信息收集与反馈的监控系统为主要内容的教学质量监控体系.根据学院发展面临的新形势,针对当前教学质量监控体系中存在的薄弱环节,今后应从强化建设过程监控等六个方面进一步完善教学质量监控体系,以全面提高教学质量.     

制约当前高职教育质量提高的因素分析及对策

从招生规模扩大、办学经费不足、师资队伍建设滞后、实践教学薄弱、缺乏创新性质量监控与评价体系和人才培养与社会需求不相适应6个方面，分析了制约当前高职教育教学质量提高的因素，并提出了具体的解决对策。     

试论社会主义新农村建设与农民平等权的保护

社会主义新农村建设是我们国家一项长期而艰巨的任务,也是全社会广泛参与共同努力的一项长远事业。在进行社会主义新农村建设的过程中,需要特别注重保护农民的平等权利,社会主义新农村建设的过程同时也应该是农民的平等权利逐步实现的过程,二者应该保持同步性。从某种意义上来考察,我国长期以来对农村平等权保护的漠视是现在提出建设社会主义新农村的一个直接原因,而现在对农民平等权的保护则可以促进社会主义新农村建设。     

论土地征收制度的完善与建设用地使用权 制度改革的统筹协调

文章在对我国《物权法》中土地征收规定进行评述的基础上,指出这一制度在适用中还需要完善相关的配套法律、法规。文章从制度间相互联系和作用的视角提出完善土地征收制度须与我国建设用地使用权制度改革联系起来一并进行。文章的重点是对完善土地征收制度提出具体建议:将国家对集体土地的征收限制为公共利益目的,将现有的非公共利益的土地征收转变为由集体与土地使用者直接协商,由集体将非农建设用地使用权进行出让。     

论公共危机管理法律体系的建构

公共危机的本质是社会结构的失衡。现代社会危机发生的频率越来越高,种类越来越多,应对和处置的难度越来越大。不断深入地探索和认识危机形成、发生、发展的客观规律,并据此构建完备的危机管理法律体系,以有效的制度保障和有力的秩序控制去应对、调控和处置危机,是历史的必然选择。     

完善我国人权保障的制度构建

人权保障是宪政的终极价值取向,2004年3月14日,"国家尊重和保障人权"载入宪法,实现了近代以来我国宪政价值追求的历史性改变,揭开了我国人权保障和发展事业的新的篇章。但价值取向的改变仅仅是我国人权保障建设的良好的起点,我们要通过完善宪法、政治制度等各方面,实现对人权的保障。