基于广义模糊软集理论的云计算资源需求组合预测研究

论述了云计算资源需求预测的作用,提出了新的基于夹角余弦的广义模糊软集相似性度量方法,将相似性度量结果与预测精度相结合来获得各单项预测模型的权重,并针对云计算环境中资源需求所表现出的短期动态性和长期周期性特征,选用自适应神经模糊推理系统ANFIS和季节性ARIMA模型SARIMA作为单项预测模型,以此构建基于广义模糊软集理论的组合预测模型GFSS-ANFIS/SARIMA。最后将该模型用于云计算环境下的资源需求预测应用中去。实验结果表明,与其它预测模型相比,该模型能有效提高预测精度,具有良好的预测性能。本文所提方法能为云计算资源的高效调度和分配提供决策支持。     

An Algorithm for Enhancing Spreadsheet Regression with Out-of-Sample Statistics

An innovative algorithm is developed for obtaining spreadsheet regression measures used in computing out-of-sample statistics. This algorithm alleviates the leave-one-out computational simulation complexity and memory size problems perceived in computing these statistics. Hence, the purpose of this article is to describe a computationally enhanced algorithm that gives spreadsheet users advanced regression capabilities thereby adding a new dimension to spreadsheet regression operations. These statistics include diagonals of the hat matrix, legitimate forecasting intervals, and PRESS residuals. These computational innovations promote learning while eliminating spreadsheet inadequacies thereby making spreadsheet regression attractive to academicians in teaching and practitioners in acquiring further application competence.     

On Statistical Properties of Palindromes in DNA

The main aim of this article is to determine the distribution of the number of palindromes of a fixed length in a DNA sequence. Palindrome in DNA is a part of the DNA sequence which is equal to its complementary sequence read backwards (C ～ G, A ～ T). We examine the general case where the distribution of the nucleobases is arbitrary. Further, we determine conditions in which Normal approximation can be used. Special attention is given to coding and non-coding regions in DNA and to the distribution of bases in those parts of DNA.     

因特网约车平台双边报价交易机制创新及策略研究

现有网约车平台采用接受或拒绝的定价交易机制，即乘客和司机被动选择接受或拒绝交易平台给出的定价及加价规则。由于缺乏对平台用户个体需求的了解，当前平台产生的价格不能反映不同交易者的内在诉求，如每个乘客的用车目的、紧急程度、经济能力，司机的实际运行成本、期望收益等差异。由于每个交易者的内在诉求对每笔交易的合理定价具有很大影响，为优化资源配置，将这类信息纳入网约用车市场价格形成机制变得越来越重要。本文设计了基于网约车平台的双边报价交易机制，该机制允许乘客和司机分别进行报价，网约车平台基于每次交易涉及的乘客及司机的报价自动生成交易价格并实现乘客与司机的交易匹配，该机制满足参与理性约束、预算平衡约束，保障乘客和司机获得该机制作用下的所有交易剩余，文章还对该机制下交易人的报价策略及投机策略进行了理性及仿真分析，证明该机制鼓励交易者说真话，从而优化平台资源配置。     

The Enhanced Double Digest Problem for DNA Physical Mapping

The double digest problem is a common NP-hard approach to constructing physical maps of DNA sequences. This paper presents a new approach called the enhanced double digest problem. Although this new problem is also NP-hard, it can be solved in linear time in certain theoretically interesting cases.     

The fastest itinerary in time-dependent decentralized travel information systems

A travel information system (TIS) provides customers with information about transportation, transfers, and routings. A decentralized TIS is composed of autonomous subsystems and a central computer, where local subsystems have full control of their data and there is not a complete database in the central computer about the entire TIS. The transportation vehicles are scheduled. A travel itinerary from one spot to another contains the travel path and the schedule of transportations. The approach presented in this paper is for the central computer to identify the fastest itinerary across autonomous subsystems, based on the incomplete local information provided by the independent subsystems.     

基于大数据的智慧公共决策特征研究

当今世界,环境日趋多变,经济社会问题日益复杂,各国公共管理面临极大的风险和挑战,仅凭传统的决策模式已无法有效应对日趋复杂的社会问题和时代挑战,大数据、云计算、物联网等新一代信息技术革命为智慧公共决策范式的出现提供了条件。智慧公共决策以大数据为基础,利用新一代数据分析技术与方法,在复杂的环境和海量的数据中,解释数据之间及数据与环境之间的广泛联系,准确了解过去、把握现在、预测未来,实时连续地为决策的制定提供支持。从本质上讲,智慧公共决策是以大数据驱动为核心,以新一代信息技术为支撑,以公共利益最大化为目标,具有全面感知、客观透明、实时连续、自主预置和多元共治等特征的一种全新的公共决策模式。     

Challenges and Opportunities for Statistics and Statistical Education: Looking Back,Looking Forward

The 175th anniversary of the ASA provides an opportunity to look back into the past and peer into the future. What led our forebears to found the association? What commonalities do we still see? What insights might we glean from their experiences and observations? I will use the anniversary as a chance to reflect on where we are now and where we are headed in terms of statistical education amidst the growth of data science. Statistics is the science of learning from data. By fostering more multivariable thinking, building data-related skills, and developing simulation-based problem solving, we can help to ensure that statisticians are fully engaged in data science and the analysis of the abundance of data now available to us.     

审美计算的兴起

人类正面临着“信息爆炸”或“数据洪水”的危机,数字化生存日益依赖于计算工具,人机交互已经成为当代人文生态的基本层面和社会关系的重要纽带。在这样的背景下,将艺术和美学引入计算领域具有重要的现实意义。它有助于提高计算效率,把握审美与计算、艺术与科学之渗透的双向性,促进更有涵盖力的信息科学美学的形成,并推动娱乐经济与信息产业的良性互动。     

以文化创意积淀文化底蕴

文章根据信息与计算科学专业教学过程中的体会,针对教学中存在的问题阐述了一些观点和解决问题的方法,并提出了一些行之有效的教学理念与教学策略。