测试英语词汇的广度、深度和强度

自98年Laufer两次进行广度结合强度的三层面英语词汇知识研究后,Laufer et al于2004年两次进行了四层面词汇知识研究,首次提出并正在进行词汇广度结合强度的计算机机测的研究工作。在词汇研究领域原有的广度和深度上,又开辟了一条新的道路。文章试讨论80年代以来国内外就测试英语词汇的广度、深度和强度的主要研究,尝试探讨这些研究对我们英语词汇测试研究与词汇学习的启示。     

西北回族的性别回避与禁忌

虽然都是信仰伊斯兰教的回族,但由于地域的不同,也就表现出不同的性别回避与禁忌习俗上的差异,这些不同的差异,既有表现在家庭内部的性别回避与禁忌,也有表现在家庭外部的性别回避与禁忌。而形成这些西北回族性别回避与禁忌差异的根源是什么呢？其深层的文化蕴义又有哪些呢？我们不妨看一看作者一番入情入理的独有见解与分析,既可以从中得以了解     

拉斯普京中篇小说新论

拉斯普京的中篇小说以农村题材和强烈的道德激情饮誉前苏联国内外。对此 ,评论界已有定评。本文用对比的手法分析了 1 976年前与 1 976年后 ,苏联解体前与苏联解体后拉氏中篇小说在题材、基调方面的一些主要特征及其变化 ,并提出了一些异于定评的看法     

Nonparametric tests for multivariate locations based on data depth

The present paper deals with the problem of testing equality of locations of two multivariate distributions using a notion of data depth. A notion of data depth has been used to measure centrality/outlyingness of a given point in a given data cloud. The paper proposes two nonparametric tests for testing equality of locations of two multivariate populations which are developed by observing the behavior of the depth versus depth plot. Simulation study reveals that the proposed tests are superior to the existing tests based on the data depth with regard to power. Illustrations with real data are provided.     

论土耳其埃尔多安政府的外交政策

以埃尔多安为总理的土耳其政府,改变了土耳其以往单维度、不平衡的外交政策,开始向多维度、多样化的方向逐渐发展,积极扩展在中东、中亚、高加索、巴尔干、非洲等地区的影响力,以改善与邻国的关系,其外交政策显示出更大的独立性。尽管埃尔多安政府在外交上主要以西方国家尤其是美国作为外交基轴,但并未一味地为迎合美国而在国际事务中处处跟随其后,而是着力扩大国家影响力在国际舞台上寻求独立声音。中东剧变后,埃尔多安政府的外交政策表现出延续性和灵活性。需要指出的是,埃尔多安政府外交政策的调整并不意味着以西方国家为基轴的外交战略发生根本性扭转,外交政策的东移不过是亲西方政策的补充,旨在更好地完善土耳其的外交政策。     

Robust weighted generalized estimating equations based on statistical depth

Most of the longitudinal data contain influential points and for analyzing them generalized and weighted generalized estimating equations (GEEs and WGEEs) are highly influenced by these points. An approach for dealing with outliers is having weight functions. In this article, we propose some new weights based on the statistical depth. These weights express centrality of points with respect to the whole sample with a smaller depth (larger depth) for the point far from the center (for the point near the center). The proposed approach leads to robust WGEE. These approaches are applied on two real datasets and some simulation studies.     

Robust Estimation of Multivariate Linear Model Based on Depth Weighted Mean and Scatter

Based on the projection depth weighted mean and scatter estimation of the joint distribution of (x, y), we introduce a robust estimator of the regression coefficients for the multivariate linear model. The new estimator possesses desirable properties including affine invariance, Fisher consistency, and asymptotic normality. Also, we study the robustness of the estimator in terms of breakdown point and influence function. Extensive simulation studies are performed to investigate the finite sample behavior of robustness and efficiency. The methodology is illustrated with a real data example.     

Data depths satisfying the projection property

Summary: Data depth is a concept that measures the centrality of a point in a given data cloud x ₁, x ₂,...,x _n or in a multivariate distribution P ^X on ^{d d} . Every depth defines a family of so–called trimmed regions. The –trimmed region is given by the set of points that have a depth of at least . Data depth has been used to define multivariate measures of location and dispersion as well as multivariate dispersion orders.If the depth of a point can be represented as the minimum of the depths with respect to all unidimensional projections, we say that the depth satisfies the (weak) projection property. Many depths which have been proposed in the literature can be shown to satisfy the weak projection property. A depth is said to satisfy the strong projection property if for every the unidimensional projection of the –trimmed region equals the –trimmed region of the projected distribution.After a short introduction into the general concept of data depth we formally define the weak and the strong projection property and give necessary and sufficient criteria for the projection property to hold. We further show that the projection property facilitates the construction of depths from univariate trimmed regions. We discuss some of the depths proposed in the literature which possess the projection property and define a general class of projection depths, which are constructed from univariate trimmed regions by using the above method.Finally, algorithmic aspects of projection depths are discussed. We describe an algorithm which enables the approximate computation of depths that satisfy the projection property.     

当代文学经典应该如何重写

创作层面经典重写与理论（文学史）层面经典重写是互为表里的文学现象，前者为当代文学研究提供了一种新的思考角度和方式。《车厢峡》《黑夜孩魂》《半夜鸡叫》分别对《李自成》《创业史》《半夜鸡叫》三部经典文学作品进行了颠覆性、延续性、戏仿式的重写。在文化转型背景下探讨重写文本与前文本之间的互文关系，把握近二三十年来当代作家的创作心态、艺术追求和历史局限，察悉人性叙述的可能性、有效性、有限性，对推进当下文学创作和研究自有其独特的意义。当然，经典重写不能简单化和极端化，在如何重写的问题上，需有正确的历史观和辩证思维。